 norepinephrine is a potent alpha agonist with beta agonist properties that can be used to treat spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension without causing a decrease in cardiac output or heart rate. This study found that norepinephrine was more effective than phenylephrine at maintaining normalized cardiac output and stroke volume, while still being safe for use in pregnant women. This article was authored by Wu Jin-chou, Sun Yan-chou and A. Eryung Lee.