 The latest version of the World Health Organizations, WHO, classification of brain tumors includes more molecular biomarkers than ever before. This allows for more accurate diagnoses of gliomas, as well as providing new opportunities for treatment such as targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and precision clinical trials. Molecular pathology has been used to identify specific subtypes of gliomas, which can be used to tailor treatments to individual patients. This article was authored by Rui Chao Chai, Chin Yu Fang, Bo Pang, and others.