 and organizers including Autis Krand of Lisabsen for accepting my contribution in this challenging session. The abundant data of prehistoric plant assemblages and the numerous studies made by the author allow the reassessment of the role and value of raw materials in the complexity of chip stone industries. Comparative in diachronic analysis of the assemblages reveals specific features including raw material which elucidate topics such as intra and inter-site relations, networks, social and symbolic messaging, and identity including. The distribution and use of particular raw materials in distinct cultural contexts suggests different values embodied in various raw materials. Those raw materials became a hallmark of community lifestyle in a broader scale for inter-community, local, and super-regional relations. Bulgarian prehistory offers abundant data of the specific use and social values of stone and flint raw materials. Those yearly neolithic chip stone industries of Karanowan cultural alias, part of a super-regional techno complex in the Balkans, are recognizable by formal toolkits made of so-called Balkan flint. For many years, my research has been concerned with the role of flint, including Balkan flint, in the neolithicization of the southeastern Europe, a conventional view of which is presented on the maps. First, it is important to consider the general chronological framework of the Holocene sequence in Bulgaria and the position of the Karanowan cultures in the eponymous tale. On the basis of the numerous flint assemblages studied by me, coming from key early neolithic tales and flat sites, I distinguished and defined a category of formal toolkits made of a distinctive and aesthetically pleasant flint called Balkan flint. Technologically, these toolkits consist mostly of medium to long, regularly shaped blades frequently with uni and bilateral semi abrupt retouch, from marginal to high and steep. And sometimes with rounded and pointed ends. From a technological perspective, this industry reflects the application of indirect percussion, punch technique. Pressure flaking with a bone stick was used for the high and steep retouches. Most of the artifacts of these toolkits possess macro and micro-wire traces of use. One of the main characteristics of the formal tools is their use on sickle inserts, a typical micro-wire complex with typical micro-wire complex, which were inserted uniquely in curved handles, disforming the famous Karanov type of sickles. At the original scale, formal toolkits represent a diagnostic feature of the early neolithic flint assemblages of the Karanov I and II cultures in South Bulgaria, to which belong most of the sites mentioned above. They appear together with the other elements of the full neolithic package of the Karanov I culture. It represents a hallmark of this culture, together with white and red painted pottery, which is part of the so-called Karanov I starchive, criss-courish cultural complex on the Balkans. The spatial distribution of artifacts made of Balkan flint is very extensive and it is interesting to compare this with the distribution of another popular raw material in the Neolithic obsidian in its EG and Quine. The Balkan flint distribution system was one of the two major Neolithic exchange networks operating in south-eastern Europe during the early Neolithic, which were symptomatic of interaction spheres and probably played a crucial role in the neolithicization of respective regions. Balkan flint artifacts have been reported from Neolithic Greece, Serbia, including Vojvodina, Romania, Macedonia, and Hungary. Of particular interest is the presence of artifacts of Balkan flint, formal tools, by the way, among some early Neolithic assemblages is Turkish trace at Hujat-Seshme and Tashkirpinar sites. However, the most surprising find of Balkan flints is the formal toolkit repertoire from the site of Uyghurlu in the island of Yükselda, or Imbrus. Territories usually took off as mediating the spirit of Neolithicization from northwestern Anatolia to the Balkans and subsequently to Europe. It is worth reiterating, pardon, the one of the most striking features of the early Neolithic formal tool kit is the uniform raw materials from which they were made. Yellow, honey, waxy color, white-spotted high-quality flint, which is called in the literature pre-Balkan platform flint or simply Balkan flint. It was defined by the geologist Darnachev as Moesian flint hosted in upper Cretaceous, Chalk and limestone in Northern Bulgaria. Till recently it was not clear if the Balkan flint came from one or more sources in the Moesian platform and if so, where precisely the sources were located. Two years survey and subsequent laboratory analysis were performed in the frame of a project initiated by the author and in total 55 sites, archaeological and geological, were visited and documented. Many raw material samples were collected for analysis among with archaeological samples of Balkan flint from the main early Neolithic sites in Bulgaria. The principal Balkan flint outcrops discovered are located in the Nicopo-Pleven region in the North Bulgarian. LAICP MS analysis of Balkan flint samples have revealed similarity is chemical composition between artifacts and raw materials with a few exceptions, but also marked variations of the analyzed elements owing to the heterogeneity of the flint materials. From the micropetrography of Balkan flint artifacts and raw material, it was possible to distinguish their composition and to identify the host sediments as belonging to the upper Cretaceous maestre formation. In my view, it is now better to use this term for identifying Balkan flint rather than the previously used but less precise term of Moesium flint. Our results were published in a detailed study with extensive supplementary information. The Canculitic period in Bulgaria is known for its numerous manifestations of substantial craft specialization, technological innovation, and hierarchical social organization and stratification. All of this phenomena were and continue to be a matter of particular interest for specialists in prior history. And in this context, the Varna Cedricari is the best social arena available. Typical examples of high technological skill are the extra long or so-called super blades over 25 centimeter long found mainly in mortuary context as burial goods and hordes or cachet coming from domestic context and interpreted as reserves of precious items for future use. In the chronological sequence of Bulgaria, the Calculitic goes back to the fifth millennium Calvici. It is necessary also to point out the sites including in the presentations there are peace cemeteries on the Balkan Sea Durankulak Varna and Kuzareva and three tales in Northern Bulgaria, Sushinas-Meadovo and Kotnitsa. Super blade technology is one of the most challenging problems of the current clean research agenda. The emergence and spread of this technological phenomenon is still unclear but without doubt the best examples of super blades derived from the Varna cemetery including the longest blade ever found for three centimeters long deposit in barrel one. According to Jacques Pellegrin and Lawrence Manuel Kaki studies three methods of debitage are tested among the blades from the Varna cemetery in their percussion for large scale domestic manufacture standing pressure with a long punch device or crutch for the elegant, thin, long blades and little pressure with a copper pointed pressure stick for super blades more than 35 centimeters long. Inevitably the super blades invoke a question about raw material allowing such a sophisticated copper preparation and debitage technique. According to the results of the geological studies conducted by Chevdarnachev the best quality flimped in Bulgaria among four distinct geological horizons which was extremely used in prehistoric times is located in the Ludogorje area in low cretaceous option limestones and called Ludogorje of Don Roger Flint. It's excellent petrographic properties determined its use for general large scale domestic needs as well as for the most elaborate manufacture of extra long super blades for ritual purposes in the funerary domain. On the basis of thin section observations not to distribute described, pardon two main flimped types, Ravno and Crivorica. In the context of the mentioned above project 31 new representative flint samples 12 raw materials and 19 artifacts were selected for petrographical analysis and the geochemistry by LAICPMS and apart from both known types of flint a third one was identified only among the raw material samples. Both have known Crivorica flints possess favorable properties for laminar production which determine their use in the large scale subsistence and household activities during the calculating period. As for the production of super blades unavoidably the Ravno type of flint was preferentially used because of its large nodules extremely fine and smooth fracture and last but not least its aesthetical features yellow browning collar or pack with concentric zonal structure and or whitish amorphous pots. A distinctive feature is the thin white silica carbonate contours. There are several Ravno types outcrops located in the vicinity of Tetevoravno, Kamelov, Topchi and Kubrat in north-eastern Bulgaria. The distribution of flugoric flint during the calculating is well documented beyond present-day Bulgaria in northern Greece, Moldavia, Romania and Ukraine. Exceptionally large flint nodules about 60 centimeters were needed for primary napping and core manufacture and there is an area in north-eastern Bulgaria the Ravno-Kamenov complex which was tilled and defined by Orasman Wakakis as a very extensive workshop revealing a complete channel pretoir from the acquisition of large flint nodules in Ravno secondary deposits through core manufacturing, maintaining and exploitation using different removal techniques including glitter pressure to the stage of tool fashioning. This is still the only known workshop in this scale identified by the abundance of core-shaping artifacts, cores and debris and by the large number of blanks and tools made of Ravno type flint. Let's look now briefly at some of the most spectacular finds of superglades most of which have already been studied and published by the author. And it is worth emphasizing that none of the superglades has detectable use-ware traces. I'll start with so-called hordes or cache of long blades found during the excavations of tail settlements ergo in domestic context sensu-latu but without any direct relation with archaeological structures, houses, pits, et cetera. From Simeon Hotel are several hordes of blades mainly untouched, many of them with pronounced profile curvature. Among them, there are a dozen that could be classified as superblades but none of them possess utilization crisis. A remarkable recent discovery of a horde of 11 long blades come from tail sushi-na from a trench lacking any archaeological features. All blades are made of radon flint. They belong together in terms of their morphometric parameters but they are not direct repeats. Here are the details of their length and technological characteristics. Most of them were removed by lever pressure and none of them has been used. The most spectacular horde of long blades including superblades was found at Tel-Hotnitsa again from an area devoid of archaeological features. Here you see their location and discovery in situ. Their morphometric characteristics point to more than one nucleus and three repeats have been made. Most of the blades were removed using lever pressure but some of the buds and bulbs do not exclude the use of indirect percussion. As for their appearance in the mortuary domains there are three cemeteries offering superblades as votive-grade goods emphasizing the high hierarchical status of the disease. A duranculac with 1,200 burials and a long chronological sequence from the late Neolithic to the final copper age there are only three superblades belonging to the late Calculatic Varna culture. At the Varna cemetery there are 10 superblades varying slightly in visual appearance due to the raw material specificity and the fact that some of them have ochre on the surface. It is noteworthy that some fragments of certain superblades were used after fragmentation but none of the complete superblades has detectable utilization prices. Last, the most recent discovered cemetery near Kuzarovotel where the excavation are still in progress produced three blades, one of each is a superblade detached by lever pressure and locking use wear prices. To sum up, the Hort's artifacts in general represent a special category of finds indicating particular attention was paid to these artifacts based on their real or anticipated values or on their anticipated future views. In any event, the Hort suggests they were considered precious by their owners. The flint superblades from mortuary context reveal a separate sphere of their life. They bear symbolic value and votive function in ritual practices. Their purpose and function would be long and representative and tired and unused as it was proposed by Urasman Lukakis and confirmed by my use wear analysis paper.