 Today we are going to discuss a topic on virtualization in cloud computing. The learning outcome of this topic are at the end of this session the students will be able to explain the different types of virtualization in cloud computing. Also students will be able to identify the need of virtualization in cloud computing. So the virtualization in cloud computing now here we will discuss different types of virtualizations such as hardware or server virtualization, network virtualization, storage, memory, software, data and desktop virtualization. First we will see the introduction of virtualization. Virtualization is a kind of technology that is rapidly transforming the IT landscape and has changed the way people compute. It reduces hardware utilization, saves energy and cost which makes it possible to run multiple applications and various operating systems on the same server at the same time. So it increases the utilization, efficiency, flexibility of existing computer hardware. Now virtualization has three characteristics that makes it ideal for cloud computing. The first characteristic is partitioning. In virtualization many applications and operating systems are supported in a single physical system by partitioning that is separating the available resources. The second characteristic is isolation. Each virtual machine is isolated from its host physical system and other virtualized machine. Because of this isolation if one virtual instance crashes it does not affect the other virtualized machine. So in addition data is not shared between one virtual container and another. The third characteristic is encapsulation. A virtual machine can be represented on a single file. So you can identify it easily based on the service it provides. In a sense the virtual encapsulation process could be a business service. This encapsulated virtual machines can be presented to an application as a complete entity. Therefore encapsulation can protect each application so that it does not interfere with another application. Now we will see the virtualization example. Virtualization is a way to run multiple operating systems and user applications on the same hardware. That is we can run both Windows and Linux on the same laptop. Here you can see how it is different from dual boot. So both operating systems run simultaneously and the operating systems are completely isolated from each other. What makes virtualization possible? There is a software that makes virtualization possible and this software is known as a hypervisor also known as virtualization manager. It sits between the hardware and operating system and assigns the amount of access that the applications and the operating systems have with the processor and other hardware resources. So with the help of hypervisor it is possible to make virtualization. The examples of hypervisors are Hyper-V, Zane, EX, Server, VMware, etc. Now we will see the details of the different types of virtualization. First we will see the hardware or server virtualization. It is the most common type of virtualization as it provides advantages of hardware utilization and application uptime. Hardware virtualization is subdivided into following types that is full, para and partial. In terms of full virtualization it is a complete simulation of the actual hardware takes place to allow software to run an unmodified guest operating system. In para virtualization in this type of virtualization software unmodified runs in modified operating system as a separate system. Then the partial virtualization in this type of virtualization the software may need modification to run. The second one is a network virtualization. It refers to the management and monitoring of a computer network as a single managerial entity from a single software based administrator's console. There are two categories of networks that is internal and external. In internal it provides network like functionality to a single system. External it combines many networks or parts of networks into a virtual unit. Then in terms of a storage virtualization here the multiple network storage resources are present as a single storage device for easier and more efficient management of these resources. It provides various advantages as follows. It improves storage management in heterogeneous IT environment, easy updates, reduced downtime, better storage utilization, automated management. In general there are two types of storage virtualizations. They are block and file. Block works before the file system exists. It replaces the controllers and takes over at the disk level. And in terms of file the server that uses the storage must have software installed on it in order to enable file level usage. Now we will see the memory virtualization. It introduces a way to decouple memory from the server to provide a shared disturbed or network function. It enhances performance by providing greater memory capacity without any addition to the main memory. That's why a portion of a disk drive serves as an extension of main memory. The implementation part, application level integration, then operating system level integration, etc. Software virtualization. It provides the ability to main computer to run and create one or more virtual environments. It is used to enable a complete computer system in order to allow a guest operating system to run. For instance, letting Linux to run as a guest that is natively running a Microsoft Windows OS. So here are the different types of software virtualizations, operating system, application, service. Now we will see the data virtualization. Here we will consider easily manipulate data and know how it is formatted or where it is physically located. It decreases the data errors and workload. Now we will see the desktop virtualization. The introduction part of this is it provides work convenience and security as one can access remotely you are able to work from any location and on any PC. Here in this diagram you will see the virtual desktop infrastructure hosted virtual desktop how they are going to communicate. Now pause a video and write it down your answer state the use of hypervisor in virtualization of cloud computing. Hypervisor or virtual machine monitor runs a guest operating system directly on the CPU. So this only works if the guest OS uses the same instruction set as the host OS. Here in this diagram you are able to see where is the hypervisor is located. In cloud computing you need to support many different operating environments. So the hypervisor become an idle delivery mechanism. The hypervisor is a very practical way of getting things virtualized quickly and efficiently. Now we will see the need of virtualization. Virtualization provides various benefits including saving time and energy, decreasing cost and minimizing overall risk. So also it provides ability to manage resources effectively. It increases productivity as it provides secure remote access. It also provides for data loss prevention. These are the references which I have referred for this particular topic. Thank you one and all.