 Hi everyone, I am Sergei. Thanks for the invitation. I'm really glad to be here. So, Woodland Archival, right? Colonization of the territory of the forest street of Eastern Europe were forcing the settlers to massively cutting down the forests. Times of extensive development of agriculture were replacing by periods of crisis and desolation of settlements and their lands. Forests were coming back and then again were cutting down and these lands again start to use as an arable land. Despite the fact that the territory of Ancient Russia was very extensive and may be divided into many landscape zones that influence the processes of settlement, archaeology helps to trace the development of these lands. At first, in the 10th, 13th centuries, were settled the banks of major rivers and the tributaries of the 14th, 15th centuries intensified the development of the water divided areas. From the 16th century, the settlement system in most of the early settled regions of Moscow State reached its peak, appeared the maximum of rural settlements which is fixed by census books. This is the territory of Moscow State in the middle of the 16th century. We are now trying to reconstruct the cultural landscape of Tver Uyest using census books. Uyest is a special term, it means a district, the lands around the city. Tver Uyest was one of the central regions of the Moscow State. The green area here is the historical territory of this Uyest. Census books. Census books are the Russian-Late-Medieval-Cadastral documents which are land descriptions of separate territories of the Moscow State. Census books carry information about the administrative borders, rural settlements and inhabited areas of wastelands, the owners, the amount of arable land and hayfields and so on, etc. These materials allow enough detail to reconstruct the cultural landscape of particular historical territories. To localize the settlement and land-owning structures of the census books, I am using various cartographic materials of the end of the 18th-19th century. It is mostly the materials of the general conservatory of the late 18th century which included general plans of the Uyest and so-called economic nodes. I am also using other maps, even our days maps. The research uses geese based on quantum geese software application. Using the medieval censuses, cartographic materials of subsequent centuries and contemporary satellite images and open geodata allow exploring the administrative, settling and land-owning structures. Here you can see the reconstruction of the administrative territory of the Uyest of the middle of the 16th century. But reconstructing those settlement and land-owning structures, there is a question. When do they were formed? We have no writing sources of their previous time, so archaeology is supposed to help here. According to the archaeological map, which is special edition collected data on all archaeological sites of Tver region on 2003, we have 112 elevated archaeological sites of 14th-17th century on the historical territory of the Uyest. There are 44 of them related with settlements of censuses books. Meanwhile, according to the censuses books, we can talk about 5,000 settlements on this territory in the middle of the 16th century. So the map represented here rather reflects the level of study of the territory than the system of rural settling in the late middle age. So archaeological sites related with rural medieval settlements were searched not enough. Within the project, an archaeological research of the historical territory of Tver Uyest started to be provided. At the researching area, related to number of medieval villages, some of them can be correlated with the settlements of the censuses books. Other settlements of the censuses books can be found by means of archaeological exploration in the future. However, medieval rural settlements left behind a very thin cultural layer, or horizon, the waste majority of them are not stratified and in most cases they have been repeatedly plowed up. Many of them being plowed now. Resortions of these sites is limited to collection of lifting material, mainly ceramics, on the arable land. You can try to fix the borders of the settlements by the area of distribution of ceramics and so on. But the collection of ceramic material could make it possible to make conclusions about the chronology of the development of settlements. But these materials have nothing to be compared with because the ceramic chronological scale has not been developed. For the creation of the ceramic chronological scale it is necessary to study the closed archaeological complexes. We need to discover and research the areas that have been used in the Middle Ages but were excluded from the economic turnover in the subsequent time. How we can do it? First of all, how we are localizing settlements of the censuses books at all. Here you can see the description of the lanternery of the Savatif monastery. The record starts with the mention that Savatif monastery owns. Then comes the list of its ownership. One large center, Silo Klabukova, and a lot of little villages around it. The localization of the monastery itself, as well as the localization of Klabukova, does not difficult. We can find them at the map of the 19th century and even at the modern maps because these places still exist. Different situations with other settlements. Most of them cease to exist, cease to exist. Some of them could not live through the economic crisis of the second half of the 16th century. Another was destroyed during the Polish-Moscow war of the 1605, 1618 and so-called time of troubles. For example, here you can see the mention of Onikeva village. Which one was the part of the lanternery of the Savatif monastery? How we can localize it? As you can see, this map represents the borders of various lanterneries of the 19th century. Some of them consisted of settlements, as they are just empty territories. These empty territories are wastelands. Most of these wastelands had their names, which were fixed during the general landsawry of the late of the 18th century. The economic notes to the general landsawry allow correlating the names of wastelands with separate late tanneries, which helps to localize some of the settlements of the census books. So we can find this territory. You see that it's number 131. We are trying to find this lanternery with the number 139. And it means that it's there. So we can find the territory where it was located, that Onikeva village of census books. Correlating this territory with modern satellite map, you can see that it is covered by woods. There was a wooded area in the middle of the 19th century too. According to the census books of the 17th century, the Onikeva village ceased to exist. If this area was not plowed in 19th century, it seems not to be plowed in 17th and 18th centuries also. Since the end of the 16th century to the end of 17th century, the level of economic development of this territory significantly degraded. So it seems to be that this territory has been used in the late Middle Ages but were excluded from the economic turnover in the subsequent time. Because of that, it seems to be very suitable for the archaeological research of this site as a closed archaeological complex. So using the medieval censuses, cartographic materials of the 16th century and contemporary satellite images and open geodatty of exploring the development of the landscape from the 16th to the 21th century. Generalizing of all of these materials in geese allows correlating data on medieval landscapes with the location of non-medieval archaeological sites. Reconstruction of both settling and landalming structures of the 16th century allows to discover the areas that have been used in Middle Ages but were excluded from the economic turnover and these areas could retain the least damaged monuments of medieval archaeology. Studying these sites have a great importance for disclosure of the chronology of the formation of the settlement system and for research of the material culture of various held-out property. As you can see, I am speaking only about such archaeological sites. The research of these sites is not successful, such successful as it's supposed to be but we are trying to work on it. Thanks, that's all.