 This study examined the impact of urban vegetation on reducing population exposure to extreme heat in cities. It found that vegetation can significantly reduce the number of days when temperatures exceed a certain threshold, thus protecting more people from heat stress. Additionally, it was shown that targeted treatments in high exposure areas were more effective than uniform treatments. This research provides valuable insight into how urban vegetation can be used to mitigate the effects of climate change in cities. This article was authored by Amonwele-Masau, Rossonno-Skifinella, Matteo Piccardo, and others.