 This paper examines breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices among two indigenous communities in southwestern Uganda. The authors found that 99% of mothers were currently breastfeeding their youngest child and all mothers noted that their child had experienced at least one episode of illness which affected breastfeeding. For key factors affecting breastfeeding and nutrition practices were identified, marginalization and poverty, environmental change, lack of information and poor support. Recommendations including gauging with local and national authorities to improve breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices as well as addressing the drivers and consequences of alcoholism and strengthening family planning programs. This article was authored by Julia Scarpa, Leah Burang Ford, Sebastian Twazikomwe, and others.