 Good morning everyone. The topic of this presentation is a little bit provocative because every one of us deals in his work somehow with the economy and in this presentation I want to take a look at several aspects of the economy which are closer to my specialization. In this presentation we will focus on three areas. So where can we find the reflection of the economy in our works, in which context, how can we define the economy if there is some definition and with which methods we can solve some of the problems which we raise about. If we take a look at the picture here, what do you think was the boy successful selling the lemonade? I don't think so. He will sell anything because his business strategy is wrong and we will try to take a look if everything is about supply and demand if there is something more in the economy. Okay, so when we will take a look at the brief context in which economy in archaeological works appear, we can find several hundreds of papers in a scholarly databases. We can see that archaeologists have quite a broad notion about the economy and they solve numerous problems for example like strategies, gaming food, exploitation of raw materials, the structure, function of the society, theory, ideology, rituals, ATC. So what is the economy? We can see from the Dalia's introduction that scholars and theoretics they deal with the economy since the antique times and in each period this definition reflects current problems in the society. So today's definition of the economy it reflects our modern consumer society and the definition is production, distribution or trade and consumption of wealth. This definition is in the encyclopedia Britannica. However, does this definition reflect the situation in prehistory? Probably not, most probably not, therefore there are other theoretical approaches which try to reflect the situation in prehistory. For example, Evgen Eustukhnyi and according to his view the role of economy is not primarily focused to provide life needs. However, its main aim is to generate society and create social ties. So what are the approaches about the studying economy? According to Einhoder there are three basic approaches. First of all we can mention substantivists which tend to focus on the relationships between people and on different types of exchange mechanisms such as reciprocity, redistribution and market systems. In this kind of approach their society creates some rules and there is no way for individuality in this system. According to formalists, this approach is analytic and they try to select or choose some mathematical methods which may somehow simulate human behavior. This approach is based on minimizing the effort and maximizing the advantage or maximizing the surplus. Social exchange, this is some fusion between these two approaches and it mix both, both of the approaches and involves social strategies, functional interrelationships such as availability of resources and control over production. However, we still miss something. Humans during their lifetime they produce artifacts and symbols. Artifacts cannot be created without some symbolical meaning and symbols are usually carried in a material way in some artifacts. Therefore artifacts are not only products however they are carriers of social importance and symbolic meanings. We can also benefit from putting our results into the identification of context. Either it is social, ritual or regional. So following I would like to study two case studies. First of all we will go back to the original definition of the economy which was done by Aristotle. Economy according to his view is management of the household management of the family and next we will take a look at the settlement organization and distribution of the sites in the landscape which reflects social relations and social relations as such can be viewed as social exchanges which can be studied by the economy. So first example we'll consider the household. We will take a look at the site in Czech Republic and the linear cultural culture which means first farmer in this territory. First of all we have to somehow acquire the data and still the basic method of data acquisition is archaeological excavation. The information from these excavations such as number of the finds and the weight of the finds can be tied to the some grid or can be tied to the archaeological features and as a method of choice is visualizing of this information in a map. So based on the visualization of this information we can see several informations such as day-to-day activities of the household. On the picture right we can see areas of our chip stone industry or the products of the flakes might have been produced on the picture on the left and where is the distribution of the pottery. We could see communication corridors along which the settlement refuse might have been the positive. Another great tool might be a fragmentation index which is a ratio of the amount of finds and their weight and according to this we can decide how the features were filled and we can see that the dealing with settlement refuse has been more complex than before for example in the case of the pottery we see larger pieces of pottery placed at the bottom of the features suggesting they might have been put there during the lifetime of the house and smaller pieces were placed at the top which might have been products of later activity after the destruction or leaving of the house. When we take a look at the animal bones we can see a completely different story where very small pieces were placed at the bottom and larger pieces were placed at the top so this shows us different or complex refuse management and the settlement. When we take a look at the context within the settlement in the case of the animal bones the excavated house consisted of mainly hunted animals and a smaller portion was made of domestic animals. We can see a concentration of hunting at the edge of the settlement and domestic animals were concentrated or the bones of domestic animals were concentrated in the middle of the settlement suggesting various specializations of the economic activity within the settlement. When we take a look at individual households based on the situation in France we can see that there might have been specialization not only within different part of the settlement but also within age groups and within the social structure that younger members of the society might have been focusing more on hunting and older members of the society might have more focused on cattle sheep and goat. Let's fast forward several centuries later and we can take a look now at the distribution of the early Bronze Age sites in Eastern Slovakia. As a method of choice was chosen on special temporal modeling which was created by Enrico Crema and adapted by Jan Polar. This method is based on gradual transformation of relative chronological data into a time scale. So with this method we can we can connect the distribution of the sites with some proxy data some environmental data. Each site each find is given temporal uncertainty or probability with which it belongs to a time interval and this data can later be analyzed with several several methods. So what have we found out? We have found out that the distribution of the pottery style within this region was very rapid and it spread from several hotspots into the whole area. Let me take a look at the environmental characteristics. We saw that there were several structuring elements of the site within the landscape like the presence of the water and availability of raw materials such as sources of copper, tin and gold. Based on that and based on the context of the Bronze Age as an epoch where the Bronze or the Bronze ideology the Bronze knowledge was shared across the vast distances we see that the sites were distributed or were divided into the production sites which were closer to the raw material resources. They are directly with the metallurgy and distributed metal products and we can see a consumption sites which were given these products. We see some hierarchy of the sites and we can create some exchange networks. When we want to sum up the main results there are several methods how to study the economy but we will benefit more if we put our results into the context which can be social, symbolic or political context. Then we will see that the economy might have been more complex. It might contain several levels, several specializations not only within different zones of the settlement but also vertically within social stratification. Of course we can see changes in the supplementary dispersion which can be linked to socio-economic factors. These changes might have been influenced by some super tribal commercial networks with exchange commodities which were prone to change over time and had huge consequences of the Bronze Age society. Thank you very much for your attention.