 1.Visphatine was initially identified as an adipokine with insulin memetic properties and was found to be identical to two previously described molecules, pre-b-cell colony-enhancing factor, PBEF, and the enzyme nicotinamide phosphorybosyl transferase, NAMT. 2.Enhanced circulating visphatine NAMT levels have been reported in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, and correlate with markers of systemic inflammation. 3.Visphatine NAMT has been proposed as a clinical marker for cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis and ethereal dysfunction and vascular damage, but further research is needed to understand its mechanisms and potential therapeutical target in these pathologic scenarios. This article was authored by Tanya Romachow, Carlos F. Sanchez-Furrer, and Concepcion Payro.