 impacts of nationalism on sociology. So in this session we are going to discuss the impacts of nationalism directly on sociology. We all know that sociology is basically related the knowledge based on individuals, society, their interaction with each other and the implications of politics and economics on individuals as well as on the society. So when we talk about the ethnic nationalism then actually we are going to discuss that a group, a feeling of collectiveness, how it can impact the field of sociology. That ethnic nationalism is as open to individual ambitions as our nationalism of the two other types. Basically your nationalism, specifically the ethnic nationalism, what does it mean? My identity is a specific ethnic group based on affiliation on the basis of religion, language, race, a particular culture, sometimes of which it can also be a region. So when people or individuals consider themselves as a group based on a factor, then what impact does it have on the society? Obviously the various implications and impacts of this are different. Because when a group is formed, what does it want to do? It wants to build a combined public opinion. And when a combined public opinion is formed then because of that it will also have an effect on the political system and on the society. Then nationalism in general do promote political process and development in many ways. It is quite simple that political activism obviously takes very different forms in ethnic nationalism and in individualistic and civic nationalisms that produce liberal nations. When it comes to ethnic nationalism, the way it will train its people, the way it will design a conscious approach regarding a specific group, the loyality will be more towards a specific group in comparison with those people, those democratic systems, those political systems where people have a common civic sense that they belong to a state, they belong to a political system. The approach they will have in them, their deliberate efforts will definitely be different and there will be more opportunities for a political system to perform or to work for the people. So in liberal states such nationalism is usually referred as being introvert which focuses on the internal dynamics of the state and its population. Any liberal states or where political systems are developed, why is that? Because their focus is on their cities, on their people and that is why the impact on the overall, on the society and especially on the social actors, whether they are in the political field or whether they are performing their duties in any field, the pattern of working or the pattern of citizenship, that is very improved because people think that they are enjoying the rights but still they have to perform certain duties. The right of the political system is also on them and they have to give rise to all the rights that are being implemented on them by the system, or under the constitution or under the law, as the citizens of that specific state, they have to perform certain duties. So the impact of nationalism overall on sociology, if we want to see it in a concise form, we can say that sociology is a combination of individuals and their interaction with the society. And nationalism can be an individual feeling, it can be a collective feeling, but that feeling, as long as it is not problematic for the society, individual should manage their affiliations in such a way that they do not create problems for the overall political system or create any threat for the state. So until then, society welcomes these approaches, these thoughts, whether it is of individuals, whether it is of a group or a collective, or no matter how active that group is, if it is not creating problems in society, if it is not creating challenges in society, then sociology always absorbs such feelings and such groups and promotes this dialogue and debate.