 your income, how to manage it, an income generated from your income itself. And what is the, what I have understood is the power of 72 and then power of compounding as to how these all things can help you to understand your financial planning in the right way. All these aspects amongst us we have Rajesh Jan straight from Andhra Pradesh and Telangana was created in this feed. And since it's office time for a lot of people, and as well as for the quotas in some places, you request Mr. Jan to take things forward. Amongst us, we also have Justice Roshan Dalvi, a former judge from Bombay High Court, who has taken so many sessions and we are always indebted in this regard to Justice Roshan Dalvi for sharing her knowledge on this platform. But as they say, today show all big belongs to Mr. Rajesh Jan. Oh dear Rajesh. Yeah. Thank you, sir. So before we start, I would just like to share a brief about me. I'm Rajesh Jan, so basically a Marwadi. And why I said basically Marwadi because Marwadiyas are always treated as synonym to finance. And we always say that MBA is Marwadi. So I'm a Marwadi, but not just a Marwadi, I'm also a fellow legal professional. I started my career as an advocate. So I'm a commerce graduate. I'm a law graduate. I have done my company secretorship. I have done my executive program in finance from IM Cosy Code. I started my career as an advocate in the then Andhra Pradesh High Court, which is currently like Telangana High Court in Hyderabad in 2004. I finished my company secretorship and I have worked in a couple of listed companies as a company security and various other designations. Then I moved completely to finance. I worked in an MNC called Herman Group as a CFO. Since 2018, I started my entrepreneurial journey. So there I joined one of my old friend as a partner and a managing director of wealth tree group. Since then I have been into wealth and currently also into wellness. By being a managing director of My Swiss Solutions, which is a wellness company, financial health, health wise and wealth wise of both. I'm a semi registered research analyst. I'm an equity research analyst. I'm an amphi registered mutual fund advisor and IRDA registered insurance planner. I've trained several MBA students graduates corporate employees into personal financial planning, insurance, mutual funds and also stock markets. And when I say stock market, I mean, fundamental analysis, investing and not trading. I'm basically a value investor. Till date, I have never traded in stock market in life. And I've never trained people are encouraged them for trading. So with this, I would like to start today's session with a brief disclaimer that whatever I'm going to share is just I'm sharing some knowledge. And as I was speaking to Russian ma'am that it's primarily derived from the traditional wisdom of our forefathers about how to manage our personal finance. And nothing should be construed as a investment advice. I'm not here to give any investment advice. If anyone is looking for any specific advice or any personal advice, you are feel free to connect me on WhatsApp after the session. But in this session, what I will be sharing is a pure traditional knowledge and wisdom on how to manage your personal finance and where you can start monitoring and manage your personal finance without being dependent on anyone. And why this session is basically what I always feel is we have always been working hard to earn money. And most of this today, world, people are focused on earning money. And not even a part of it is spent on managing that hard earned money. When it comes to managing our hard earned money, we always somehow feel discouraged to manage it on our own or monitor it on our own, and prefer to rely on some other friends, some advisor. It was to the I trust you to the many of my friends actually say that Rajesh apna paisa samajke daal na meh bolta yaar kaash meh spise ko apna samaj pata. And that's where so I always felt he somewhere when it comes to personal finance. Many of us are not I would not say illiterate but not properly literate. Being literate is one thing being financially literate is all together a different aspect. And that's where I took up a mission to make every Indian a financial literate. And that's where I never leave an opportunity and I really thank today to Vikas, sir for giving me this opportunity where I can speak in front of so many legal wizards. So let me start with why the hell this financial planning is required. Yeah, I'm earning money. I know how I'm earning every month. I know how much I'm spending every month. Okay. So simple, isn't it? coming from the I always believe life is unpredictable, we never knew and thankfully COVID has been the best example to say how unpredictable life can be and how that unpredictability can impact us financially, forget about other aspects, but when it things impact us financially, our entire life goes to a toss, see if I am able to sustain my regular expenses, people start thinking about their comforts, the moment I am able to reach my comforts, I start thinking about luxuries, the moment I am able to meet my luxuries, I start thinking about creating wealth, but if something comes and impacts my basic necessities and comforts itself, my entire planning goes to toss and that is where having a proper financial plan or having a plan for finance, personal finance is very much important because we all have various responsibilities, we have our commitments and we have our dreams and aspirations and not only this, we have different needs, someone is looking to buy a house, someone is looking to do certain things and on top of it, each one of us differ in different aspects like when it comes to investment outlook, when it comes to our financial commitments, when it comes to our own ability to take risk, that also differs, like it is very easy, isn't it, it is very easy, because the understanding of stock market is different for me and different for others, same way Vikas may be in a position to take very high risk, I may not be, either I am not emotionally really strong to take a risk or I am not financially that strong to take a risk, so my risk appetite differs, so there is no one solution fits all, when it comes to finance, each one of us have a unique requirement, each one of us have a unique need, like Vikas's wife may be very fine and she may not be so pushy saying that, I need at least 50 tula of gold for my daughter's security, she may not have, but my wife is quite pushy, she says, so each one of us have got our different backgrounds, different needs, different set of abilities in terms of knowledge about finance and also ability to take risk, so there is nothing called one size fits all, each one has a unique requirement and needs a customized financial and investment planning and when it comes to customization, when it comes to uniqueness, tell me who on this planet will know your own need well than anyone else, will your financial planner will be able to understand your own emotional roller coaster when it comes to money, I may say, yes, keep the money in the one which has the most returns, but if the stock market falls the next day and my 1 lakh suddenly becomes 60,000, then I can get a heart attack, this effect will be known to my advisor, isn't it, so who knows ourselves better, who know our own need better, isn't it us, so if we are able to understand our need, if we are able to know our need and on top of it, if I am able to even understand how to analyze it and how to plan it proper financially, will it not add to your own ability to manage your own personal finance, it will, isn't it, there is no doubt about it and that is where our today's session comes in place, so let us first understand what are the various stages of financial planning, so financial planning starts with first understanding your current situation, see what happens is when I am going for a travel, if I want to go say for example to Mumbai, so before even I start my journey to Mumbai, I should first know where I am, from where I am moving and from to where I am going, so I need to first understand what is my current situation and then the second stage comes is analyzing expenses, once we have analyzed our expenses, then the next step comes is building a safety net, that whether I am financially secured, whether I am securing my family's future financially, even if I am there or not there and securing them from any uncertainties, once these three stages are completed, then comes the creation of wealth and for creation of wealth, the best way is to first identify what are the goals for which you want to create wealth and then start investing for that particular goals, which is called goal based investment and investment which is completely focused and based on the what kind of goal I want to achieve and once I have achieved a considerable wealth, believe me protecting wealth is equally important, I would say more important than creating wealth, one cannot have a leaking bucket, that on one side I keep on creating wealth generating wealth, but on the other side my wealth gets eroded, so protecting wealth is much more important than creating wealth itself and many of the wealthy people have failed in this art of protecting wealth, maybe in the greed to create much more wealth, are there arrogance, keep us, I can never go wrong, whatever may be the reason, but many of the wealthy people have failed in protecting wealth and that is the reason it is said that the best of the businesses feel it difficult to pass on the wealth beyond third generation, the passing on wealth beyond third generation, the best of the best businesses fail and less than 5% of the businesses are able to pass on that wealth beyond third generation, so let's start understanding each and every step and start with how to evaluate my financial situation, so for that first I need to prepare a personal balance sheet, now what's a balance sheet, balance sheet is a balance of what is the thing that I have earned as on it and what is the thing that I owe to others so my own wealth and the wealth that I have to give to others, that evaluation is called balance sheet, we basically understand that only businesses have to create balance sheet, whose business is that balance sheet, no, even personal balance sheet is also equally important and how to create a personal balance sheet, the sample is in front of you, I need to first list on all my assets, all my assets in the sense which has the ability to generate wealth like my cash in hand, my emergency funds, my home, my land properties, gold, fixed deposits, what are the various stocks, each and everything that can be valued, that can be sold should be listed down in the assets column, on the other side whatever that you owe to others, your credit card outstanding, your home loan, your vehicle loan, your personal loan, any of your commitments, here one thing, even if you have given guarantee, even if you have signed somewhere as a guarantor, remember it would be prudent, you consider it as your own loan till the time the person against whom you have given a guarantee has paid that loan and I am sure I need not say why it has to be done, because as a guarantor, you are personally equally liable to repay that loan as the original buyer, borrower, isn't it? So, here if you have given any personal guarantees, like someone has lifted a cheat from a cheat fund and you have signed as a guarantor for a 50 lakhs cheat, then 50 lakhs become your own liability. So, please note that also, that this is some contingent liability which is also there on you. So, once this balance sheet has been done, I made how earn crores and crores of rupees, but as on date, out of all my earnings, what is it that I am left with today, which is called my personal network. So, your asset minus liability will become your personal network. So, as on date, this is what you are financially. Once you get to know your personal net worth, then the next step would be analyzing your expenditure, because as may a paro say, I have got a personal net worth of 10 crores. Now, what would be the future of this 10 crores? Is this 10 crores going to increase or this 10 crores going to decrease? What will determine is how my future addition or deletion to my net worth is going to happen? Like what is my balance between my income and my expenditure? So, how I should analyze my expenditure and before I analyze my expenditure, one needs to understand how is my own relationship with expenditure? So, when it comes to spending, what kind of person I am? I am a very conservative. When it comes to spending or I am a balanced, like whether I spend only if I feel it is really required and it is value for money or and I do not spend where I feel it is waste of money. Like simple example, I need a mobile phone, either I can go and buy a mobile phone of 20, 25,000 which will meet my requirement or I would prefer going and buying an iPhone, which is almost like 80,000 bucks. So, if I am a balanced person, I will surely go and buy the 25,000 phone and not that 80,000 phone. If I feel this 80,000 phone is not going to add any value to me and third is someone who is a spend drift, someone who is an impulsive buyer. Month and I will think, now my credit card bill has come from where I am going to pay this. What kind of person I am? So, you need to understand your own psychology that when it comes to spending money, what kind of person I am? And once you have analyzed your relationship with spending money, then you need to prepare your own income and expenditure statement that what are your various sources of income? And out of this various sources of income, what is an active income and what is the passive income? Now, here I am sure each one of you know what is the difference between an active income and passive income. But still, for the matter of clarity, I would like to reiterate that active income is something which I will get only if I work like my salary. My salary will come to me only when I go to my office when I work and only then I will get my salary. So, that is my active income. If I am a legal person, my fees will come only if I take up new cases, go and defend my clients into court. So, that is an active income and then there is something called passive income. Passive income is like I have set up a business and I have a partner who is managing it and I am only an investment partner into it. So, whatever is earned from that business is my passive income. I have a mutual funds and every year I am getting dividends from that mutual funds. So, there I am not actively doing anything and I need not put my time, my efforts, my energy into it. Without that I am getting return from it. I have a property. So, I have a commercial property and I leased out to say DMAT and I am getting a rental income every month. That is a passive income. So, I need to analyze what are my various sources of incomes, what is the percentage of my active income and passive income and then what are my expenditure. Now, when it comes to expenses, I need to again break those expenses into what are my essentials, what are my lifestyle expenses, what are my savings and investments. So, I need to have a balance between people who are already seen so much life. I am sure you must be thinking that that here why I need to do all this stuff now when I have been managing it for all so many years. Yes, you have been managing so many years, but currently what you need to look at is what is the percentage of my passive income and whether my passive income is more than my regular expenditure. So, people in the age group of less than 45, people in the age group of less than 45, for them the active income is the primary source for their expenditure, but once I have crossed 45 and the more I am coming closer to my retirement, my passive income should be more than my expenditure and this is what the target should be and basically how we see that when correlation between income and expenditure what I see is okay, my income is say of 10 lakhs, my expenditure is 5 lakhs, balance 5 lakhs, let me save it that is what we do. When I say we, I am speaking about how people have been doing today. So, here I have a request for you all who are closer to your retirement that you have been managing your money well, you have been managing your finances well, but have you thought your next generation, have you thought your kids, have you thought your grandchildren the same thing that how they should manage their finances. Have you started teaching the kids in your home how should be their relationship with money that what is an income, what is an expenditure and what saving is all about. Here I will just tell you one brief story that how my father used to do, what my father used to do is every week he used to give me 10 rupees, every week he used to give me 10 rupees, so for a month I used to get 40 rupees, 10 rupees every week, so in a month I used to get almost 40 rupees. At the month end, he used to ask me how much is left with me out of that 40. If I have not spent anything and if the entire 40 is with me, I used to get a bonus of additional 10 rupees that is, a bonus of additional 10 that this is 40 you have saved, so you get an additional 10. And if I have spent 20 out of that and left with another 20, I used to get 5 rupees. That is how it used to be. I used to wonder why my father is doing that, what I do is my own understanding why the hell he should give me a bonus or why the hell he should penalize me if I am spending it. But in a way he has nurtured me that what is the power of saving. So, somewhere he taught me how I should save. And you can use your own unique ways to teach the same thing to your kids, to your grandchildren. And what you need to teach them is, he was, I remember my grandfather when I got my first salary and told him, he told me one thing first, of course at that time for them saving always used to mean doing an FD into bank. So, he asked me to do an FD and then after six months he asked me to take an LIC policy. So, that LIC policy I still, I am still paying, I used to pay 1,803 rupees for every six months, half yearly. So, after these commitments whatever balance was left out I was supposed to spend. So, he made me to get my saving commitments from the very start. But today what is the current generation doing? Even before we get an income in anticipation that I will be getting my month and salary, I am going and swiping my credit card, spending everything and then I have been using credit cards for almost like said more than 10 years. But I have never paid my credit card dues after my due date. I have never taken any interest on my credit cards, but are we using the same thing? So, this is one thing which you can drive it. Now, there is something called 20, 30, 50 rule which I would not spend much time on to it that how my expenditure should go like out of my say 100 rupees if I am earning where it should go. So, it should start with minimum 20 percent of the saving. So, even a person if he is earning only 10,000 bucks he should be saving at least 1000 or 2000 rupees and then see that how he can manage his expenditure within to it. So, that is called 20, 30, 50 rule and there is something called 20, 20, 30, 30 rule where many of the people like taken a home loan and they say because I am taking a home loan it is a saving no it is not a saving. Your home loan is a substitution for your rent. So, even the 20 percent of your minimum saving holds the same thing. So, I am not going to spend much time here, but there is one thing which I would like to say that when it comes to managing the expenditure the first thumb rule is creating an emergency corpus, creating a liquid corpus of minimum 6 months expenditure and if possible create a liquid corpus of at least one year expenditure and why this emergency fund is required is tomorrow for some reasons if I am not able to generate any income I should not be worrying about and I should be able to manage my expenditure for the next 6 months to 1 year. So, my emergency fund should be minimum 6 months expenditure and recommended almost 1 year expenditure. So, here the action points is what one needs to do is create own personal balance sheet and create an income and expenditure statement and try to analyze how your expenses are going and second what is your relationship with expenditure. So, when it is spending money what kind of person you are and then comes the financial security. So, normally what happens is before we go on any expedition we always see the safety first is not it. Safety comes first that something like if I am going for a trekking if I have a fall I should be safe. So, safety always comes first. So, when it comes to financial journey what are the uncertainties involved if I die early and second if I fall sick. These are the two things can stop me from earning money and creating wealth for my family in future isn't it. These are the two such instances which can threaten my family's security and how can I secure them first by taking a term insurance for life taking a term insurance. And second is health insurance now how much term insurance I should take and how much health insurance I should take term insurance should be at least 17 times of your annual income. So, whatever is your annual income it should be 17 times of that annual income term insurance minimum should be 10 times of my annual income and maximum that I get is 25 times of my annual income. It is not that 1 crore or 2 crore and why it is not that 1 crore or 2 crore is simple example say I am earning 10 lakhs for my family and I have taken 20 times of my annual income that is almost 2 crores 2 crores some insured as a term insurance. Now if something happens to me my wife would be getting this 2 crores isn't it. Now if she starts spending this 2 crores for her expenditure will it be left over no. So, what would be the best thing that my expenditure should be met from the amount that I have received. So, if this 2 crores she goes and puts it into a bank and puts it as an FD she would be getting how much 5 percent as an FD rate. Now on this 2 crores if she is getting 5 percent that is 10 lakhs isn't my income replaced. So, whether I am there or not there this 10 lakhs which I was earning for my family is getting replaced and that is where term insurance becomes very critical and what happens is many of us instead of taking term insurance go and take money back guarantee policy. But term insurance is a pure insurance it comes very cheap but what happens is if I don't die. I don't know that is the only instance where people feel bad for living long. And to avoid that what they go and do I will put my money into a guaranteed plan. I will get at least some amount back. But remember insurance is not about investment investment is different insurance is different never combined both keep it separate insurance means and term insurance comes really cheap and if you want to go for any other example now 2 crores if I have to go and take a 2 crores policy my premium would be somewhere around 40 to 50,000 at the age of 40. But if I have to go for a money back guarantee plan if I have to get a 2 crore insurance I need to spend 20 lakhs. So, 40,000 is better as spending 20 lakhs and then getting insurance is better and then comes to health insurance. Health insurance what is the kind of thing that is required is you need to have a main policy. So, here I want each one of you to just review what is your health insurance coverage and see that whether the health insurance coverage is coming to around 40 to 50 lakhs or not. It is not expensive and how you can go for it is see that your base policy see that the whether the base policy is 5 lakhs or 10 lakhs and then go for a top-up policy go for a super top-up policy a super top-up policy with a deductible. So, I have taken an health policy from ICSA insurance ICSA lombards I have taken 5 lakh policy. So, 5 lakhs become my basic base policy and I can go for a top-up policy my top-up policy can be 50 lakhs with a deductible. Now, what this deductible means is my top-up policy is for 50 lakhs. So, tomorrow if I get a claim for say 40 lakhs 40 lakhs claim. So, first 5 lakhs will be paid from my primary policy main policy and the balance 35 lakhs would be paid from my top-up policy after reduction this 5 lakhs which have already been paid by the base policy. Now, if you want to understand further you can actually go to your advisor as such that what is the top-up policy but ask for a top-up policy and see that you get a top-up policy of minimum 50 lakhs. Now, once you are secured then what? Then you need to go for a goal-based investment. Now, here the financial goals vary at different stages of life. At different stages of life the financial goals vary for someone who is in age of 20 to 30 wearing his family security and family development and family events like kids education kids marriage becomes primary goals. Someone who is already done and closer to retirement for him retirement becomes financial goal and someone who is already retired someone who has already retired a state and tax planning becomes financial goal isn't it? So, based on your goal your investment should depend on. So, say I am in the age group of 30 to 40 and my primary goal is for my kids education my kids marriage and my own retirement I should be investing primarily into high-risk assets like equity. So, my investment should primarily be into equities and it can be either through mutual funds or through direct stock market investment whichever I am good at and secondary can be into real estate but if I am someone who is closer to retirement I have already retired then what should I be doing? What I should be doing is I should have primary of my investments into secured assets secured assets like debt mutual funds or regular revenue generating assets regular revenue generating assets like commercial properties I can be investing into a commercial property where I am getting regular income and they should be efficient enough where my tax incidence falls low first thing second it would be convenient for me to pass on to my future generation it should not become a cumbersome it should be convenient for me to pass on to my future generation now here to determine what should be my investment approach or how should my investment objective the first thing that is required is determining the financial goals so no matter what stage of your life is where you are there are still certain financial goals left over for you. So, you need to first put down what are the various financial goals in your life what is the current cost what is the expected future cost and when that would be due now how that should be done I will just give you an example I will just give you an example for a simple children future planning so you can meet my daughters Naina and Achal my elder daughter Naina she is 13 years old she is currently studying in eighth class and she is aspiring to be an IS officer and my younger daughter Achal she is 11 years old she is in sixth class and she wants to be a singer and a teacher now if I have to plan for my kids how I would be planning say for my daughter Naina she is 13 years old now for our higher education I need to save in the next seven to eight years am I right are maxed in the next 10 years so I have got a tenure of 10 years for reaching my financial goal for our higher education now if I want to make her study a MBA as she wants to go for an MBA before she goes for an IS exam currently an MBA across the globe in any best institution if I want to do it would cost me somewhere around 50 lakhs and if I want to get her done in India it would cost me somewhere around 20 lakhs so what happens the cost of my current goal is 20 lakhs and how much time I have 10 years now see I have a tenure of 10 years my cost of my current goal is 20 lakhs so my future value of that goal assuming that it is increasing at an inflation rate of 10% and giving an annual return that I have putting this money what I am every month saving I am putting that money into mutual funds which is giving me return of 12% my future value of the goal would be 51 lakhs that is not 20 lakhs but I have to ensure that after 10 lakhs 10 years my asset value is 51 lakhs 87,000 and to achieve that I need to invest every month 22,050 for the next 10 years so if I start investing 22,050 separately for my elder daughter into a mutual fund investment for the next 10 years I am assured that by the time she grows to 23 and go ahead for her higher education I would be having this 50 plus lakhs for her higher education this is how a goal based investment works and that is where each and every goal of yours should be determined okay and if you are retired person if you are already retired now what you need to do from this goal based investment is two things first thing is make your own goals what are your own goals if I jane se pehle I need to travel do my entire travel travel around the globe or I want to create a corpus of say 1 crore 2 crores 3 crores for my grandchildren whatever can be your goal you work on that now once I have determined what should be my investment planning that where for what purpose I need to invest the next question comes way to invest now for way to invest it again primarily depends on my risk appetite so I need to be very clear what is my risk taking ability nor your risk taking ability is purely dependent on your ability to lose money how much money I can effort to lose so if you are someone for whom security of your principle is more important than the returns then you should go for a conservative investments if you are someone who feels give us yes security is important but at the same time then you should put yourself into a balanced risk appetite investor and if you are someone who is willing to take risk risk but I need to generate higher returns better returns then you are someone who is aggressive investor and this is how you can actually determine your own risk and what are the various investment options see the popular investment options basically are gold equity debt and real estate yes there are no newer investment options newer investment options like cryptocurrencies they are all very new and they are very exotic okay I basically still suggest to avoid people to invest into any of this newer investment categories because they are quite risky and they are basically not proven so the best thing would be opt into any of these four categories and based on your own risk appetite based on your own age based on your own future plans the balance should be there that how much I should invest into gold how much I should invest into equity how much should be into debt and how much should be into real estate now there is no thumb rule for this but there can be parameters so the first thing is gold should gold be part of my assets yes it should be much how much not more than 10% gold should not be more than 10% of your wealth gold is basically hedge against inflation it always uses it used as an hedge and it is not an appreciating asset because gold always balances in itself against inflation and it never gives you a return which is higher or far more than inflation in a long term short term gold will be 40% but I am speaking about long term behavior of asset class equity when it comes to equity traditionally equity has proven to be the highest return generating asset class you take any period of 10 years equity has always outperformed other asset classes and second thing is people feel equities are quite risky no they are not risky they are volatile they are not risky they are volatile and the volatility is high when the period is short and the volatility is low when you are investing for a longer period so if you are investing safer one year or two year period into stock market the volatility will be very high but if you are investing for say five years and 10 years period your risk is all probability of losing the principle is almost 0.05% if you are investing for more than 10 years into stock market your probability of losing that money is less than 0.05% provided you are not putting your money into futures and options in fact Warren Buffett the father of value investing what he says is if you want to lose money and that to lose money very quickly invest into futures and options so futures and options are actually a means to lose money and not to earn money and that's why I said there are now newer generation investments which are high far risky and the return versus risk ratio is very low so F and O is something which should be avoided unless you have become pro into trading and you know that futures and investments very features and options very well so the best way to invest into equity would be mutual funds or go for a portfolio management services there are very decent portfolio management services available but the minimum ticket size for a portfolio management is 50 lakhs and mutual funds there is no limit and if you are someone who understands stock markets who know stock markets very well then ensure that you invest directly into the stock market when it comes to debt what are the various options available you can invest into sheet funds you can invest into fixed deposit you can invest in mutual funds or corporate bonds now what is the role of debt and what is the role of equity is debt is something which maintains your wealth equity is something which creates your wealth so where your major goal is creating higher wealth the proportion that you invest into equity should be higher but where your goal is to conserve wealth to maintain your wealth the percentage that you invest into debt should be higher there is something called life rule that if your age is 40 then 40 percent should be invested into debt and 60 percent that is 100 minus 40 should be invested into equity that is a thumb rule but I would say that age it should be more of what is your objective so if your objective is more to create higher and higher wealth you should invest primarily into equity and if your objective is to preserve conserve your wealth you should invest primarily into debt instruments and then come land now land you should be investing when your investment tenure is minimum 10 years if you have an holding capacity but 10 years only then you should invest into land and I suggest invest primarily into either commercial properties or now there are newer option that is alternate investment funds where they invest into commercial properties and pass on the rental yield and also the appreciation to you alternate investment funds which invest into various other but of course alternate invest funds are itself quite risky so you should understand how that investment fund behave and then invest into it what are the various types of mutual funds I am not going to take up otherwise that itself is a bigger topic in itself that what are the various types of mutual funds where I should be investing how I should be evaluating a mutual fund itself isn't topic into altogether that needs a different complete session on its own so basically this is a snapshot that based on your tenure of investment what should be the asset class where you should be investing and what kind of return that you can expect so if you are investing say for a shorter tenure you should be investing into secure funds where you should be happy with lower returns rather than investing say I've heard me I get many of my friends that Rajesh yaar 2 years till now I don't need this money because it can be put in stock market because people feel that if it is put in stock market then the money will double in 2 years it can happen there is a probability that the money will double in 2 years but there is also equal property that the money will be zero in 2 years because the volatility is very high so your asset class that you choose should be again something which balances your investment tenure as well and why I am saying investment tenure because there is something called power of compounding the longer you let an investment to stay and the longer you invest the kind of effect it has would be very high remember Warren Buffett's 9 more than 95% of his wealth has been created after he turned 65 65 ke baag unka 95% of the wealth create wa and 95% wealth create kaisa wa based on the 5% of the wealth which he created till he turned 65 so he let his wealth keep on compounding even after he turned 65 so if you have retired and if you have already made certain long-term investments my suggestion would be don't go and poke into it don't go and disturb them let them grow and don't disturb them unless and until they are required to be to make to meet your regular expenditure or some short term need safe in the next one or two years I've got my granddaughter's wedding and I want to gift her I want to give her select 40 or 50 lakhs so what should I do then you should move it out from equity if you have already got high return market is very high you should move out that funds from the equity and put it to debt so that next two years this funds are secured but if I don't have any such need let my investment into equity continue and only keep on balancing my portfolio that's it and this is something which I actually teach to the younger generation give us the earlier you start the easier your financial journey would be and if you start at the fag end the steeper the journey would be so choices always ask whether I want a comfortable journey or whether I want to run or whether I want to really struggle to reach my financial goal so what are the action points so for one if I want to be my own financial planner if I want to make my own financial plan I first need to understand my own risk appetite I need to understand my risk appetite write down my financial goals create an action plan on how I want to achieve my financial goal and then while investing I need to ensure that for long term goals I'm opting more equity as my preferred investment option and then I'm spending some time to learn about equities like stock markets what are mutual funds I'm spending some time on and then design your own system to monitor it regularly keep reviewing your investments and your goals once in every six months and make changes and remember the financial plan should always be simple I always believe if the solution to a problem is not simple then that means that's not the right solution that means there is something better solution than what I've already conceived so solution to any problem solution to any issue solution to any objective should be simple so your financial plan should be very simple so if your financial advisor have created a complicated financial plan that means he has not created a financial plan that is well suited to you but he has ensured to create a financial plan which is suited to him so that you are dependent on it forever so there are some other investment options where you can also look at which are like liquid funds and short term funds where you can park your money for a very temporary purpose so say for example I have got my money and I want to park it for six months to one year there are ultra short term debt funds which would be better than investing into a fixed deposit or in keeping my money into savings account so there are short term debt funds in fact there are funds debt funds which suit to every investment like if I want to invest only for 30 days or invest only for one week or 10 days there are funds for that purpose also there are funds for six months there are funds for one year there are funds for six years there are funds for 10 years so there are different debt funds suiting to your investment tenure that for how long you can park your money so I would request you to please try to understand these different debt funds so that you can make use of these debt funds rather than just keeping your money parked into a savings account or just keeping it as a fixed deposit which is yielding very low returns today and that too that taxable high taxable returns because capital gain taxation on equity investment is more lesser is less say if I have invested into mutual funds equity mutual funds and if I have stayed invested for 12 months any gain that I am getting on that is maximum taxable to 10 percent but if I am investing the same amount in a fixed deposit any return that I get should be surely into a 30 percent tax bracket if I am earning more than 10 lakhs every year whether if my income is more than 10 lakhs so you need to see that what are more tax efficient investments and always you should tune your mind to look at what is my post tax return never compare an investment see when we say compare an apple to apple so when you are comparing an apple to apple that comparison should happen first on returns second on risk so when you are comparing on returns apple to apple comparison will happen only when you are comparing a post tax return that net of my income tax what is my return rather than pre tax return so compare it with a post tax return and second also the kind of risk that you are taking then company deposits so a lot of companies which come out with corporate bonds are fixed deposits so you can invest into company deposits provided they are all triple rated highly highly investment grade rating so if they are investment grade rating you can happily invest into them when this is Sukhane Samruti Yojana this you can suggest to any of your friends and family who have got girl child girl who has a daughter who is less than 10 years old so for them you can actually invest that they have to open this account before the girl tends 10 years and this is further safety I have got this Sukhane Samruti Yojana account open for both my daughters and I invest in it regularly then there is something called national pension system this for any person who is into 20 and 30% tax bracket is an additional tax saving opportunity because under section 80 ccd 1.5 lakh that is invested is exempted and 80 ccd 1 b up to 50,000 it is exempted it is an additional exemption over and above 80 ccd so this national pension scheme is something everyone who is under 20 and 30% tax bracket should invest their money into but this is for up to 65 years only so this is applicable so the entry age is between 18 to 65 so someone who is less than 65 and more than 18 this is a very good investment option national pension scheme then there is some sovereign gold so people who want to buy gold I suggest them not to go for a physical gold okay now there are something called e-gold people are going and buying gold online is the online gold safe I would say there is a risk involved because at the end of the day there are certain scams that have come up where the gold that is backing the e-gold has either been a fake gold or there was no real gold that backed that e-gold so one better option is sovereign gold bond because sovereign gold bond is issued by rba rba comes up regularly with its new trenches where on that gold rba also gives me 2.5% return interest every half-yearly so I am getting my gold appreciation so if gold is appreciating in next five years my gold is also I am getting that appreciation at the same time I am also getting 2.5% interest on that gold so I am just would like to wind up today's session with this 10 golden rules so what are these 10 golden rules is that if you need money for the next one year so remember if your money that you are investing if you need it in one year keep it into liquid assets which can be converted into cash very easily like liquid funds short-term debt funds your fixed deposits invest into it don't put your money into stock market high-risk assets or don't put your money into say real estate it was abhimed alung or it's all about plot based dunga no same way if you want your funds in next one to five years if you foresee a need to encash this money in next one to five years invest into less risky assets go for higher riskier assets if your investment tenure is more than five years and that should be into equities or stocks more I would recommend mutual funds if you are not someone who knows well versed about stock market but if you are someone who knows well who are well versed with stock market investment and then long-term investment not trading then you should go for direct investment I am sure you would have practiced this very well during your life at the same time I request you to please converse this to people that use debt sparingly about taking loans take loan only if it is for the purpose of business home loan is slight an exception but personally I still believe home loan should not be taken as a Marwadi I believe home loan should not be taken home loan should be avoided loan should be taken only for the business purpose or forefathers never took home loans and covid during covid I have got lot of distress calls from many of my friends that they wanted to sell their flats wanted to sell their investments because they were not able to pay the EMI's of the home loan it was becoming very big burden on them at the same time I have got certain friends who are not able to quit their job which is frustrating for them just because they have got a heavy home loan EMI so there are other repercussions of home loan which we fail to understand and even if someone wants to take a home through taking loan one should ensure that the EMI on the home loan is not more than 30 to 40 percent of the take home salary 30 percent is the best that if I am earning 1 lakh my home loan EMI should not be more than 30,000 never investment invest in something that you do not understand so say for example crypto cryptocurrency is currently a fashion it has become a fashionable investment as on date but if you do not understand cryptos invest only if you really understand where your money is getting invested and how that investment would behave so before you invest in something new invest in learning about that investment and then invest your money because remember it's your hard-earned money this is a it's an hard-earned money and I've seen even many retired people losing their hard-earned money by just relying on someone investing into stock market they have lost in lakhs when it comes to wealth creation patience is the key patience is the key in wealth creations and caution is the key in wealth maintenance so patience and caution these are the two key words patience for wealth creation caution for wealth maintenance be judicious in selecting your financial advisor I believe that trust is very vital it is very important that someone you trust should be a financial advisor but that cannot be a substitution for competence so see that your financial advisor is competent enough competent to understand your interest and give you a holistic advice because most of the advisor given advice which will yield him more commission than more beneficial to the client so be judicious in that approach keep your financial plan investment strategy as simple as possible and take responsibility of your hard-earned money these are certain don'ts so don't invest all your money into one kind of asset class so see that see if you're someone who is very fancy about stock market see that not more than 50% is invested into stock market if you're someone who's fancy about real estate who loves real estate invest heavily into real estate but see that more not more than 50% of your portfolio is invested in that particular asset and don't invest more than 10% into gold and these are certain do's which have already discussed that how you should be going with regard to your so what you should be doing now what you should be doing now is start and prepare a start and make a holistic financial plan for you no matter what stage of life you are no matter how wealthy you are and no matter you're already retired prepare a financial plan for your future prepare a financial plan for your future at least for the next 10 to 20 years and start working on altering or modifying your existing investments in line with your financial goals these are my contact credentials that's my whatsapp number and my email id yeah there is sir you said it rightly that financial planning is pursued very simple but not more than 5% in fact 5% is a very high number that you have given in fact you have been slightly optimistic in giving that numbers the numbers are far more lesser actually so any questions any anything any feedback anything that you want to share or if you feel i have missed out anything in my next sessions i think you have covered all and you rightly said that cryptocurrency is one of the new fraud and a lot of people are not understanding and they are not understanding what we say that higher the risk higher the fall and higher the rise and everybody right now is only seeing the higher the rise they are not seeing higher the fall yes you never know if those are a gambling that is not investment it is only a gamble so since we are talking of crypto just explain what is the actually fundamental principle how does it operate because a lot of people do ask and a lot of people do discuss but i believe it's more like a shadowboxing nobody knows it but he says that he's a good boxer okay yeah yeah so say when it comes to cryptocurrencies what is cryptocurrency cryptocurrency is we can the jgv can do away with the slide so that we can see you that's what i even request justice roshan dal because we say that eventually the star should come at the top yeah yeah yeah so see when it comes to cryptocurrency what cryptocurrency is all about are what is the asset see when it comes to investment there has to be certain thing called underlying asset like i mean putting my money into a mutual fund scheme what that money is being going into that money is again going into some companies investments when it is invested into that company that company is again investing into its own business at its own expansion so the underlying thing is that company's assets so when i'm putting my money into a mutual fund scheme i'm in turn going and buying that company's assets isn't it there is something underlying to it something has a backing to it when it comes to cryptos there is no asset that is backing it it is only a blockchain code it is only a computerized code that has been given something like instead of giving you a 2000 rupees note i'm giving you a computer code i'm giving you a computer code and you're saying that the value of this computer code is 10,000 rupees today and tomorrow it will be 1,000,000 no tell me how will this be 1,000,000? there has to be something backing it no that makes this 10,000 into 1,000,000 say a simple example i'm saying today that the share of reliance is of 2,000 rupees you invest in 2,000 rupees after 10 years it will be 10,000 rupees okay 10,000 won't be there that's a different thing but what can make it possible what can make it possible is reliance today has got an x business this x business in 10 years would become say 3x or 4x and because its business is going to become 4x my value of this share from 2,000 will become 10,000 isn't it so pchay kuch process hai jisse mera paisa dugna ya tigna ho gaya lekin jame kripto mein paisa dalta ho po paisa ho kripto currency generate karne mein jaara hai there is a lot of electricity busy being consumed that's it uske baat kya hai uske baat ho paisa se kya ho raha hai nothing so it's more of a gambling ki boss aaj mein yeh 2,000 mein kharidne kale ready hoon kal koi 10,000 mein kharidne kale ready hoon koi 15,000 mein kharidne kale ready hoon so kripto is more of that kind of gamble there is nothing behind it there is no asset backing a cryptocurrency and that is the reason various governments are cautious are being very caution about allowing cryptocurrencies because kripto currency ka paisa kaha jaara hai there are concern i am say i am not a crypto expert i am not someone who has used cryptos but what is the concerns behind it is there is a lot of gray market transactions dark web transactions that are happening in cryptos there are lot of illegal transactions which are being happening in crypto and that's why these cryptos are getting popular and being popularized so that money from the official streamline comes into this and this money can be used for the illegal purposes and there are a lot of newer crypto currencies that are coming up which are like aaj hai same thing like it boom jab hoa tha there were a lot of it companies that came up with an ipos and finally after five years or 10 years it was found that wuz company ka office bhi nahi tha it happened during it boom in 1990s 1980s 1990s 2000 ka time peh in it boom the same thing happening now with cryptos there is no underlying asset ki piche kya hai kisi ko pata nahi ishi phi computer ka code hai aur o computer ka code hai to gay aapka payasaya one question greeches asked please throw some light on nomination with respect to shares and how does one go about it in case a shareholder is deceased yes see nomination in case of shares not only shares nomination in terms of each and every investment of yours you need to fill a nomination form in the nomination form should be reviewed once in every year you just say a recent example one of my friends grandfather passed away his grandfather had lot of mutual fund investments now they wanted to get this mutual fund investments transferred now at the time of transfer when i inquired the nomination was in the name of his grandmother normally uta nahi yaar may be apni bvi ke nampay nomination no fortunately or unfortunately i don't know the grandmother passed away before grandfather passed so as on date the person in whose name the investment is there he has passed away the person whom in whose name nomination is there even she has passed away now what is the process if the nomination would have been there the process would have been to submit the fresh KYC of the nominee but in this case where the person in whose name the nomination was there has passed away or in a case where there is no nomination form at all what is the requirement would be there is a requirement of legal hair certificate there is a requirement of legal hair certificate then KYC of all the legal hairs has to be submitted and third there has to be a joint request from all the legal hairs whether the fund units or the fund should be transmitted in the name of one single person are equally to this people or whatever may be the arrangement there has to be a joint request now this becomes very cumbersome kukabewski ex sister is not in India she is in us now getting all the documents from her from us has become a very tedious thing so this is where updating your nomination form once in every year is very important so that every time when you are updating it you are ensuring that you are nominating like at the age of 6 70 or 80 obviously my nomination would be more for my grandson or my granddaughter rather than my wife if I have already had some investments in the name of my wife second thing is when it comes to other assets like properties now properties there is nothing called nomination form you cannot submit any nomination so further we all know what is the best way is to get a will to submit a will have a registered will for your all immovable properties for your financial assets like mutual funds and your demand account and bank you have got your nomination facility please update your nomination facility regularly for all other assets ensure to have a will and review your will regularly it should be part of your financial review your whatever financial actions that you take should be regularly reviewed at least once in six months a year yeah yeah so let's assume somebody and not done nomination but he has a will and what will be the scope so if someone has got a will and he has not done a nomination then and if it is covered under the will if it is covered under the will then that will registered will will hold good okay equal to a nomination form yeah amongst us besides all the participants we have amongst us this is Roshan Dalvi who I was seeing that was jotting down all the notes and before the session she was informing that her son is also into the financial investment so as they say 1 or 11 so ma'am's knowledge is I would say compounded rather than going double the multiplier after the insightful session from Rajesh over to you ma'am women friends I am this is not my subject and aside from only the fact that my personal funds I invest I know nothing about investments to be able to talk but may I say only one thing for the last question that was asked because that is a legal question about nomination and will see one thing is nomination is provided under various acts for example insurance under the insurance act for example nomination is provided for NEMAT accounts which is a certain thing nomination is also provided in cooperative societies for the flats and cooperative societies now what is nomination and the section 30 of the cooperative societies act you nominate a person to whom the flat will be transferred in case of your death okay so I am the owner I nominate my husband my son my neighbor my friend whoever he goes to the society's office with the nomination which was registered with the society and the copy which was with me and the flat has to be transferred in the name of that person this is the law but now what happens is that societies have come up and said that no you must get the probate of the will or you must get the nomination certified all those things are not under the law but this is only for the first transfer so you know if I nominate my son his name comes on the society's records because the society requires one person to be the member so that that person will pay the maintenance amounts of the society will be responsible and one flat belongs to somebody but that son to whose my nominee will not be able to transfer that flat to another person unless he obtains probate of my will if there is a will or if there is no will he shows that he gets under contested succession okay so there is a Hindu succession act there's a Parsley succession act Indian succession act and there is Muslim personal law for succession and you have to go you can go under all of this for indested succession will only makes it very clear you know so if there is a will but nomination will not dominate a will nomination will not overpower a will in law nomination is only for the sake of convenience that the cooperative society will say today I will transfer it to him then when he has to transfer we will have to see it similarly when there is a nomination in a bank account or nomination in a fdr or your insurance policy that company's liability comes to an end the moment the company transmits those units or insurance policy or whatever to the nominee okay then the nominee becomes a trustee for the estate so it is not that if you are a nominee you get the estate only for yourself forever it is not so nominees only so that thereafter you know you don't mess around with the insurance company and the insurance company has not to be sued and made a party defendant and all of those things therefore these companies and banks say in you must have a nomination so their responsibility gets over which is correct okay that is the law now once our nominee gets say one lakh of rupees in a bank account he becomes a trustee so if there is a will and in the will I have given it to somebody else the nominee will have to return it to that person ultimately the will will overpower the nomination okay now if he is also given in the will then there is no problem if there is an interstate succession we have to go as per interstate succession and if there are two claimants he will get half and he will have to return half to the other claimants unless the claimant gives a consent that I don't want it or doesn't claim that is the difference between a nomination and a succession under the succession act whether it is testamentary or it is interstate this is the law I am no investor no investment expert I cannot say anything thank you Rajan but you invest always in the knowledge and wisdom that's the best part what we learn from you and the ease with which you speak on any topic of the calf also that's amazing session and thank you Mr Rajesh and thank you just as Roshan Dalvi it's always a pleasure connecting with you all thank you everyone stay safe stay blessed and on Wednesday we have the part 6 of Charge and Discharge by Justice Biram Kumar on section 218 of CRPC do stay connected with us at 430 thank you thank you Rajesh thank you thank you madam but good luck to you bye bye thank you I took down all your news