 فشرف بالشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دادا دالا وياله من شراف عظيمي المستتر on يدعان is categorized into two A mustetr which is وجوبا and a mustetr which is جوازا وجوبا means a place وجوبا means an ism which is مستتر A pronoun which is مستتر وجوبا has to be hidden is هو الذي لا يحلو محلو اسمه ظاهر A apparent noun can never stand in its place Like for example إذاب You can't bring an apparent noun And the likes of that Then the جوازا is هو الذي يحلو محلو اسمه ظاهر A ism ظاهر can come into its place Such as for example the word يقومو يقومو Are you with me What about أقومو then brothers أقومو can you bring an ism ظاهر Yeah Yeah No you can't because the word أقومو in it is It's that I'm standing Okay What about تجتهدو Yeah Can I say تجتهدو محمدو And I mean that person I'm talking to No I can't It's some ظاهر if it comes here It's gonna look like you go off this person You go towards another person It's another محمد No one will Are you with me brothers نسافرو we're traveling Yeah Can you say نسافرو محمد علي Can you say that Yeah brothers No Instead of that It has to be It cannot take its place Okay Pay attention So the ضمائر are three types as we said The first one is ضمير which is المتكلم Which is أنا ونحنو And then the second type is ضمير المخاطب Which is أنتا أنتي أنتما أنتو النأ And then the third one which is ضمير الغائب Which is هو وهي وهوم وهو النأ Okay brothers That's the first type of what The author mentions from the five types of معرفة Right Are you with me brothers The second type is اسم العلم اسم العلم right The second one is العلم العلم means a name And a name is It's well known right It's معرفة it's definite That's your name It specifically Speaks about you Okay And scholars they categorize The علم the names into two علم الشخصي Personal name And علم جنسي A name for an essence Or a more like Essence علم الشخص means your name محمود محمد أحمد خالد That's it And the second one is علم Which is الجنس Are you with me brothers Any name that was placed Force Like for example the word The name اسامة اسامة was originally a place for A lion It's a jinx But the humans share it So the essence is shared by everybody Okay But you'll never see a lion called محمود محمود is the humans name This is علم of a شخص A human Are you with me Whereas اسامة is more of the jinx Alamos and humans they share it Because they're all creations of Allah And they share this now The third one is اسم المحمد So the third now We finish علم now We spoke about علم Means the author mentions اسم المحمد And this is When we say اسم المحمد What does it fall back to We already spoke about this And اسارة أنا And اسم مصول So this is where اسم محمد Which is إذا اسم إشارة دا and دي and دي And ته and ته Okay تاني تيني أو لاي All of those مصول is what مصول is what Connective It's اللذي اللداني اللديني اللتاني اللدين أولا واللاتي واللاي That's that one The fourth one That the author mentions Is the اسم Which enters in it ألف علام Like رجل And it becomes الرجل Okay The fifth one is anyone ما أضيفني واحد من هذه الأربعة Any of these four Whoever is attributed to So جاء خدموك خادموك وخادمو محمود وخادمو هذا وخادمو الذي قدما وخادمو الشيخي That's all of the four That we previously mentioned So the ضمير The اسم العالم اسم المبهب And the اسم اللذي فيه ألف علام All four of them If they إضافة is done Those four That we previously mentioned Then that is معرفة as well So for example you say جاء خادموك جاء خادموك صح وخادمو محمود وخادمو هذا وخادمو الذي قدما وخادمو الشيخي What's the strongest معرفة The strongest معرفة is لفظ الجلالة الله So scholars who say That the ضمير is stronger than even the علم They're right But they have to bring Allah's name out of it Okay So Allah's name Is what أعرف المعرف Is to Allah And it doesn't go To anyone except Allah And if that's Some of the scholars they mention That All the tyrant leaders that came All the Jababira that came None of them ever Call themselves Allah It's just Allah Turn them away from that They claim to be Allah But never did they Ever adopt the name What They never adopted the word Allah No, not in any way Formal shape Okay Then the author رحم الله Speaks about النكرة Okay, he speaks about What النكرة والنكرة تكلس من شائع في جنسي لا يختص به وحدن دون آخر وتقريبه دخولوا الاليف واللام عليه نحو الرجول والفرسي نكرة is indefinite It doesn't fall to a particular individual رجل Man Here it can be anyone Okay It's a noun that doesn't have It doesn't restrict itself To a particular individual It does not restrict itself To a particular individual An example for that is الرجل And الفرس And the author said وتقريبه To get the matter close to you is whatever will allow for the elephant to enter it So رجل الرجل فرس الفرسي نعم طاعلا مقوم خطم طاعلا مجولني طاعلا مزومي طاعلا مزومي جزمة فقولوا الله مزيد المعمل رأيت مزيد المعمل ومرأيت مزيد المعمل وزيد وزيد لام يقوم ولم يقوم The author, رحم الله goes into at The word at in the language means the mail to read something The mail is at That's what the Arab says اطف فلان على فلان اي مال إليه بالرفك والرحمة That's what at It means to be have mercy towards somebody And it's to be tenderness towards a person When your heart leans towards a person You've got a soft spot for them According to the grammar they categorize into two اطف بيان اطف نسق Okay They categorize the اطف into two اطف بيان اطف نسق اطف بيان is as we said before It means اطف البيان It is اتابع الجامد الموضع لمتبوعه في المعارف والمخصص له في النكرات It follows The name Okay And it clarifies it It makes it clear And it also even والمخصص له في النكرات And that's something else We spoke about when we were talking in الورقان For example now جاء محمد أخوك أخوك is actually You're restricting Which محمد it right now is It could have been any محمد but you've restricted it Yeah We're going to talk about the very the how close this is and the difference between the two We're going to talk the difference between about بدل and عطف We'll speak about it جاء محمد أخوك because عطف بيان and بدل are always Some scholars they say it's the same because you know in the Arabic language when you read ما بعد أي You know the user of the word أي And the scholars are trying to clarify something This is scholars call it ما بعد أي عطف بيان أو بدل It can be عطف بيان or it can be بدل whichever of them So we'll think what we'll talk about if there is a difference what's the difference between those who say it's a difference and maybe not today maybe not in this book We'll need for مطميمة الأجربية جاء محمد أخوك Your brother came محمد Your brother came محمد So now we know محمد is his brother We clarified that for him Okay It became clear now أصول الله says قرآن ممائن صديد ممائن صديد The word صديد is عطف بيان على ما ووتا It clarifies it Explains it to you It even restricts what type of water it is Okay It's not now unrestricted It's called That's what أصوليين they call it مخصص Is that what you that's تخصص And also عطف نسق عطف نسق is basically تابع المتوسط بينه و بينه متبعي أحد الحروف العشان These 10 that the author mentioned are between it Whenever you see these 10 between it you always need to know it's what it's an عطف For example The word would be قديم علي وعلي كيب وابوه وفادة The verb would be The verb by the way It shows الترتيب مع التحقيب It shows sequence and order For example دخل عند الشيخ العلماء المفى المراقبونة Okay It shows that The order of something happening and how it took place ثم comes ثم again shows ترتيب تولى الخلافة تأبوا بكرين ثم عمارا ثم ثم عمارو سعوية It's again تنويع أو لأحد الشيئين It's basically تخيرا إباحة Choose between two things جاء محمد أو خالد أم It's basically used to تستعملوا اللي طالب التعييد when you're actually looking to specify after the Hamza 2 after the Hamza 2 لستفهم أم For example أجاء There always has to be the beginning It has to be a question form So you will say أجاء محمود Did محمود come أم صالح أو صالح In other words what you're trying to say is which of those two came right? That's what you're trying to say The word إما is like As Allah said in the Quran صحانه وتعالى فإما من ننبعد وإما في داء Okay It's also from the حروف The حروف العطفي The seventh one is بال Okay بال And it means of course definite Okay بال is actually more stronger than the word نعم It's actually more stronger It's 100% So ما جاء يوسف بالإبراهيم يوسف did not come راذ إبراهيم came راذ إبراهيم came لا هي For example القديمة الصالح لا محمود صالح كيم No محمود And the word لكن is ما رأيتو باليدا لكن مجتهدا And the لكن here which you're trying to do is And the word لا Both of them have one thing in common The لا that I mentioned before And the لكن Both of them are actually They're going to affirm The direct opposite of what was said For example When you say قديمة الصالح الصالح كيم لا محمود محمود You're fully negating it from محمود And you're giving the opposite to صالح لكن is also the same In العطف You're saying ما رأيتو باليدا I didn't see a person who's not smart لكن مجتهدا Rather what I saw was a مجتهد a person of HD head حتى حتى is what the author abuses تستعملوا للغاية حتى a use for what غاية What's حتى a use for is use for what غاية The ultimate goal يموتوا الناس And the people will die حتى الأنبياء Even the prophets are going to die قاديمة الحجاج The people of Hajj have come حتى المشاتو Even the mushats The walkers have also come حتى is حرف المحروف العطفي Then the author رحمه الله He mentions the ruling For these 10 فإذا عطفت بهم بها على مرفوع الرفعة أو على منصوب النصبتة أو على مخفوذ خفضة أو على مجزوم جزمتة And he tells you the ruling That if what's before is مرفوع رفعة You make it more for فإذا قام زيد وعمر وإن كان منصوب نصبة If it's mansoob you place nusb on it رأيت زيدا وعمرا وإن كان مخفوذ خفضة It becomes more to be زيد وعمر وإن كان منصوب وإن كان مجزوم جزمة And it becomes زيد لم يقوم ولم يقعد Okay نعم The author now goes into a توكيد توكيد in the Arabic language It means التقوية is when you're basically strengthening and emphasizing on something And according to the grammarians it's categorized into two The first one is توكيد لفضي A word based توكيد Okay And the way it is is that the same word is repeated twice جاء محمد محمد محمد كيف محمد So طلعت طلعت الشمس لا لا أقوموا Those are called توكيد لفضي The same word is repeated twice And the second one is توكيد المعنوي And توكيد معنوي Which is what هو الذي يرفع احتمال إضافة إلى المتبوع أو الخصوص بما ظاهره العموم For example جاء بكرد نفسه Which is the one that the author is bringing The wording is not going to come again But now what's going to come is What's going to come is Something that has the possibility of attributing it إلى المتبوع Okay For example جاء بكرد بكرد نفسه himself That's توكيد معنوي For bakar Okay And all of these other examples That the author brought رحمه الله تعالى Which falls under توكيد المعنوي Which is نفسه والعين وكل واجمع Okay All of those are words that are used for توكيد Which توكيد are we talking about here? Yeah We're talking about the second Which is the معنوي As for if it's a lot of these Then the word itself will repeat itself twice توكيد معنوي According to the grammarians It fulfills a job known as خصوصة It makes it specific So we have نفسه Which is you عينو This عينو This essence This thing itself كلو you know what it means اجمع you know what it means And the word اجمع Has things that come under it That stem under it It's اجمع It's called It's his group It's like اك تعو وقب تعو وقب صعو All of those are The same meaning as اجمع They all mean the same Okay They're basically three letters That are used By The Arabs Which all mean the same They mean اجمع All of All of They all show And they have one thing in common Which is And they encompass everything And they're very generic That's the second time So what did I say The توكيد is The توكيد is two times Lovely and معنو Lovely means that the same word Repeats itself twice معنو means what brothers معنو means that Any of these wordings If they are used Then that means It is meaning based Okay It's meaning based So if it happens That If you hear the word For example فسجد الملايكة كلهم اجمعونا I call into the grammar Which is I said The soul I end up to say that In the Quran But for them It would be توكيد معنو Okay Are you with me about this Because كلهم اجمعونا They believe it is It's كلهم And اجمعونا Has entered here Is معنو The angels It didn't say فسجد الملايكة صح If it would Then it would be لفتي Right But what happened here is The word كل is brought back Which really encompasses All of the angels Okay Yeah توكيد لفتي Yeah Before them معنو Because the same word Has been repeated twice Even though We believe اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو اشقنو أم لا أصدق أنه أصدقائنا ؟ هل هذا مرجعة ؟ مرجعة و أصدقائنا أن أمان لا تنظر أو لا تنظر بابل التوكيد بابل التوكيد بابل التوكيد بابل التوكيد right بابل بدل إذا أُبتل إذا أُبتل أسموه يسميه ترياهه في جميع الإعواهج بدل شيء من شيء و بدل بعض من أنظر و بدل الشمال و بدل مضلط لكن خول البقم مثل أخوكة وأتلت وأتلت أرضي فاتسلوتأه و尾 فعني مثل عملته و رأيت زيدا و رأيت زيدا من خارسة و رأيت أرنت أن تقول الفرصة فعملت فعملت طفلتك فعملتك فعملت تديل مطابق دي أوتر رحمه الله يجب أن يتكلم بأن البدل يوجد 4 طيب بدل الشيئي من الشيئي وذلك يسمى بدل المطابق إذا كانوا تقولوا بدل الشيئي من الشيئي يسمى بدل المطابق بدل المطابق يجب أن تتذكر الضابط لك الضابط لبدل سوف يكون أخي أسرع أن أخبر بدل بدل هو العوض ماذا يعني بدل؟ عوض يجب أن تتذكر يجب أن تتذكر 2 طيب ماذا يحدث؟ يجب أن يتذكر الأشياء في القرآن هؤلاء من التوابع إذا كانت مرفوع إذا كانت مرفوع إذا كانت مرفوع جاء محمد أخوك إذا كانت مرفوع رأيت محمد الأخوك فريحت بمحمد الأخيك إن تسجل لله يتشكوره يرحمك كل هذا هو ما يفعل بدل بدل هو 4 طيب as the author mentioned the first type is called بدل الشيئي من الشيئي and it's also called بدل المطابق الضابط for it is what brothers ضابط here means what is it that you as an individual need to know and understand regarding بدل it's important how can I really tell the difference between each one the way you can tell the difference between each one is that بدل المطابق is ما يكون ما أريد بالثاني عين ما أريد بالأولي so basically the thing that you're going to stop the other thing for is actually exactly the same for example قام زيد الأخوك زيد your brother stood so زيد and brother is the same exactly the same they're the exactly same thing okay that's where I said أطفو بيان and the بدل here kind of mix up so there's something that some of the grammarians mentioned but going into that تفاصيل and that details right now it's unnecessary okay but for now what you can do is you can say أطفو بيان whatever is is also بدل بدل الشيئي من الشيئي okay the second one is بدل بعض من الكل okay بدل بعض من الكل means that basically they're not exactly the same but it's a part of it it's a part of it portion of it for example أكلت الرغيفة ثلوثه I ate the bread one third of it that's not what you ate is not the whole bread it's part of the bread so there's the other parts of the bread that's still not eaten by me the third one is بدل الشيئي okay بدل الشيئي basically means that يكون بين الأولي the first thing and the second there's a relationship but that relationship has nothing to do with generic relationship or specific relationship that you saw in the second one not none of that for example you would say نفع علي زيد العلمه زيد's knowledge benefited me okay زيد's knowledge benefited me okay now knowledge is not all zaid's okay it's not all what zaid is there's more than just knowledge okay other things of zaid can benefit so it's not it's not all about so you can't look at it from that angle and knowledge is not a part of me as an individual it's not a physical part of me okay does that make sense so it doesn't fall under that the fourth one is بدل الغلط بدل الغلط means when the first part and the second part have no relationship with each other you basically kind of got it wrong to be honest okay and it's what the author mentions here we say رأي تزيد I saw زيد الفرص الفرص and some of the scholars don't even add this to the taba'a it's only the badal they don't okay there we finished but just I need to just mention a قاعدة which you need to remember the بدل الشتبال always what you have to do is that are you with me brothers the بدل الشتبال there always has to be a program that brings it back to you for example نفعني زي دن علمه who who goes back to him there always has to be a program that brings you back to زيد okay there always has to be now the author رحمه الله we finished بابو برفوعة الاسماء we've now got بابو برصوبات الاسماء we'll take a ten minutes break and then we'll do بابو برصوبات and we'll definitely be finished on time and then we've got the once we finish the برفوعة we will go for the sorry بابو برصوبات when we finish it we will go for the مخفوضات which is the smallest chapter to be honest there's only three things that are مخفوض in the اسماء is جر الإضافة and توابع and توابع we already spoke about it so we're not going to speak about it again so really going to be speaking about جر and إضافة but the مصوبات is a bit much but it's not as much as the مصوعات we'll take a little break إن شاء الله for ten minutes