 Good day ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to part 3 of our smile code section. This is Dr. Sanjay Sanyal speaking First we are giving you a quick Pan view of the entire length of the spinal cord which I had shown you in my earlier video Take a look at the left vertebral artery, which I'm going to talk about just a little later And then we have the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord and then as we go down We have the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord. These two enlargements correspond to the nerve supply of the brachial plexus and the lumbosacral plexus respectively So this is a pan view of this spinal cord In this frame you can see the left vertebral artery the right side has been removed The left vertebral artery enters the cranial cavity through the forem and magnum and it gives rise to the PICA among other branches And here in this frame you can see the enlarge view You can see the two cerebellar hemispheres and you can see the vermus in between and you can see the posterior cerebellar artery Occlusion of the PICA produces what is known as the lateral medullary syndrome Here you can see the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord which I had mentioned earlier in These series of pictures you will see The spinal nerve roots as the immerse through the dural sheath As they immerse through the dural sheath They take a small sheath of dura with them till the intervertebral forem and which I had mentioned in my previous video And you can see them clearly in a close-up view here At the intervertebral forem and the dural sheath merges with the very austeum of the intervertebral forem and then the spinal nerve continues in its course so that is what you see here and The frame after this will show you a video showing you the same thing and the probe is pointing at the place where a spinal nerve Root is emerging through the dural sheath Incidentally here you can see a denticulate ligament also Denticulate ligament is a thin film of piamator which attaches the spinal cord to the inner surface of the dura In this next clip you can see the conus medullaris with the lumbocytral enlargement just above it and Below the fibers of the cauda equina The fibers of the cauda equina also immerse through the dural sheath the same way as I had mentioned earlier and We shall show you enlarge views and I'll let Doug who is one of my students was be doing the camera To record and mention his findings from the cauda equina along the trail Until it comes along connects to the dura Right here Passes through the dura takes a piece with it and out along through this Lumbar Nerve All the way down giving out some little branches along the way this nothing But cauda equina cauda equina more cauda equina It's better like a horse's tail Right here So where's the transition? Right there I lost a point there Right there Conus medullaris and you can see all the tiny little fibers Coming out and making up the hairs of the horse's hair Mandula oblonga Where? Why do it? Mandula oblonga And obviously cerebellum and bone dust Okay, I think we're done Thank you ladies and gentlemen for watching Dr. Sanjay Sanyal signing out Have a nice day If you have any questions or comments Please put them in the comment section below