 Glucosoxidase, geox, has been researched in recent years for treating diseases related to abnormal glucose metabolisms, but its poor stability and system toxicity limit its use in vivo. To overcome these issues, geox is encapsulated in calcium-based biomaterials such as calcium phosphate, cap, and calcium carbonate, CaCO3, resulting in improved stability and reduced side effects due to the excellent bioactivity, biocompatibility, and biodegradability of CaXS. The current state-of-the-art studies on geox-mineralized CaXS are introduced with an emphasis on their application in various biomedical fields including disease diagnosis, cancer treatment, and diabetes management. The challenges and future perspectives of geox-mineralized CaXS are discussed to promote further studies on these smart biomaterials for practical applications. This article was authored by Lianhua Fu, Chow Chi, Tuan Wei Sun, and others.