 Metallic biomaterials used in medical devices are primarily chosen for their corrosion resistance and biocompatibility, with the body environment posing challenges for corrosion control. This invited review paper analyzes the effects of corrosion on biocompatibility, discusses the kinetics of corrosion, passivity, breakdown, and regeneration in vivo, reviews commonly used metallic biomaterials and their corrosion performance, highlights principles of implant failure, retrieval, and failure analysis, and describes common corrosion processes in vivo. Approaches to control the corrosion of metallic biomaterials are also highlighted. This article was authored by Melmeleus.