 So, very warm welcome to the Hevers Insignia presence edX, a series by Realty Plus Masterclass. For all those who are joining us for the first time friends, edX talks is a unique initiative dedicated to facilitate the development of an ecosystem for world-class designers in India. The one of a kind architecture and design talk show aims to enable the process of collaboration with the best in the industry so as to position architects, designers and manufacturers as partners offering complete solutions. I am Sapna Srivastava, Editoriality Plus Magazine and let's begin with a brief introduction of Realty Plus. And we have the AVP. Some people are born to show the world which path to choose in a crisis. Some brands are born to do the same. And during the times of challenge, the stalwarts of Indian real estate industry have chosen to do just that by showing others the way to finding opportunities even amidst a crisis. By showing the world how to go about delivering on promises even amidst adversity. Success doesn't just happen, it happens by design. By pushing the boundaries, by raising the bar. It's days of creating a vision and nights of bringing it to life. Knowing that pictures are worth a thousand words and every word makes a difference. It's doing the research, trusting your instinct and finishing what you started. For the past 17 years, Realty Plus has been turning obstacles into opportunities. Keeping the industry informed on the latest developments. To inspire debate and discussion bringing forth the perspectives of industry leaders, hard work and achievement. Keeping the industry connected. This is what we are built on. This is what we are building. Realty Plus. And we lead the way. So this was a brief snippet of what Realty Plus is, its products and its initiatives. To know more about Realty Plus, do get in touch with Ms. Tripli Kedia, publisher and business head at Realty Plus. And now moving on to the program of the day. I welcome Mr. Vivek Yadav, senior vice president, Havers and Gallimited to share his views on the edX series presented by Havers Signia. But before that, let me give a brief introduction of Mr. Yadav. He's an industry veteran with over 31 years of experience in electrical and automation. Having worked in all domains from residential, commercial, industrial and infrastructure. He has extensive experience in products and solutions from circuit protections in low voltage and medium voltage to automation in industries and homes. Mr. Yadav is currently heading Havers Domestic Circuit Protection, electric wiring accessories and home automation business, along with projects and enterprise business, which cuts across all business verticals and Havers. So Mr. Yadav, a very warm welcome to you and I hand it over to you for the welcome address. Yeah, thank you. Thank you, Sapna. So good afternoon everyone and thanks for joining on this webinar. I will speak a little bit more about edX and I think before that I would request the team to run an AV on Havers. Havers, as you know, all is a large company which is into various verticals and different products for the different market segments, ranging from residential to commercial to industry and infrastructure. In residential sector, we claim to have, you know, products which can occupy almost 75% of the plug points, socket points that we have inside homes. We have solutions for industry through our, you know, different businesses that we have in lighting, switch care, consumer durables. So, you know, all these, we cover in the other market segments of the customer segments that we have. So let's see the AV and this will give you more in-depth detail about what Havers is and then after that I'll talk about a little bit more on edX. Can we have the AV please? The future where technology is used to drive progress, improve business outcomes and create a better quality of life. Today, Havers stands tall in the FMEG sector as a major power distribution equipment manufacturer with a strong global footprint owing to its innovative future-ready products for a wide spectrum of applications. With the acquisition of Lloyd in 2017, Havers has made a foray into high-potential consumer-durable segment with offerings of air-conditioners, LED televisions, washing machines, refrigerators and dishwashers. The new synergy further complements the brand's deeper-into-homes vision. Havers owns some of the most prestigious global brands like Crabtree, Lloyd, Standard and Rio. Its global network constitutes over 5,000 professionals across its offices. As part of its Make in India philosophy, Havers is manufacturing 97% of its products in-house. With 14 state-of-the-art, fully automated manufacturing plants located across India, Havers offers superior quality and globally benchmarked products to its customers. Havers has set up a large distribution network to set new benchmarks in prompt delivery and service to customers. Over 11,000 dealers, 150,000 retailers and 700-plus Havers Galaxy exclusive brand showrooms across the country are helping customers to choose on its wide range of products. Havers has a robust supply chain management system with 31 warehouses located in Band India. The meticulous forecasting and demand planning delivers seamless tracking system. Havers is the first FMEG company to offer doorstep service, offering a seamless post-purchase experience. It has the largest service network with 800-plus service points covering 441 towns, 247 across India. Havers Centre for Research and Innovation, CRI at Noida with a team of highly qualified engineers and designers continuously work towards creating differentiated and innovative products while adhering to stringent quality norms at par with international standards. Havers products are certified by nationally credited laboratories such as CRI and ERDA. Havers has a strong in-house IT vertical which develops innovative technology platforms to support its robust service and supply chain management system. Growing together is ingrained in the ethos of Havers and has resulted in it launching many innovative and profitable schemes for its dealer community. Havers has strong credentials in B2B and large government projects as well, such as lighting up Kolkata Railway Station and partnering with NBCC India Limited to beautify and transform the night view of India's heritage monuments like Omayuse too as it believes in the philosophy of spearheading the progress of the nation without ignoring the past. Havers has taken giant strides to create an innovative world full of possibilities, not only for itself but also for all its channel partners and customers with a commitment to improve people's lives and help create a better global society. Havers is inspiring the world and making a difference. So let me talk a bit more about EDEX and the overarching program which is called Havers Insignia. So we are bringing industry experts on this unique platform that we are creating which is called Havers Insignia and the objective is to engage and collaborate with each other. It is going to be an interactive platform where architects, designers and consultants of repute from India and abroad will come together to share their thoughts, vision, expertise and share knowledge. And of course, most of it will be through a select invitation for a select club. It's going to be a unique initiative dedicated to facilitating the development of an ecosystem for world-class designers. And how we are going to do this, we have used a 4I framework and which is incubation, interaction, influence and innovation. So under each of these heads, we will create a platform. So EDEX is one such platform under the interaction category where we are calling national and international repute designers who will come and share their experiences and expertise in these areas and enlighten all the audience that we invite from the industry. So next would be a yearbook that we are working on which will highlight and commemorate achievements made in the industry by the leading specifiers. It will be an exclusive standout annual publication for cutting-edge design ideas, innovative viewpoints, which will set the agenda for the design themes. It will also feature globally benchmarked works by leading specifiers across the globe and an ideal reference point for the budding architects and interior designers. We are also working on creating white papers which will help educate audience to bring to light a new or different perspective. It will also help to delve deeper into issues, trends and policies related to residential and commercial infrastructure. And it will also have causes that experts feel strongly about and deep dive into their implications and benefits. The other area would be contests. We could design contests amongst the budding architects, the experienced architects and designers. Something like redesigning a city using ruins to create monuments. So such kind of contests also would be coming henceforth near future. We would also be rewarding the best in the industry, the best amongst the specifiers through awards. And the aim will be to honor and celebrate and share the very best projects in the field of architectural design, interior design and landscape architecture. So these are some of the highlights of the program. The today's program, which is the edX series, we've already had a few international designers of repute. And last episode was featuring an Indian designer. And today we are coming up with a new Indian designer, not new, but on this platform, new Indian designer. And we are very happy that this platform is gaining momentum and is being appreciated by one and all. So let's take this program today forward and I hand over back to Sapna for this. Thanks, Mr. Vivek. Mr. Vivek, other for sharing that brief on various Havas initiatives, the four eyes as you mentioned, and including this very, you know, first of its kind design talk show series that we have going here. And also for setting the tone of the day. And as you rightly mentioned, you know, let's bring on stage the star of the day, the eminent architect who is joining for this episode, Mr. Manit Rastogi from the partner Morphogenesis. As you know, he does not need any introduction, but still let me as a formality give a brief intro of architect Manit Rastogi. He's an internationally renowned architect and he co-founded Morphogenesis in the year 1996, along with his partner Sonali Rastogi. Morphogenesis is one of the largest architectural firms in India, as we all know, and it is also listed among the top 100 architectural firms globally. He is a fellow of the Indian Institute of Architects, the Royal Society of Arts, and a chartered member of the Royal Institute of British Architects. As the founder member of the VIA Council, architect Manit Rastogi has been spearheading India's own pre-rating system. Manit has worked actively with urban policy makers to spearhead initiatives with an emphasis on environmental and socio-cultural sustainability. So without much delay, let's move on to the presentation by architect Manit Rastogi. Can we have the AAPs? Good afternoon, everyone. I would like to begin by thanking Reality Plus and Havels for hosting the show. My today's talk is titled Reflections of Technology and Design. Technology is a much misunderstood word. Most people affiliate it with digital technologies, with advanced engineering. However, the definition of the term technology is the application of scientific knowledge to the betterment of the human environment or the human condition. And that's really what my today's talk is going to be of how we have applied technology extensively towards building a sustainable and resilient architecture. So I'll demonstrate these various technologies or this scientific application that we have been pursuing for the last 25 years in a practice. And essentially that scientific application comes from plagiarizing from the past, from a plethora of 5000 years of architecture of the region. And find contemporary ways of applying it in different climatic conditions, in different locations within India. And the interesting part about India is that it's extremely diverse. It is one of the largest populations in the world next to China. It's about 1.4 billion people. But urban India has all the sort of issues that large emerging nations have. It has water issues in our city. Climate change has affected India tremendously. We've had some of the worst weather patterns in the last year or so. We've had issues with energy, we've had issues with pollution. And some of this led to a lot of our early thinking why we would pursue the whole sort of genre of sustainable design and see if architecture, if buildings, the whole built environment can help resolve what our politicians and what our cities over the years have not been able to do. So very early on, we sort of looked at what's really the issue with energy. And we did this study about a couple of decades back. At that time, this population was 1.2 billion and now it's about 1.4 billion. And just very broadly speaking, in terms of the fact that India has a daily solar radiation, which is on an average 500 kWh per square meter of the country's mass, we only really need 0.03% of this land mass if we were to just drive our entire energy by solar. It's actually nothing. It's only 2% of the baseline, the deserts of India, is all that we would need to drive all the energy, not for today's requirement for what is projected for 2050. And then the second part was water. And if we just look at the annual rainfall, I know this is very macro level data, but it laid the context of what we would do at a micro level given the fact that energy wasn't a problem. But it is, water isn't a problem. 2% of the rainfall in India harvested would suffice 150 litres of percent for 1.4 billion people. And so what are we really doing? We were sort of looking at our cities and we were looking at our buildings and we had developed this sort of system where our buildings would consume energy and they would consume water and they would generate waste and it would have a one-way flow. What you see on the top here is through this process of sustainability where our main aim has been to push our projects to net zero energy, net zero water, fresh water, and net zero waste to landfill. Optimization has been mostly about how do you build less? How do you do a lot more with a lot less? And essentially that's about removing embodied energy and that's about reducing CO2 emissions from how you build something. Uniqueness is about, again, a set of metrics which looks at tradition, heritage and culture. And that third philosophy and third arm grows from the fact that across India, given the fact that price points of construction are extremely cruel, everything started looking the same. It didn't matter whether you were in a gold climate, a temperate climate, a hot climate, a warm humid climate, but more by and large most buildings and everything started looking the same and that's because they were adopting processes of construction and design that allowed for that to happen. And we found ways of digging into the past to find ways to build, and that's where we sort of got the livability. And livability was essentially about engaging not only the client and the end user of our buildings, but trying to engage the people who built that building. Now, with CO2 emissions and fresh water, this is all benchmark to the ECBC, the Energy Conservation Building Code of India, which is like a green building standard. And based on that, those standards for all our buildings are in the post occupancy evaluation. And we keep a track of those numbers of what these buildings are achieving today, although that's over two to an hour decades. So I'll start with the first project. This project dates back about nearly a decade or so. It's called the Pearl Academy. It sits in Jaipur. Jaipur is in Rajasthan and it sits in a desert climate. There were many challenges to this project. The first of cost was the fact that cost. Now, I'm sure a lot of people may not be familiar with cost of construction, but this project was built at $200 a square meter with all the interiors and all the energy infrastructure, everything all told, which was virtually impossible in that time. And of course, a climate like Jaipur, which goes up to 49 degrees Celsius in the summer, but can drop to close to zero in the nice invention. And we began thinking about how we are sort of going to be able to build this building. The first thing that came to our head was to throw out the air conditioning, because you throw out the air conditioning along with that, you reduce all the electrical equipment, but no more so. You reduce the fact that the power generation is also done locally. So you have these diesel generating sets that generate the power and you get rid of that as well. And we studied a lot of the traditional architecture. We used computational models to understand how the step worlds work, why are they cooler at the bottom than the top. We understood evaporative cooling, jalleys, ventilation, shading. So we mapped out 200 kilometer radius, is that every material that we will use to come from that cost transportation costs are extremely heavy. And the other thing that we discovered at the time was that the temperature of the earth about three meters below the surface is equal to the average temperature of the region. And in Jaipur, like I said, which goes from 0 to 48, 49 degrees, the average was sort of floating around 25. And we said, hey, that's a very useful law. And which is why the step worlds, if anyone has visited India and they go to the step world and you come down, it naturally feels cooler. Because the earth banking along with evaporative cooling is a phenomenal cooling mechanism. It's an underground air conditioner, naturally driven. So we said, fine. Now, typically speaking, any institutional building in India would be built as a block. And then you would sort of have the open space, which is the recreation space. But when you're in a desert climate, that open space is really worth nothing. And these large outdoor spaces become mostly unusable through the year. And we said, well, we won't do our building vertically. We'll spread our building out and use the whole building as a shade, like a tree. And therefore, the space under the building will become viable. We did a very optimized, simple rectangle of form. Ideas are going to decrease the amount of surface area that gets exposed to getting heat gain. And we went through a series of courtyard morphologies. The idea really being to keep the sun out, but that's a real item. I'm not going to show you these diagrams. All of you probably know them very, very well. But the idea really was to develop. And because it was a design and fashion school, the emotional element was that if you were inside, there's a very rigid form, which was driven by our environmental criteria. In any courtyard, the courtyard should not be like a tangle and inflow. It should sort of flow freely like a movie is written. And that was sort of the model that we began over about a decade back. To achieve the parameters of, you know, without a conditioning in a desert climate, we sunk down three meters. We recycle all the rain water and we recycle water from the toilets by filtering and using a treatment plant. And we created our own stepper, badly in effect, which allowed for evaporation through the courtyards and cooling the building internally. And that sort of negative space, if I may, was pulled out of the program. So we were supposed to build about 25,000 square meters. We built about two-thirds of that. And that entire area underneath, which today operated about 20 to 90 researches naturally, is used for an outdoor cafeteria, is used for various functions, performances, etc. And that whole underbelly section was designed to do that. These are just some of the pictures of that sort of step-well that we created. All the water is harvested, not a single drop of water leaves the site. But we were just trying to do, you know, just work with limited resources, effectively. And obviously the whole thing sits in shade, it catches the wind flows and it pulls the building down. We looked at insulation. Insulation was very critical for a project like this in a desert climate. And there was a local community that made pots. We got the four, the sort of very expensive 50-mil glass wool or rock wool insulation. And we thought that pots, which were used traditionally, would make for great insulation, but air is a great insulator. And we used this inverted pots with a layer of screed on the top, and we used that for insulation. The pots were made on site in the local community. For the external skin, we kept our window-to-wall ratio very, very optimized. We had about, I think, 20 or 25% providing adequate daylight. And we created this buffer space, which is essentially a service space and a screen. And the screen is made from, again, a set of local community who make cement concrete jullies on a very simple system. And we ran all the services on the outside. So the screen allowed for the fact that the entire windows go blinds-free, and the design of the screen changes based on the orientation. And all the services are overly accessible. The sprinkler is run here. We use the sprinklers as a facade cleaning system, because once in a month they aren't supposed to test and flush it. So that sort of cleans that up. And that's the building, and it was finished about a decade back. So all the materials are still on the... Everything here was built from within a 200-kilometer radius. We did achieve the price point. And this building went on to become very popular with various schools of architecture that were in study date. We have had students from various programs in master's programs, studying sustainable design, regarding temperatures, and seeing it. And for the last decade or so, it has sort of consistently, in the summers, when external temperatures have hit 47, it's hit 29 degrees in sight without air conditioning. It runs on an energy performance index of about 25 to date. Very simply, we get the bills that just divided out. And while this was being built, it gave a certain level of employment to the local community. And that gave us a lot of inspiration. And we thought that, you know, if we could do, if it was possible, to get 18 degrees delta by passive design, and it was possible to, you know, create something in these sort of kind of price points pushed by the adversity of price, then what is it that we could do as we moved on? And that's when we started sort of putting more formal metrics. And which is why we jumped to a very different kind of building, which is the British School, which is in Delhi, that's a composite climate. And here budget was not an issue. And our brief was to begin with, but it was the British School, was that they wanted it to be a central air condition. All British schools pretty much across the world are either central air or central air condition. And we argued the fact that, why, if we can begin to achieve as much as we can, naturally, then we will do so. And this project is about, I think, six or seven years ago. And we then spoke to the clients, which was essentially the air conditioner and the board. And we said that, you know, why don't we look at this five acre site and generate the, do try and do India's first net zero energy, net zero water, net zero landfill, waste to landfill kind of building. And I said, fine, let's give a shot. And so we did the math on the water and we, from the five acres of land that we had, I'm not going to go through the calculations, but we could support a population of about 1,300 students. And we said, we'll do this in reverse. We said, let's, so the notion of carrying capacity, not from the fact that what the land can afford in terms of water and energy all that we will build. And 1,300 students worked very well for them. Now you can't, now the problem in the city like there is all our rain is concentrated in three months. You can't store that much water for the rest of the year. So what you do is you dig down and you find an aquifer that's pure. And you use that as an underground tank and you use that as an exchange. You put water back into it and you put it out of it. And over the year you go down to your own water with 1,300 people. We took the same 1,300 people and then we went about just building out how much, but we needed to build about 20,000 square meters for fitting out an IB school. And we were trying to work on what is the correct ratio of rooftop solar to number of levels that we would need to be able to get to next year. And therefore what would be the target EPI that we need to achieve. And after a lot of to and fro, we came to a four-story building with a target energy performance index of 56 kilowatts per square meter per year. Now that number would by necessity drive a lot of passive design where a lot of the heat loads and a lot of the lighting load would need to disappear. And that's when we would be able to be next year on water, next year on energy. And again, we look at a lot of, in Delhi there's a very old city called Shardanava. We looked at how those morphologies work, how some of the earth banking worked. The other also key area was safety and security. And because we were propagating the idea of having open corridors and we were not doubly loaded when had the main condition, the issue of security, CCTV cameras. And we came up with this idea, we then come up, we studied this idea of eyes everywhere. And if you look at any old vernacular evolution of any city anywhere in the world, where there was, in those days several hundred years back of CCTV cameras, the cities were designed in a way that they were eyes everywhere. And that really was a security. So a combination of the two factors, we began to look at morphologies where we would be able to get eyes everywhere, step terraces, shaded coats, and we sort of landed up with this sort of model with a rooftop area sufficient to make this into a next year energy project. Some of the small things that we did, we put the labs on the top because the labs are constantly mechanically ventilated because of the fumes. And that automatically creates a buffer for everything underneath. We created natural voids for the windflows to allow for the courtyards to function properly. And because of the orientation of the site where we had pushed that form again from like we done earlier, we began to look at the Jali formation. Most of our teaching areas were on the northeast and the northwest, while the southwest was essentially a large screen just shelling out the courtyards. A lot of this was built on site. So we came up with the self-construction methodology of, again, fold windows and having a secondary screen. The screen, of course, varies its opacity and density based on what's behind it and what orientation it works to. And yes, and that's sort of the completed building. We did a lot of modeling for... So we had the classroom and that was built, you know, that was done perfectly. But to us, what was more important was to be able to create enough open spaces within the... which would be comfortable through the year. And we were targeting the delta of about 8 to 10 degrees in perceptible temperature in the outdoor areas in the school as compared to external temperature. And then here's that project. So that's the front screen that shades off the southwest and sort of creates a full microclimate behind. Again, open corridors. What you see here are air filters because it was a British school. We didn't air condition into high school but for the classrooms we did and then create these sort of passive spaces. A lot of outdoor spaces. This is a bit old but the trees are grown now. Yeah, and that's the school. Now, on our post occupancy, we today have an EPI of 52. It's the only school in India right now which got a 3.5 star rating. 3.5 is India's own green-draining system. And as I am a founding member of the green-draining system for... I can say that it is genuine. I didn't falsify any data. But it's operating at a 52. Now, what you see here is a combination of surface temperature and air temperature. And then we sort of map that back to perceptible temperature. So at a 44 upside, we did manage to get a 10 to 12 degree delta in all the open spaces inside that school. So to date, we keep up classrooms at about 26 to 28 degrees. So there is a gradation as one steps out and moves through this entire project. And it operates today as a net zero on all accounts. So that was in that sort of composite sort of climate. I mean, like in the opposite climate, the winters aren't a problem. The real problems are... And it's not even the summer when you change thermal masks, screens, a bit of evaporative cooling that works. The real problem has always been the monsoon. Why it works really well in schools is that Indian schools are shut in the monsoons. That's the holiday period. And that sort of works really, really well. Which doesn't in other kinds of pathologies like offices or residential or... Which sort of brings me to this third one. This is a campus. It's a 100-acre campus for a very large technology ID firm called Bitro. They're amongst the three largest listed companies in India. And they do these sort of really massive campuses at tens of thousands of people working there. This is located in Hyderabad, in Telangana. It's a very strange sort of climate. It's not very adverse, but it's got a tremendous amount of diffuse radiation. It barely has no cloud cover pretty much through the year. And temperatures do go up, but it's not that high. And it has reasonable wind speeds, reasonable wind temperatures, but the glare is just incredibly high that diffuse radiation is what pushes temperatures up. And we worked on this project with Trans Solar. It's one of the several we've done with them. And this is where we began. So we looked at the site, and that's about 100 acres. It's divided into three zones. And that zone too, as we discovered, was largely unbuildable because it sat in a radius from a lake which wasn't too far away. And then as we discovered, it's sort of a bit low-lying. And the really buildable areas were these two. We again pursued the idea of carrying capacity. We had the 100 acres. And we worked out backwards as to how many people can we support from the rainfall. And we then to store that water because, like I said, Hyderabad is very strange in the sense that its entire geology is straight rock. So it was very hard to get to an aquifer and do water exchange with. So we really had to build a reservoir. So at a four-meter depth, we needed about 15 acres of water reservoir to support 15,000 people working there. And again, similarly with energy, we worked out that if we hit a 60 EPI, then we will be able to, with 15 acres of a solar farm, which we had planned over and above the water reservoir. So essentially, the solar farm shades the water from evaporation and picks up the energy. We will be then zero on both accounts. And that's what we really did. So we identified the low line area, everything slopes there. We got the natural rainwater. It's a four-meter, sorry, 15-acre lake about four meters deep. And then it's sort of got the solar panels that sit on top of it and on the site and shade it. And that piece of the land will never get overshadowed. So we go to the solar farm, 15 acres on the site itself. And that sort of set up the basis of the first season master plan. The second exercise was, as I'll just go back, was how do we begin to hit a 60 kilowatt hour per square meter per year, of which 25 is on primary energy, which is lighting and air conditioning or ventilation, and the 35 is on equipment. And how do we begin to get up, building to work with the 25? The 35 was a given, but that's all internal equipment. The question really was, how do we work to 100% day lighting on the floor plate? And how do we bring our day conditioning requirements down to a point where, through the year, and to remind you, these buildings tend to operate more about 10 to 12 hours a day, 365 days a year, because they're essentially very large tech companies. So we began this exercise where we did a various, we did about eight of them. We did many more, but we sort of isolated eight morphologies that were built upon, isolated single-tars, series of square-tars, courtyards, a hybrid of the tower and the courtyard, mid-rise high density, low-rise high density, micro-courtyards. And we came up with several morphologies, heuristically. And then we began to test them. So various kinds of ground coverage, various heights. And we then put them through a series of analysis. So the first analysis that we did was, of course, open, because when it was critical for us to, if you were to hit that 60 EPI, which is 25, we also needed to be able to get a lot of the functions from inside the building out. And a lot of the functions to run passively without day conditioning. Of course, where the essential work was happening would be a condition for various reasons of, you know, the data centers, very tight control on day conditioning, et cetera. For how much of this would be, sort of, and for that we needed to win. Now predominantly we had about an east-west win and we put all these various forms, we selected five that performed reasonably well. We then put them through the horizontal plane. We were trying to look at what, in terms of seasonal solar radiation, would the insulation be on the lower planes? And basis that, we picked up a certain scheme. We then looked at daylight autonomy, but each of these eight or nine different schemes, and then again began to identify, and this was a highly attractive exercise between wind, solar radiation in the open spaces, and daylighting within the internal spaces. And what morphology would suit it the best? And finally, we selected the option which was sort of the micro-coat-yard option. And after doing the series of CFD runs on it, we cleaned up the entire, the model again. This was highly attractive. And if anyone is very good with algorithms, this is a great one for that kind of process. And then we sort of finally ended up. So the first phase is what is now under construction, which I'll take you through. And then we have already done the urban design for the remaining three. So that in a sense, the wind flows, the evaporative cooling, the shading, all those parameters remain the same. Coming to that first phase, which is approximately about a million square feet, about 100,000 square meters. We began looking at the outdoor spaces, and we went through a series of analysis, looking at a combination of having no roof, no fans, no dry misting, and having only a roof, like a lightweight and side roof, a combination of roofs and fans, plus dry misting. And we then did a cross-analysis of the fact that what would be the financial savings would either be these spaces inside the condition spaces. And that sort of led to this design, which I call a large desert cooler, a very traditional large desert cooler. It's essentially what used to be the four air conditioners, a box with a fan, and you had this sort of hay on the side where water ran down, cool, it had shoved it through. And so the entire plane, and the entire plane, which sort of sits on an elevated podium, was designed for those windflows and those outdoor spaces. And we worked with the SBB, we bought this sort of high, with this sort of tensile roof, a combination with the transor and us, and we sort of got this entire outdoor space working in a way that it is comfortable through the year. So it's comfortable for rain, it's comfortable for the summer, it's comfortable for the winter, and by and large, this entire outdoor space now takes on primary functions. I won't spend too much time on the indoor spaces. We went through a similar exercise of looking at various kinds of mechanisms of how can we remove as much air conditioning from the inside, whether it's underfloor, heat recovery, hybrids, low-velocity fans, and came to an optimal solution. Again, a lot of this is very cost-based, but it's also a combination of sustainability and cost. And of course, settling for the fact that a client agreed to an internal temperature of 28 degrees, which is very useful because, and it's actually correct, because external temperatures can go up to 30 to 40 degrees, and working out the whole system based around that. So when the project, when we finished the design, 56% of the area was in under eight-conditioned space, but consuming about less than half the air conditioning. So typically speaking, in this region, a building would consume 250 square foot for one-time-away conditioning. This project is operating in about 650 square feet for one-time-away conditioning. So even though 56% of the space is air conditioning, they're consuming less than half. About 35%, I've been moved to national ventilation. Now when I say national ventilation, and I say the third piece, which is shaded outdoor, all of these are achieving thermal comfort conditions through the air. Here's a 90% of thermal conditions through the air. So not only did we manage to get about 10% of that area outside, which is about 80-10 hours per meters. So cafeteria, gym, recreation, library is in the outdoor shaded space that I'm showing you. We have outdoor meeting rooms, which are removed from the inside area, and of course, the rival plaza. And then naturally, with these spaces, we have various other functions. So effectively, only half the building. This typically would be at 100%. So dramatically different project. I mean, this sits in Kolkata, which is the extreme east of India. It's got a warm, humid climate, extremely humid. And temperatures don't change very much through the air. It's very close to the sea. But it's also, in some senses, the cradle of civilization. A lot of the first universities, the first art, knowledge, culture, music, a lot of time was born in this part of the world, in this city, particularly. And we began looking at the site. I think the total area here is about 3 million square feet, if I'm not wrong. Yeah, about 300,000 square meters. And it's a 17-acre site. Now, we did the math on this. We couldn't push this one to next year, because like I mentioned earlier, any environment that is high humid, this city maintains a greater than 70% humidity pretty much through the year. And therefore, in a mixed-use environment consisting of offices, hotels, conferencing, data centers, et cetera, the air conditioning was inevitable. However, what we started thinking about was what could we do in terms of the entire site. And therefore, we set up a site plan where we could maximize the wind flows through the site. And all the buildings, what we did here was Calcutta sits on a 22-degree latitude, which is pretty much the tropics. But we tilted the buildings 22 degrees to pure north. And what it allowed us to do was essentially shave from one side, because when the sun overshoots, you end up shaving from two sides. And it led to a 25% reduction in solar exposure. We found this very interesting. But every time you tilt a building towards the east from pure north, by the latitude of the building sits at, it actually helps cut down, it helps cut down solar exposure naturally, which helped reduce the amount of shading we had to put into the building in the first place. Then once we sort of had that sort of east-west axis and we left a lot of cross axes as well. Of course, we wanted a lot of natural ventilation. Wind speeds are not very high in Calcutta. They are at about 2 to 1.5 meters per second. But over the year, they changed direction. Which is why we sort of hand-to-hand this sort of thing, sort of very free. As opposed to the previous one that I showed you, it was very fort-like, but very channel. This had to be sort of very open and transparent. I only got to the landscape design of how that sort of works with the community close. The second problem that we had was a lot of this was very large floor plates. 40, 50,000 square feet floor plates. And by and large, what happened the large floor plates traditionally in this kind of curve is that you get these sort of very deep 60 by 60 or 50 by side, 5 meter deep floor plates and your day lighting drops to on a CDA or people in the day light economy or it drops to anywhere between 40 to 50%. We took the same area and we changed the morphology of the building so that we could push that back to about 90 to 100%. The point really about that is the fact that you don't really have to work with the form which is your given, but if you go get through it, the same exercise allowed us to break this up into where we put up, and how the form sort of breaks up where we get 100% natural day lighting. So that was sort of the final piece of design when we finished about 2.5, 3 years back it's been in construction ever since. So we then began to look at the fact that now that we had a microclimate on the site as you can see this all reasonably well shaded it's well ventilated we now started working with a lot of the local craft system and that sort of goes to my earlier point about how do we work with local communities and we found a lot of this sort of tradition of knowledge, culture and we break that back so culture and art gallery naturally ventilated, naturally water protected 17 acres of outdoor if I may an arts and crafts museum we worked with a lot of the local art school and the local craftsmen who had this incredible craft who make all these sort of sculptures and we then used a lot of the traditions of Gungal, of Calcutta and abstracted them into this sort of graphic artwork which the artisans could work with and we then started using the west and the east facades but all our buildings were north-south I'll be 22 degrees and started working with them into sort of creating this urban art form where of course it provided great amounts of insulation just carving local stone and we were working with that and of course working with the local alphabet and again working with the stone and coming up with this sort of 500 meter by about 100 meter long urban art facade, this is all west and a lot of this sort of being crafted by local craftsmen and again on the other side on the east as well so that's the project again under construction where a lot of this again is being done outside then, this we've done sort of as a very very deliberate move in terms of trying to these are dying communities craft communities are dying communities and I think the more we work with them the more we learn from them they seem to have a more heuristic understanding of what we understand populationally and this entire sort of 500 meter by 100 meter high urban facade is being put up by these local craftsmen and eventually sort of leading to that one completion so we managed to get in a very very humid environment we got an EPI of 43 by a lot of these measures so we are 90% daylight, zero glare which is critical because what you really don't want to do is draw the lines if you get the glare and then switch the lights on and it all goes south so glare free 90% daylight mirror to wall ratio at 25% our facade is at one watt per square for envelope load design and of course the entire site is fully ventilated and that's how we sort of managed to get the 43 degrees and even in a humid environment we got a 5 degree delta in perceptible temperature so at a 36 degrees to a 31 with ventilation it works really well even when you went stand here on the site even today so that's it, thank you very much thanks Akhidat Manitra Sogi for sharing those very fine examples of combining passive design advanced technology is an even local craftsmanship and for those highlighting those very interesting facts and points about net zero buildings so Mr. Vivek Yadav is also here with us Mr. Vivek Yadav you just saw how design and technology has been combined in architect Rastogi's project what do you have to say about combining these two things for sustainable and green buildings in India I think this question needs no answer now because the entire presentation by architect Manitra Sogi was centered around this and how beautifully each and every project that he highlighted was using technology and in the beginning when he said what is technology I mean you're putting science to use in creating buildings which are sustainable and even net zero buildings so I mean I'm really impressed and I'm quite sure I mean the audience which is listening would have got huge inspiration especially the designers who are there huge inspiration from the entire presentation but we as manufacturer I mean from our side I mean how we can assist in creating those structures is you know by giving technical solutions which will aid the output which is desired by the architect it could be in terms of supplying equipment which are let's say solar it could be giving them lighting though natural lighting is something which is you know informed and most desirable but then in areas where natural lighting is not possible design I mean how we can give the effect of natural lighting inside a building using the lighting technologies we have currently today which is you know the circadian rhythm of the human body how it perceives lighting from morning till the evening I mean those kind of you know artificial lighting can be created inside and of course lighting has become very very efficient today and if you use automation along with it daylight harvesting whenever daylight is available how lighting can adjust you know and give the same effect which is desired inside in terms of flux levels etc which are you know more conducive to people who are using it and they become more and more efficient and of course the electrical equipment which makes the use of energy safer inside a building convenient and safe which is very very important and that electrical equipment not just saves people's lives and keeps the usage of energy safe but also it is efficient and not producing enough in producing heat so that you know again it puts load on the air conditioning so I think this is what I had to say but you know the presentation speaks volumes about usage of energy and science in creating buildings which are natural which is taking care of you know people who use and the societies around it I really love the presentation Thank you so that's the whole idea of this you know platform manufacturers, architects, designers working together you made it look very easy and simple designing complex buildings but what are the challenges building a complex and modern building as well as resource efficient energy efficient Thank you Vivek, thank you Sapna So you know a lot of the challenge lies in getting things first time right spending 11 hours to polish the axe and then one hour to cut the tree and the objective of technology of design thinking of all the science that we've been discussing is to actually make the building simple it's not to make it complicated you know building is an extremely complicated task I mean if you look at the difference between manufacturing like say you know like they create one perfect product and then they spin out you know thousands or hundreds of thousands of those unfortunately with buildings we make one at a time you get that wrong and and that's it there is no prototyping so I think the real challenge comes in the fact that as designers working in tandem with manufacturers who obviously bring all the I mean it's their products that we essentially just weave together into a building the real challenge really is to try and get as much of that thinking done as early as possible to ensure that we're not trying to do this on the pipe and we're really making the building no manufacturer today would start out building a car and then sort of determine how it's going to perform you do all your prototyping, your testing there are many softwares available by which you can gauge performance of a building prior to even starting its construction you can simulate daylight, you can simulate artificial light you can simulate automation so you know it's not really a challenge but it's a recommendation to all my fellow architects out there and to my fellow clients and developers to spend as much time as possible trying to get that performance right prior to commencing construction Okay, so spend more time on the drawing board before starting the execution and that is where and used advanced software as you mentioned in a lot of places for analysis and simulation softwares given the pandemic everyone is talking about how pandemic has changed people behaviour how pandemic has changed how people are now working and living what are the changes you envisage in the design in terms of office and residential spaces that we are going to see or we are already seeing so if you look at the two biggest construction segments in India one is residential the other is commercial office so in the residential segment what we are beginning to see is that the traditional model of Indian residential housing was that every space had a particular use a bedroom or sleeping living room was for meeting together socializing dining room was for eating what we are now beginning to see is that each space has now turned into a variety of uses you know the bedroom is being used as a classroom in the day being used as a potentially as a yoga space in the early evening is being used to sleep at night and each of these spaces have now moved away from one function to one space to multiple functions to the same space and that in turn has its own challenges in design I mean how do you handle acoustics for a bedroom which is a classroom or yoga space and a bedroom how do you use a dining table for your two people like a co-working space during the day and as we are sort of we will be living in a world which is going to be more hybrid rather than you know I don't think we are going to go back 100% but that also depends from industry to industry of going back of segregating work life and residential life I think that overlap and that amorphousness between the two will coexist so residential design will have to take on that challenge of you know how is a home a school, an office and a home at the same time and the office space what we are beginning to see is you know we spent the last 20 years densifying our offices you know what we began with 20 years back would be an office where spatial allocation would be 200 square feet per person and over two decades that sort of compacted down to maybe 60, 70 square feet per person we were getting three times as many people in the same building that we were getting two decades back and of course that had to do with real estate costs operation costs etc and now what we are beginning to see is a reverse trend and we are seeing that that sort of shift away from over densification to hybrid models of work where you can intensify the office yet keep the same amount of workforce but just ensure that the people who are work from home versus people who are coming to office are compatible in a way that the space still works what we are also beginning to see a lot of vertical transportation systems say lifts are not being allowed to be compacted as they used to be you have lifts in the morning, hours in the evening ask for low people now when you start cutting that down there is a different kind of pressure on the building in terms of moving people in and out and we are having to design innovative movement systems within buildings to make sure that there is not that much complication of people we are having to bring two codes out into the open and make them comfortable like I showed you in the project we are doing with Wipro so there is a lot of integration of outside and inside de-densification in the workplace that we are beginning to see what we are also beginning to see is a lot of emphasis on and and a natural sort of shift away from traditional systems of air conditioning where the cold air comes from the top from a touch but the return air also goes back up as well and then there is that sort of intermixing so we are now designing systems where the air comes from the bottom and is sucked out from the top so there is no there is a lot of trust and new technologies are being evolved so we are going beyond sustainability to help safety, hygiene, wellness that is what we are really seeing in the new workplace that is right Vivek would you like to add something here are these changes here to stay or do you think it is going to be a short term and maybe in a year or two we will go back to the same ways of looking at it I feel that some of the habits that we have formed they are here to stay and it will be a mix of what we have started to do now including work from home and it may not be fully back to what it was in terms of practices and the way we work especially that may not come back fully to what it was pre-pandemic I have a question if you may allow Sapna Manit as manufacturers we often have this dilemma about automation we have been into automation for a long time and we often find it difficult to convince end users need developers who are creating buildings and even specifies to go in for automation for lighting or a lot of other areas and it becomes often a big challenge to convince people around because it always comes when the cost is important and the building is being made but the long term view a lot of people don't see what are your views on this of course it will help us also to think about our portfolio and our business Vivek, the point is this in our two and a half decades of working in India one thing that has always been paramount is cost and nothing beats cost and cost and profit and you don't even attempt to surmount it however it's also a cultural issue now if you look at two and a half decades back when we were doing buildings and commercial buildings were single glass in very low performance facades and today no one even talks about that I mean doing a double glazed high performance facade is now the norm as opposed to now why did that happen that happened predominantly because of the rising consciousness amongst people that saving energy is really important and sustainability is important and of course climate change there was many there was a lot of awareness that was brought about in the last couple of decades for people to do that now today if you are working with a developer whether the developer wants it or not the tenant wants an MNC tenant will not walk into a building unless the building can be measured and it can be managed in a certain way similarly now when it comes to automation in homes and I presume that I don't think we don't have any problem with automation in the office space and the workplace and that's simply because of the fact that you don't have a Ramu running around trying to switch on and switch off lights you need lights to come on based on the lux levels outside you need to switch off you need occupancy sensors and you need the whole system to work together it's a larger space with lots of people what happens in homes so private houses we've got 5 people living in a 10,000 20,000 square feet house you've got evening settings mood settings you've got and because the space is large with many types lighting types it's virtually impossible to control without automation but when it comes to the individual apartments that's where your challenge will come so what we found successful there is that we insist that the system is enabled for the resident to put the automation but the wiring is like it's like a conditioning you know sometimes in apartments developers not put the conditioning but they'll do the piping they'll do the drain, they'll do the refrigerant piping etc and similarly with automation what we recommend is do all the wiring let the controllers be put by the tenant so at least they have that option and they don't go around chasing the work data and more importantly today when you have a multitude of spaces if I could be in my bedroom and hit a little switch which said I'm now in a classroom mode where I'm on a screen there should be no light that is falling on my screen etc but there's a bedroom mode in the evening where my lights come on so I think you need to focus automation rather than only on controlling lights these kind of moves which have become now prevalent in these multitude of spaces and residential apartments because they are used differently through the day integrated to of course how the curtains or the blinds operate that's very very good input and a valid point because when you sell automation I think you have to sell use cases more rather than selling the equipment I think that's really important and we are seeing in the home front we are seeing that people are opening up and they are asking for it I mean I'm talking about I have been in this industry for a long time and I've seen those times when people did not know anything about automation especially for home use but now I think the awareness is far better and people come and ask for it so the use cases have been established and you're right the focus has to be on how automation is to be used in a particular situation how it is going to help their life become more easier and comfortable inside homes thank you related question we have got is Manithya spoke about wellness safety and well-being the question is how advanced building materials can enhance human wellness in buildings do we have any examples of how automation is one for convenience and wellness any other examples of I mean it's across the board it's a flooring materials that are easy to clean you've got lighting we've pretty much entirely moved to LED lighting as opposed to all the other various forms of lighting we used to have air conditioning systems that are highly energy efficient but at the same time have the right kind of filters to keep the indoor air quality better we've got wall finishes low VOC paints that don't leave out odors through the for a year after applying toxic there's a whole plethora of knowledge of materials out there that are very that are very amenable to wellness hygiene and well-being and they're well documented and a lot of the manufacturers do know there's an effect some of the green-rating systems that is IGVC, LEED or rehab also rate these materials for whether are they really sustainable and all of that but I think that again comes down to awareness you know I mean how much does the person who's buying an apartment for example in a residential complex know about that and of course everything is driven by price however this is not a price issue this is an awareness issue they wanted they don't know how and I think that's where a lot of what manufacturers will have to do industry bodies will have to do to drive that awareness and learning where in a K-12 syllabus in a school syllabus there is nothing to do with sustainability there's nothing to do with design you know it's very very centered around a subject and its outcome and until we begin changing things at the at an educative level at the school level where that thinking starts same thing with at the university syllabus what we're talking about is once a person their professional life and you know by then try to make a person unlearn and relearn is far more difficult than to see it correctly to begin you know children become conscious of the fact that if you leave a room you switch the light off because a switch is nothing more than saving the energy saving energy saves carbon saving carbon saves climate it's just as simple as that it's just ingraining those simple principles and you'll see the outcome in a few years from then okay so catch them young start sorry Sapna can I ask a question okay one question you know which is there in my mind it's regarding you know listening to customer so it's often said that you know you have to listen to your customers voice and then you know design your building and you design your product but there is also a view which you know Steve Jobs used to say he says customer doesn't know what he wants you have to give him which could be his latent need so when you design your product when you design your buildings I mean how much of you know you get customers voice and then how much of you know you work on the design and you know that you know today what I've heard from my customer I mean probably doesn't know what he need the professional architecture is not very different from the institution of marriage you know when we get into a relationship with the client and bring the other experience we listen a lot okay but we also so we learn from the client's experience for the other ones we've been you know who are actually dealing with the end users for the life cycle of the building but at the same time they learn from us as well so the idea really is to set up this mutual relationship of cross learning so you know all ideas are good ideas put them on the table but have a very structured way of analyzing each one and either accepting or eliminating in a very neutral environment the problem you know we found earlier on was it was mostly a clash of egos you know architect is saying this and the client is saying that and the engineers are saying this so you know we came up with the methodology you know which we call integrated project delivery even before we got pen to paper all the stakeholders are put on the same table whether it's from the clients it could be their marketing people it could be the engineering team architects consultants if there are end users everyone on the same table let's work out what is the program what are we trying to achieve and then we go to the second part of how we do things whatever we are trying to change what is it that we want to do which we can measure at the end of the project to know whether we failed or succeeded and the idea really is this it's cooperation versus competition so if you stop competing and start cooperating and start sharing a lot more and we found that great success I think one of the examples that you mentioned was British school where the client first wanted a fully air conditioned building but after discussion they went in for the net zero building so that's one example that you mentioned we have a lot of questions but because of the possibility of time we'll take just one more question Mani this comes to you what are the top three technologies that you feel will be at the forefront of design and construction in the coming times so the top three technologies okay one what we what we do think is so right now there's a technology that's got digital twins you design the building and you take the digital twin of that building put in the cloud and that carries information with it however we would like to begin to see the merging of two or three the convergence of two or three technologies so if you look at drone technologies if you look at surveillance technologies you know CCD cameras of security but that's not really what we should be using them for we don't design buildings for people so if you can start mapping using the cameras and we start using the drone people are actually using the building we will be able to address those needs far better now that technology already exists it's just a question of getting three or four different technologies to talk to each other that's one so convergence second one that we think that should be that we need this desperately in India is to start manufacturing our buildings in combination with crafts so crafts is something you are very high on but you can't use craft to make big buildings and the way that you are still making a lot of our buildings in India is the same technology that existed five hundred years back okay and what we really need to be able to do is like I'll give you an example of a car again every part of a car is designed with a certain tolerance with a certain life cycle if you look at a building concrete is supposed to last a hundred years glass will last a certain period the MVP equipment or the lights will die out in maybe seven years the system will have to change it is very very asynchronous so the building today is designed in a in a way that all the parts of the building are not in sync with each other in terms of the life cycle of the building so in a country like India we need to find new methods of manufacturing of buildings of making them and moving away from our traditional methods of RCC construction and doing things on site etc etc we have been moving in that direction but hopefully we will see a lot more in terms of construction technology going there and third of course is design technologies we see the emergence of design tools which essentially will right now we work with about eight different softwares to make a building maybe more and what we would really like for structural engineering design is done by structural engineer with a separate software we do the artificial design we do the energy simulation someone else does fluid dynamics someone else does something else once all these come together we will be able to simultaneously analyze the performance of a building and design rather than having to do this sequentially across a multitude of people so really anything I see in the future of technology is the breaking down of boundaries between various fields and the convergence of all of this together and the feedback loops fundamentally important today the designer design goes away the end user uses the building the building ends its life but to close those loops and today we have the technology it's a question of how we apply so it would be great if we can have that level of understanding in terms of how our buildings operate during the life cycle then close that loop so three key areas so manufacture your buildings to integrate technologies to understand the performance of buildings by observing human behavior and three feedback loops from the building that we work with and I think that should be a thrust away which should be good okay fantastic so what so we think technologies are there what we need is convergence what we need is integration of all the stakeholders of a building ecosystem so that they can work together and you know create a building that is holistic for you know at the end the occupants of the building so that was some very interesting points that we came across in this conversation let me now write Mr. Ramil Bahel head for enterprise business Havals India Limited Ramil Bahel had been listening to the entire conversation and the presentation and he is here to summarize what we just heard and to present the thank you note for the day let me give a brief introduction of Mr. Ramil Bahel he is the head for enterprise business and engages with architect consultants, interior designers industry, government, infrastructure and key commercial projects he is an electrical engineer with 26 years of experience in electrical industry and expertise in enterprise solutions business development, strategic planning and sales. Mr. Bahel you had been listening to this entire conversation over to you now thanks Apna good afternoon all on behalf of Havals I mean it's an honor and privilege for me to propose a word of thanks for our honored guest architect Manit Rastavi from Alpha Genesis really the discussion was really an eye opener your emphasis on sustainable design with focus on combining heritage and culture along with green technology is unique and your thoughts on soul sustainable, optimized, unique livable designs I think is very relevant in today's context each one of your projects whether it is the Pearl Academy at Jaipur and the use of the concept of a step well is actually the use of tradition along with technology and each one of your projects whether it was the British school or the Vipro campus or the ITC mixed use campus is a unique experience and it is also providing an architectural experience which is unheard of in today's context so we at Havals are also committed to providing safe renewable and efficient solutions for such prestigious projects and we also invite the philosophy of working in a close working collaboration with our clients partners and stakeholders to together achieve a successful and sustainable outcome I'd like to thank all the honourable participants who have taken time out for participating in this edX series and also would like to thank the organizing team from Havals as well as from edX for all their efforts thank you architect Rastogi and have a great day ahead thank you thanks Mr. Bhair for summing up the session and expressing that note of appreciation and sincere thanks thanks Mr. Vivek Yadav as well for being part of this session and sharing your views as solution provider once again I thank our speaker of the day architect Manit Rastogi founding partner Morphogenesis for sharing those pearls of wisdom with us and sharing his knowledge for eternity and most of all our sincere thanks to our awesome audience for being here sharing their time sending in their questions so do keep watching this space we bring to you yet another acclaimed design expert next time and goodbye thanks architect Manit Rastogi thanks Vivek Yadav thank you for being here today thank you everyone