 Starting with Claire Downey from the Rediscovery Centre based in Balli Munn, which focuses on recycling, sustainable fashion, education and research. And Claire is a researcher with a focus on reducing energy demand. She has a degree in chemical engineering from the University of Queensland, and he used to work with Indiver. Great. Thank you very much. Thank you to Tommy Simpson and John Gormley for the invitation to speak. I'm very pleased to be here to represent the Rediscovery Centre as the National Centre for Circular Economy. Also as a board member of Green Foundation Ireland, and to be part of the conversation about this really far reaching report. I'd like to make the connection quickly between the circular economy and reducing energy demand. And I think I'll start by illustrating it with an everyday product that we all have and use or most of us have in use. If you start to take apart a mobile phone, as we saw Minister Ishim Smith take apart a disposable vape interestingly on Twitter recently, you'll find 300 components and 85% of the stable elements of the periodic table. So there's an incredible amount of resources just in this really small piece of equipment, and those resources are extracted and processed and shipped and assembled and shipped again probably and assembled again somewhere and finally retailed before they reach us. So an average mobile phone costs around 80 kilos of carbon to produce, and there are 3.5 billion of them in use right now, excluding what we've already wasted. And that's just mobile phones, smart phones. It's not other types of phones. It's not your devices. It's not your IT equipment. When we start to think about one simple product, you can see very quickly how much goes into our products and most of that is around energy. When we talk about carbon emissions, we think about transport emissions, we're transporting products, and we think about agriculture, we're making food, it's not a thing farmers do for the crack, it's an actual production system that leads to food that leads to food waste and all of this adds up into our energy demand. And so the Ellen MacArthur Foundation estimates that around 45% of global greenhouse gas emissions are associated with the extraction and production of our goods, and around 90% of biodiversity loss as well is associated with this activity. So we absolutely need to talk about energy demand and reducing energy demand by reducing our consumption. And in Ireland, we have some statistics from Eurostat about what we're consuming here, and they are quite surprising. Our consumption footprint, which measures the impact of the goods that we use here that we import the energy imported through the products we use is the second highest in Europe. We know that we have extremely high textile consumption, where the fourth highest in Europe on that, depending on which figure you look, we know that we have the highest production of plastic waste and the highest production of plastic packaging is placed on the market here in Ireland. We're not exactly sure why that is perhaps it's the type of statistics we're declaring but I think it tells a story about our habits and our consumption patterns here that we absolutely need to address. There is obviously a lot behind all of this consumption there's huge budgets behind marketing that's driving it the linear economy is the economy at the moment that is still the most affordable the most accessible the most viable for business. As business as usual, and we are locked into this system at the moment. We know there are lots of other benefits to circular economy, not just environmental of course as community resilience we saw that through the pandemic there's skills there's jobs and well being so we need to make a shift urgently to this more circular economy, and keep our products in circulation and reduce demand for new products where the energy inputs are. We have seen a lot of change in Ireland recently we've seen huge shift in policy we have a new Minister for circular economy. That was good timing and a new circular economy unit two dedicated units in the department as well as a new strategy and new program. And soon we'll also see a new national waste management plan for circular economy so we have seen great momentum there. And now we just need to see that policy put into practice. We need to see how we can build on the vision to lead Europe in the circular economy, we need to see real focus on these prevention, the reduction piece on reuse and repair on the targets that we hope to see come through for reuse. And we need to see all the different ways we can make it as easy as accessible and as affordable and viable to be more circular. One area I just wanted to mention in particular that we're very involved in the rediscovery center is in communications and behavioral change and I know communications is only a small part of the picture. But we do think it's really important we have done a survey recently that found only 25% of people understand the term circular economy. I know there was a discussion earlier about language and use of language and we absolutely need to see how do we describe this better and communicate it better. And also how do we engage citizens in this journey how do we do more for example participatory decision making which I know is in the report as well. And we've done a little bit of work in that area recently with the food waste roadmap trying to involve people in how we design our policies and how it impacts them. So I think I suppose in terms of the recommendations in the report I thought it was really interesting that the same recommendations applicable very much to energy transport energy consumption also very much applied to circular economies so how do we avoid excess consumption. That's the very basic principle of circular economy how do we repurpose and share and keep our goods and circulation for as long as possible. And how do we supplement existing products with better design products that will last for longer that can be repaired. And I think all of those, as I said absolutely align with the, with the circular economy principles. So that's my reflections on the report and I hope that helps to stimulate some further discussion. Thank you.