 Principles of planning. Evaluation. Welcome. By the end of this presentation you will be able to define evaluation and describe the role, process and timing of an evaluation. Step 6 is the evaluation phase of a project plan. It is the end stage of the planning cycle. Step 6 activities must also be planned at the beginning of the project. Evaluation is defined as a scientifically rigorous critical assessment of the degree to which health services fulfil stated objectives. In other words, evaluation is a scientific approach that measures the change between, before and after a programme or project is carried out. It also takes into account any unexpected consequences of the programme. An evaluation helps us to discover both the intended and the unintended consequences of a plan. This helps planners to fully understand all of a programme's outputs and outcomes, not just those included in the plan. Ideally, evaluations are planned at the very start of a programme and resources for it are allocated and ring fenced. When should planners and managers evaluate? Ongoing, during the programme, at the end of a pre-agreed time period, often midway through a programme. Terminal, this is 6 to 12 months after a programme has been completed. And X post evaluation, this is several years after the end of a programme when full impact should have been realised. Who does an evaluation? Evaluation is an activity that must be unbiased, so it is best to recruit an external consultant or team to carry it out. Stakeholders, that includes the community, eye care professionals and funders, may also be involved as support and source of direction or information for the evaluation. How is an evaluation carried out? Terms of reference, or the scope, are agreed between the district and national coordinators and the external evaluators. Data from all monitoring activities is made available to the evaluators who carry out what is known as a desk evaluation. The evaluator will also collect data from community and outreach if needed. A report is then compiled and shared with all the stakeholders. And the next action plan takes the report's recommendations on board. In conclusion, an evaluation is needed to find out if a programme has been a success. It is also important for identifying scale-up opportunities and necessary changes. It must be done externally so that it is unbiased and it must be shared with all partners. Evaluation timings have to be planned for at the onset of the programme.