 Implementation science aims to better understand factors that facilitate or hinder implementation and generate evidence for effective implementation strategies. The article suggests five priorities to enhance the impact of these strategies, including enhancing methods for designing and tailoring strategies, specifying and testing mechanisms of change, conducting more effectiveness research, increasing economic evaluations, and improving tracking and reporting. These priorities aim to advance implementation science by understanding when, where, why, and how implementation strategies improve implementation effectiveness and health outcomes. This article was authored by Byron J. Powell, Byron J. Powell, Byron J. Powell, and others.