 Good afternoon everybody and welcome to this session where we are going to be discussing possibly one of the most emotional Important areas of life for so many billions of people around the world, which is around the ideas of faith My name is Kamal Ahmed. I'm the editor-in-chief and co-founder of the news movement We are a business all about communication and content creation for younger demographics across the world and we may get on to younger demographics generation Zed 18 to 25 and their thoughts about faith and spirituality and different notions of what religion is but really we're here today to speak about the often essential role that faith and religion plays in the types of society We live in and at a time when there are such tensions between nations At a time when there is such concern about the economy Everything overridden by concern about climate. What role does faith have does religion have in bringing together business government civil society communities in trying to find some solutions to some of those big problems That we face we're going to be joined with this expert panel for the next 45 minutes for a fascinating discussion about the role of faith and Keeping faith as an important part of the societies that we all live in and the communities We live with so I have a wonderful group of people here to discuss some of these Vital issues on my far left Alexis Crowe who is partner Global head geopolitical investing at PWC welcome Alexis And then Farhan Latif President of the El Hibri Foundation in the USA. Welcome Farhan Barry Dougal Principal representative of the Baha'i international community United Nations office welcome and Jonathan Greenblatt CEO of the anti-deformation league in the USA great to have you here. Thank you so much for joining This session we will be coming to this wonderful audience here for questions towards the last 15 minutes of this 45 minute session And welcome everyone who is joining us watching the live stream of this event Alexis, can I start with you? I think it'd be lovely for people just to hear from each of the panel just Your faith journey to an extent and how faith maybe affects The world you live in and what you do and your perspective on this big debate Thank you so much. It's an honor and privilege to be with this distinguished panel today and I'm very humbled to Represent the world economic forum a young global leader community here Which is a leadership development program bringing people from all different cultures and continents together to build a more inclusive and sustainable future and For me keeping faith is an essential foundation for that premise and for those huge goals and immense goals By my day today, I work as a global economist and I help corporations and private pools of capital around the globe To navigate the macroeconomic environment in which they make their decisions to navigate this very complex geopolitical landscape in which we all operate as Well as as to think about the long term and as you mentioned key negative externalities such as climate and from my purview and I reside in the United States We live in this age of hyper polarization and We're seeing secretary Yellen talk about the implications of this, you know with with the potential You know for the debt ceiling and issues in the United States the economic spillovers of this I also work regularly with foreign pools of capital who view the hyper polarization in the United States as a Significant risk for increasing their portfolio allocation to the United States So what I'd like to focus on today is is the specific spillovers of this Polarization in the business and investing landscape and in America have this distinction of woke versus Maga and I was speaking about this the other night and and someone said please elaborate So for those who are not familiar with the terminology woke is a pejorative term To describe progressive elements of the left and the community of the left in the United States Which is I would say derived from the term awakened And Maga is of course the acronym for former president Trump's campaign of making America great again and there are these exchange trade of funds which focus on GOP and Maga investing There are express investment communities in the United States that will say we will do woke investing or we will do Maga investing so I have sovereign investors who are very concerned again about this landscape and Nowhere is this clear than on the environment And when we look at the entire lens of ESG environmental social governance criteria for business One can argue that the environmental piece is the furthest along in terms of codification and reporting and Still businesses boards executives are concerned And I hear this regularly that by living up to goals to move toward 1.5 net zero futures that this might erode the underlying economic value of their company and so we stand in this environment today where whole companies and investors and Individuals are getting held to task by state and municipal governments For their policies and for taking a stand not only on the environment, but also on social issues And what I see is particularly a Dynamic of this is that there is a huge chasm between the younger generations and a lot of these investors and executives and We can use the environment example where younger generations and we see this in the global risk report that we've put out younger generations feel that executives have Blasted through global reserves be it debt or be it on the environment and that's at the cost of the future growth for these generations So we need to look at the precepts for moving forward for how companies and executives can address this In a way that reaches across Generations in a way that reaches across generational divides and political divides and also in a way that reaches across cultures And we can get into that as well So I had identified in my own journey some precepts that can be brought forward and That is specifically relating to Catholic social teaching that emerges in the 19th century And this is Pope Leo the 13th's rear of Navarra men's cyclical and he looks at the questions of social justice that have been raised by Marxism and this juxtaposition versus of labor versus capital and this asks new questions about the human relationship to work and What comes out of this as well as developed with John Paul II in the age of globalization and looking at the questions of economic life And morality with different cultures around the world And there are three concepts that for me emerge that can be brought forward by the business community One is solidarity and we saw this very clearly with the solidarity with essential workers during the COVID pandemic The second is subsidiarity that everyone no matter what their education no matter what their cultural background Has a role to play in economic life and can and should be Sustained accordingly the third is the dignity of work and this is actually gets quite divisive with students at Columbia Business School We talk about the dignity of work and this is that every human being has the right to Participate and the freedom to participate into economic life So those are the three concepts and I'm happy to be able to break them down into practical suggestions as well That's fantastic ladies. What how interesting to immediately connect What too many would appear to be the totally rational world of investment? With actually some of the principles of faith-based thinking so great start. Thank you so much Alexis Farhand tell us a little bit about your story. We had a fabulous coffee we were able to get together before this before this panel session and You just told a remarkable story about your journey into realizing the importance of faith for Community resilience for example, just just give us a flavor of the journey. You've been on sure. Thank you Kamal I really appreciated that and you know before I jump in I I wanted to offer a trigger warning to people in the audience Preparing for this session and I told them I'm coming here. I told me don't use the words religion faith in God and You know and so I just asked people to translate that enough to mindfulness purpose driven spirituality The joking aside, I'm honored to be here and Really grateful to the World Economic Forum for hosting this important conversation You know, I was privileged to grow up as a child two loving parents who Because of their work constantly had to travel from city to city and country to country growing up and I had the chance to live most of my life growing up in either a context of living in Muslim majority communities and places like Dubai and Doha Karachi, but also then living as a minority as a Muslim and Ultimately when it came to time for college I moved to Washington DC or moved to the US and you know during that time when I was in college I remember one day sitting in the library and Seeing a group of people a group of students praying in the corner behind the books and offering their sunset prayer and a security guard comes in and Escorts them all out of the library at that time and at that time I With the advice of the administration went ahead and formulated and started a club on campus And it's called the Muslim Student Association and that was the way to Help these students have a place to pray And the first day that I was the president of the MSA was 9-11 So I Was in grief and in horror watching and mourning the lives of the 3000 or so Innocent lies that were lost But I had no idea the backlash that was just put into motion the next day a Professor comes on to campus and pushes the Muslim student down the steps and flushes a copy of the Quran down the toilet My aunt is walking to Joanne fabrics to her job and a guy pulls over and says go back to where you came from and spat on her and You know, this was her realizing her American dream and I Remember, you know the first man that was shot in the country was a Man wearing a turban. He was sick. It's not even Muslim And so there was this tremendous uptick in hate crimes during that time Mosques were being burned You know people being attacked and I too at that time remember walking out of my apartment and Getting attacked beaten down and They tried to run a car over me So it was extremely extremely painful time and the implications were felt even stronger for other communities when I look at Black communities black Muslim communities. I mean they were facing You know becoming a triple minority and dealing with Islamophobia and racism So However, during this time I also faced and experienced the greatest form of allyship as well specifically from Jewish Christian communities and sometimes people of no faith who stepped up and you know provided Solidarity allyship and use their power provision platform to stand by our communities So I think it's that journey that 20 years later now. I find myself at a philanthropy called the al-Hebri Foundation it was started by a Muslim man and his from Lebanese background and his wife from a German Catholic background and they both had lived through The war in Lebanon and also had been protectors of Jewish communities through the Holocaust And that's the work that inspires what we do today. So our work is investing in leaders cross-sector leaders and institutions that are working for advancing inclusion working across difference and we do so by Investing in religious literacy capacity building and our work is grounded in contact theory With the hope to inspire a generation of leaders who can work across difference to improve society Farhan, thank you so much. Thank you for your honesty as well in some of the pain that you you personally experienced But also many communities experienced after those awful events of 9-11. So we're very grateful for that Barney can I come to you? Tell us your journey now the Baha'i faith will maybe not be as well known as some Faith so I would love to hear a little bit about those approaches But as well as hearing a lot about your journey and this notion of how Faith has maybe helped us consider different ways of supporting communities and society in general Thank you. Thank you so much and thank you to both of you for your Sharing and sharing your personal journeys I was born in New Delhi and I was raised in a Sikh family We were a practicing Sikh family. I learned the faith at the knee of my grandmother and my mother and My parents Lived in Delhi. They had friends from all over the country of every religion and and my father worked for a British Firm so that he traveled a lot and he had they had friends from Every country in the world practically that would visit India and visit our home. So I grew up with a sense of understanding of diversity and the beauty of it and Embraced it quite early on I went to boarding school where again there would You know students from all all Fates and traditions and our morning assembly. We prayed in all religious All religious prayers and then as an adult, of course, you get on with your life. I became a lawyer I was practicing at the Supreme Court. I had two young children and Then Mrs. Gandhi was assassinated. So it's funny how there are various political moments In life that you know become that defining moment for one and she was killed by to seek Bodyguards because in the wake of the Desecration of the Golden Temple by the Indian Army, etc. I'm not going to go into a history lesson here but it became a time when Sikhs became and and her assassination was followed by riots and Sikhs were butchered in New Delhi, which was the capital city of the country and We had never ever conceived of something like that happening and the Sikhs including my in-laws became very concerned and started talking about moving to Punjab where we'll be safe and and of course I've shared my background I couldn't even conceive of going off and living but you know in a little commune somewhere and so anyhow in the meantime, I'd had two sons and They both had a little top knot so the baby just had a little ponytail sticking up there and we moved to the US My husband at the time wanted to do his LLM and I did mine as well soon after But the question of religion was very much present in my life now because I felt the Responsibility towards my sons and I wanted to raise them in faith and much as I loved Sikhism and everything it stood for I was torn by the whole identity issue, etc. And the inward-looking Nature of the community at that time, it's not today. I'm glad to say but and Then I had learnt of the Baha'i faith had been reading about it and it just struck me as everything I believed in the core beliefs of the Baha'is are the oneness of humanity the unity and diversity that all people come from the same source all religions emanate from the same source and Baha'i houses of worship are open to everyone and everybody comes in you're welcome to Read whatever writings from whichever whichever religion you wish to and and that's how we pray together with others so that was the most natural sort of religious expression for me and I embraced it and And then of course I told you I did my LLM in environmental law and while I loved studying it Didn't like the practice. It was very regulatory and in some ways unfair and that's a discussion for another time So I ended up coming to the Baha'i international community's UN office in New York To volunteer for a short while before I figured out what I wanted to do and that was in 1994 I am still there and I absolutely loved my work Gender equality is a very important principle for Baha'i's and so I did a lot of work in that area It was a passion of mine even before I became a Baha'i and then of course we have You know faith communities around the world are engaging in Along with their collaborators in conversations about what's important for humanity today And that is what we do and you know, sometimes I'm guilty being paid for what I'm doing because it's these all Things that I hold dear to my heart and apparently to the microphone too, but sorry and Yeah, so so that's what we do at the UN office and I look forward to talking more I don't want to take up too much. Yeah, it's wonderful to hear how those personal connections often sometimes you say with very Violent historic moments Become part of people's journey on in faith and makes them consider where faith lives in their lives It's been interesting how emotional this has felt this discussion Which I think is is part of why faith has this such a powerful role, but Jonathan Take us through it wouldn't immediately appear Obvious maybe to many people why the anti-defamation League would be something where faith Can play a big role before maybe getting on to that bit just your journey and Maybe reflections a bit on the some of the emotion that we've already heard on this panel Yeah, I mean it's what a privilege is to be here at in Davos and Humbling they have the opportunity to share the stage with such an esteemed group and like I'm moved by everything that I've heard My journey well, so I grew up in a traditional Jewish home But Judaism was something we did on Friday night. We kept Shabbat Judaism is something that I do. I Maintain a kosher diet Judaism is something that I do privately and Then for me I spent most of my career in business. I had been brought into the White House my president Obama I ran the innovation office in the West Wing and the plan was with my wife and kids to go back to California and To go do something in business like to raise a fund after my public service and I Got a call from a headhunter about this job at the ADL Which seemed like a very interesting call Certainly out of as we say left field In ADL is the oldest anti-hate organization in the US. It was founded a hundred and ten years ago To fight anti-Semitism That's the mission It says it in the charter they wrote in 1913 It uses the law and advocacy To and it has you know again for over a century to fight for Jews and other communities The founding ethos of the organization. I mean the words in the mission are quote It's purpose is to stop the defamation of the Jewish people and Secure justice in fair treatment to all So it's so interesting is when it was founded a hundred and ten years ago Jews in America didn't have Significant cultural capital or social standing. They were a weak and vulnerable community There was systemic discrimination in America against Jews in lots of areas education healthcare You know occupations, etc And yet these and the the catalyzing event that created ADL was the lynching of this Jewish man Was falsely accused of a crime? wrongly convicted and hung from a tree outside of Atlanta and while the body was still hanging from the rope the Town gathered around and they held a picnic underneath the corpse They took photographs Turned the took pictures turn the photographs into souvenirs and gave them out You can still find them in parts of the South So Aida was founded in this moment of severe stress against the Jewish community But what's so interesting at a time when we talk about intersectionality and social justice These Jews said we will fight for ourselves and we will fight for others Again, we take those words for granted today Everybody believes that our struggles are interconnected, but a hundred and ten years ago. That was an audacious Outrageous idea and one could theoretically say you can't even take care of yourselves But there's a Jewish ethos and it's kind of exemplified by the words of Hillel this famous sage Who said if I am not for myself who will be but if I am only for myself What am I? So it is not a the founding idea of ADL the fact this core principle of Judaism is This notion that Jews can only be safe if everyone is safe and only when everyone has justice Can the Jewish people have justice and I and I say that I mean you could you know You could if you will sum up the whole Talmud, you know as doing to others as you have them doing to you So all of this is to say when I got a call about this job. I thought I'm not a lawyer I've never worked a nonprofit and Jewish was something that I did on Saturdays But I called my rabbi The guy by the name of David Wolpe who runs a Ministers a very large congregation Los Angeles. I said rabbi Wolpe. What do I do? I don't think I'm qualified for this and Rabbi Wolpe said it's a call to service and he said in so many words, you know the Lord works in mysterious ways And so I took the job Not really knowing how this would go and you know to answer your question ultimately come all like I feel Really blessed. I mean the work is hard fighting hate every day Against Jews against Muslims against Baha'i against, you know different Christian sex Hindus the Asian-american the LGBTQ community. It is hard hard stuff and yet and yet I think about what Alexis said you will never have safety unless you have security and solidarity and I think while it's exhausting work. It's energizing and it renews my faith on a daily basis Fantastic Jonathan a again. Thank you for sharing that and be again that touch which you've Farhand and Barney you've both brought out that out of stress has come something amazing that Leinching story. I've not heard before and it's astonishingly powerful we want this session to be about concrete examples of what can be done In that fight every day as you say Jonathan against hate Polluting the societies that we live in joined by a you're all based in the US. So this will be Somewhat geographically specific sometimes, but we might go on to other points, but Alexis Give us some concrete examples that the audience to people watching on the live stream can take away and maybe be able to take into Their communities their neighborhoods their countries their businesses to help them consider how faith can support What we all hope is a journey towards a better society Thank you. Come on. So As we're sitting in the privileged landscape of the Swiss Alps with business leaders I had focused on three tangible examples for business leaders across sectors across geographies And so the first one on solidarity, it's interesting You know, we're we're joined here by the chairman Klaus Schwab who's written so much on the stakeholder concept And this is really embedded in German corporate behavior Where you're really looking to the employee for co-ownership of a company Where you're really looking to bring in an employee into the governance structure of a company Which standing in America where I've been in the corporate landscape. That's rare You know big tech has done that But I think we really have a long way to go Milton Friedman and the shareholder concept still rears its ugly head and so that needs to be addressed as well So just thinking about forms of co-ownership and governance the second on subsidiarity I've been laughing with with a friend in the audience today that climate is very much a dominant theme here Overly dominating theme, but what's interesting about that is one industry body has actually looked at okay The majority of climate financing that's raised in the spiritual home of climate, which is Europe remains in Europe and If we're going to look to other countries who need to get along and ahead in the energy transition I'm thinking about huge carbon emitters like India Looking across pockets of developing Asia. There has to be a de-risking and an engagement with these communities. So I think Large pools of capital will have to think about how we are bringing other cultures along in this I can't just stay in Europe where I know, you know, the assets will be profitable I may have to take on more risk and go to other cultures. So that's one on subsidiarity The second on it connected to that on subsidiarity and connected to the dignity of work is on education and Historically education has been conceived of particularly in the US as a public outlay that is This is not for the private sector to invest in It's something, you know, that gets a lot of people indebted and governments indebted But increasingly what we're seeing in a positive development in the emergence from the pandemic is Companies and investors actually taking on the responsibility to upskill their workforces themselves to offer Apprenticeship programs themselves in this very tight labor market that we've been operating in to be able to offer college education To their workers to keep them on staff To be able to help provide management skilling for those that haven't had the grace of being able to go to a business school And so more and more actually think that investment in human capital Will be the next part of the ESG landscape and the social criteria specifically that companies and investors will have to focus on and By that everyone wins. I'm reminded of the late Steve Jobs When he pushed his deputy Wozniak and he said, you know, we Can't keep investing in upskilling our people because then they're just going to leave and Wozniak looks at jobs and says, well, what if we don't? Absolutely Barney tell us a little about some practical Examples given such a great length of time. You've had this amazingly enjoyable job as you've told us Where if it's business if it's communities if it's non-governmental organizations Government where you've seen some real concrete examples of positive change Yeah, so I I believe faith communities everywhere in the world We may live in the US. I certainly do and I represent the Bahá'í international community to the UN But we have communities all over the world in every country Even if they're in small numbers and they're working together with others to build strong communities and They do this by having Conversations about what's important and what's necessary for the community and out of that organically we have Numerous programs that emerge that Are meant to strengthen the economic life the spiritual life the lives of the children of the communities where they live and I'll give you some concrete examples in We longer Zambia apologies to the residents of that town If I mispronounce the name There were there were these Programs for junior youth between the ages of 10 and 16 To talk about the well-being of their community, etc. And these young Children had been walking around and noticed that some of the ponds in their village Had because of climate change The Biodiversity of these ponds had degraded and They came to the adults and had a conversation and started a program on building a healthier biodiversity in the ponds and and Thinking about sustainable fishing because there had been over fishing in some of these areas which have resulted in this problem and now that Region has a thriving fishing but also a sustainable way of working and it very much came out of that You know faith lens because they wanted to give back to their community during COVID in countries like Kazakhstan and Kurdistan There were online conversations taking place about how to maintain thriving communities and They found government officials civil society actors Co-religionists members of other religions were joining these conversations to Think about ways to sustain The life the community life in their societies We have the it used to be known as the European Baha'i business forum, but now it's European business for ethical something I'm Ethical business forum, sorry and They are engaging with business leaders To have conversations about ethical business practices, so there are many I mean I could go into Several business projects, etc. That have emerged from The conversations that we are having within the community along with others Fantastic see some examples that Jonathan Just a couple of examples that maybe you're proudest of in terms of as you say it's energizing, but it's tough Fighting hate so anti-agent hate crimes are up reportedly 164% last year 164% We saw in 2021 a mass causing there were six Asian American Six Asian American women were killed in Atlanta I'm proud of the fact that ADL Incubated an organization to protect the Asian American Pacific Islander community over the course of 18 months. We hired Trained provide a back office and then help roll out something called the Asian American Foundation You can see it online at taa f.org and we raised over a billion dollars Over 1.1 billion dollars for a API causes I'm proud of that. I'm proud of in 2017 when anti xenophobic Hateful anti-immigrant anti-latino crimes were way up in harassment We worked with the government of Mexico and provided training to over 2000 Mexican and like South American Which is the Central South American diplomatic officials on? Hate crimes and extremism we developed training in Spanish for them So that when Mexican nationals of Salvador and nationals who are afraid to go to the police to report ant harassment against them and their Children and their parents they would go to the consulates the consulates knew how to support them Because ADL offices provided Hundreds of training that reach thousands of people And I'm particularly proud of the fact that you know anti-semitism in America is going in the wrong direction We just released data last week. It reached the highest point. We've seen in 30 years From 11% of the population in 2019 Expressing strongly held anti-semitic views to 20% almost double three years Anti-semitic incidents acts of harassment vandalism and violence. We've been tracking it for 45 years It reached an all-time high in 2021. I think the 2022 data, which we haven't finalized yet will be worse and yet We are now working more closely not only with synagogue schools JCCs, etc To make sure that our community is prepared and able to defend itself We're also now working with black churches HBC use Asian American houses of worship and community centers Hindu temple seek good war as to provide support for them through a new coalition. We created and Ultimately, you know look for all the protective work that we do we work with law enforcement We train one of the highlights of my career at ADL was last year It's like a year ago almost to the day to the January 15th There was the hostage crisis in Colleyville, Texas We're a radicalized an individual subscribed to kind of been radicalized online by Isis Or excuse me Al Qaeda went from the UK to Texas and took a rabbi and three people hostage It was a horrible incident after on an 11-hour standoff They were all freed and in his first interview on Monday morning the rabbi said before I take your question to Gale King He said I want to thank FBI local law enforcement and ADL for the training that saved our lives That was highly and that guy rabbi Charlie now works for ADL so while the issues are serious and severe the Solidarity that I'm seeing within the Jewish community and from others is really encouraging what we if we can replicate What we do for the Jewish community for the Latino community for the a Asian American community Diana Lots of things you can do together isn't there and that's some powerful storytelling there. Thank you so much Jonathan Farhand give us Some of the examples that you've been working with through the work you do sure I really appreciate our panelists have shared in the stories and You know the first story is of course COVID, but I feel like you covered a bit of it to demonstrate how faith communities used their social capital For social cohesion, but you know, we'll get into that maybe if we have some time in the Q&A the one story that I do want to share specifically on this is About a tri-sector collaboration That you know as a funder you get to see some of the bright spots of collaborations happening across the nation and In one specific example after the 2016 elections You could see an uptick in hate crimes Election season is really the time when polarization and fragmentation fragmentation is at its peak and I'm really again concerned about Next year or 2024 as we you know look look ahead, but during this time when Islamophobia Cases were high Antisemitism was rising the rise of white supremacy and neo-nazi movements Two business leaders came forward One Jewish one Muslim and Who are running? Corporate leaders were running well-trusted brands Henry shine and Ethan Allen and so these two corporate leaders Stepped up Stanley Bergman who's in the room here today and Farooq Khatwari and they came together and brought together a diverse Cross-section of leaders to form an advisory group called the Muslim Jewish Advisory Council and And they brought You know their corporate background housed in a civil society institution To really think about you know how to address You know what is going on and it was bringing two unlikely partners that yes Everyone recognizes that times may have differing views and perspectives on international affairs But have a lot to do in terms of shared purpose and interest on a domestic level and This partnership is incredible because it led to Legislative action By by passing bipartisan legislation You know that focused on protecting religious minorities houses of worship And looking at hate crimes and they ensured that hate crimes were being reported and acted upon and You know essentially when this happens You're making sure that if somebody goes and attacks somebody because of the way they look or pray or burn down a place of worship That it will not be a minor offense that action will be taken and addressed and in doing so you're not just protecting religious minorities You're protecting everybody This is also interesting because it was an action that backed by Business leaders also had bipartisan support so Democrats and Republicans came together to do this It's a concrete example of how CEOs and I think it's so relevant to have this conversation here at Davos where CEOs can step up and really prevent a society from going off the cliff and Maintaining social fabric. It's also an example where CEOs Can stand up publicly identify with their faith background and That in itself signals greater inclusion and belonging within business and society and Finally, you know, I think it demonstrates how business and faith communities can converge on shared values Standing up for civil rights human rights Dignity of people and religious freedom Farham, thank you so much. I'm very aware of the time and I have to apologize to everyone that we're not gonna have time for a Q&A So I'm just so sorry about that. That's my fodder's timekeeper The panel will be here. Sadly, not for those on the streaming service But the panel will be here for a few minutes after us. So please do continue the conversation in the last 90 seconds That we do have to get though. Let's like to come to each of the panel with their eye on the clock at the back of the room there if you could Just a couple of words to maintain the optimist optimistic flavor that the four of you have Constructed so powerfully out of the stress points For many of these journeys in faith that we have spoken about on this panel But Alexis, could I come to you for just two or three powerful words that can help us leave this panel With a sense of optimism Thank you. I think about The human person which is increasingly Under threat from machines and AI and development and what I would say is I'm actually quite buoyant not only from this panel But also the emergence from the pandemic That the human person and the subject and the dignity of the human person can be carried forward in this age of Automation in this age of negative externalities That there is solidarity amongst faith and communities and business leaders to be able to address these challenges I'm actually quite hopeful great farhand two words Go I'm I think the the panel the subject of the panel was keeping faith and I think it's this idea of having optimism and hope And if I could just add the report to the World Economic Forum has written on the role of faith communities It's really worth looking at so fantastic. Thank you so much time is against us. I'm so sorry I saw you nodding in agreement. I'm sure some powerful words would have come through you my super powerful Panel, thank you so much for such a thoughtful emotional and optimistic Conversation, thank you audience and thank you everyone for watching