 Chapter 19 Secondary Sexual Characters of Man The differences between man and woman causes of such differences and of certain characters common to both sexes, law of battle, differences in mental powers and voice, on the influence of beauty in determining the marriages of mankind, attention paid by savages to ornaments, their ideas of beauty in woman, the tendency to exaggerate each natural peculiarity. With mankind the differences between the sexes are greater than in most of the quadrimana, but not so great as in some, for instance the mandrel. Man on an average is considerably taller, heavier and stronger than woman, with squarer shoulders and more plainly pronounced muscles. Owing to the relation which exists between muscular development and the projection of the brows, the supercellar ridge is generally more marked in man than in woman. His body, and especially his face, is more hairy, and his voice has a different and more powerful tone. In certain races, the women are said to differ slightly in tint from the men. For instance, Schweinfurt, in speaking of a negris belonging to the monbotous, who inhabit the interior of Africa a few degrees north of the equator, says, like all her race, she had a skin several shades lighter than her husband's, being something of the color of half-roasted coffee. As the women labor in the fields and are quite unclothed, it is not likely that they different color from the men owing to less exposure to the weather. Some women are perhaps the brighter color of the two sexes, as may be seen when both have been equally exposed. Man is more courageous, pugnacious and energetic than woman, and has a more inventive genius. His brain is absolutely larger, but whether or not proportionately to his larger body has not, I believe, been fully ascertained. In woman the face is rounder, the jaws and the base of the skull smaller, the outlines of the body rounder, in parts more prominent, and her pelvis is broader than a man. The comparison of the form of the skull in men and women has been followed out with much care by Velker, but this latter character may perhaps be considered rather as a primary than a secondary sexual character. She comes to maturity at an earlier age than man. As with animals of all classes, so with man, the distinctive characters of the male sex are not fully developed until he is nearly mature, and if emasculated they never appear. The beard, for instance, is a secondary sexual character, and male children are beardless, though at an early age they have abundant hair on the head. It is probably due to the rather late...