 Welcome to the AI for Good Global Summit 2018. My next guest is David Lee. He is the founder of the Shenzhen Open Innovation Lab. Mr Lee, thank you for joining us. Thank you. Glad to be here. Mr Lee, to start with, can you take us through the advances in technology of the past 30 years and how it's allowed a technology like AI to blossom? Yeah, well, I think there are three forces which bring us to where we are today. For every innovations, we need the knowledge. We need a tool to innovate. And we need a production capacity to make it real. I think in the past 30 years, we have opened up every single one of these stages. First of all, the opening up of knowledge. With Internet, we have a distribution of knowledge. Now today, anyone anywhere on earth with simple access to Internet can get the AI course and AI education from top universities where that be Oxford, Cambridge, MIT, Stanford. So that's opening up of knowledge. And second of all, past 30 years, the big push in the open source software. Today, every single one of the AI foundational software, TensorFlow, Cafe, everything, they are open source. And again, anyone with Internet access can download the tool and use it. And the third part, which is what China, and especially my city, Shenzhen comes into play. So, Shenzhen today makes about 90% of the global electronics, especially in the information technology area. And in the past 30 years, what happened in Shenzhen is it democratized productions. Now, producing the body to carry all this information technology is no longer exclusive to big companies. Small companies, small makers, two people companies, they can come to Shenzhen and take their ideas to realize. So, coming back is the, we are standing in a very different era. Now, a kid, whether this, a kid, well, young person, 20 something young person, whether or not you are standing in San Francisco, in Geneva, in London, or in Lagos, in Nairobi, in Shanghai, in Shenzhen, you are at the same standing. You have same access to the three open systems. At this point, we started to look into thinking about how to drive the new innovations, especially AI. AI is awesome technology, but one thing people don't talk about AI is the AI makes programming easy. So, instead of trying to figure out how to program a computer to do very complicated tests, to identify a photos, you just teach computers, you give them photos, you give them photos of cats, until computer is cat. You don't have to figure out how to write a program, write an algorithm to describe cat. You only have to give them pictures of cats. And that is actually a powerful tool. It captures human knowledge without the bottleneck of programmers. And from there is the, now we're starting to look at these new combinations. Anyone interested in the knowledge can get the knowledge. Anyone interested in the technology can get the technology. Anyone in figure now plays a thing to embody that solutions can start in a small business. So, this I think is the AI is already a force for good. And this force can be leveraged by everyone. But I think the discussion today we have is mostly still assuming this idea of AI being this cutting-edge technology is exclusive to certain people. We are under this assumption it's exclusive to certain people. And that's why we have meeting when we talk about AI for good. We talk about inclusions. We talk about not being evil. But it's really what happened in the past. It's the, we selectively given small group of individuals too much power, too much concentration of powers in a few of the internet companies. People talk about power corrupt and absolute power really just will corrupt anyone. Okay. So, we've got to be careful to ensure that AI is not too concentrated or does not belong to just a handful of individuals. That's very important to open up the technology and to make sure that everyone has access to it. I would actually take it to the next step and say, well, we are already there. We have been seeing beautiful projects leveraging AI not from San Francisco, not from Shanghai, not even from Shenzhen. We see them in Addis Ababa. We see them in Nairobi. And these are just genuine people who take this tool, try to do good for their community. And right now it's the, they already exist. They are already out there. Right now it's the, we don't see them. They have no visibility. We're still thinking about the old metaphor of this. You have to be certain kind of people, education background, country of origin, where you are doing your things. There seems to still that assumption about AI being, these are the creators and controllers of AI. But AI is a generic tool. AI is just like internet. You broaden the access. Everybody can do something with it. I think it's important to recognize we are already there. But the narrative of how we are talking about AI is still on this, well, this is the, this is the realm of the exclusive group. And do you think that here at the AI for good global summit, we are taking the right steps to ensure that AI is democratized? Yeah. Well, I think they are very interesting. I was sitting through, this is an awesome conference. I was sitting through different, a different discussion. And they actually, you can see very two very distinct group of discussions. Those who put the AI on the ground in the actual practice. And this group of people talks about AI as, yeah, it's a nice tool. There's a lot of new use we can do with it. And it's easy. It's, it's easy. Let me do things I couldn't do before. And so that was those on the ground discussion, not talking about this scary future of AI. They're like, nice tool. And then there's another group who are more about the abstract thinking of AI. But somehow the AI being brought into discussion is not a reality of AI, but the Hollywood version of AI. So a lot of talks about this AI being this new overload super beings overseeing us. Well, I mean, I think most of the experts in the field agree. The sentient being AI is not in our lifetime. It's not for now. It's not just we cannot build, we, it's not just we don't have the resource to build it. We don't even have the knowledge to build it. It is going to take another public decades of research into it. But we start, then that's on the other side, we're starting to worry about the AI in that way. Then, but we lump it together. So it's kind of interesting. But it's good to have a very mixed interaction between these two. Of course, Mr Lee, thank you very much. Thank you.