 जोंसबाआ काि लिवार के है? पुर्स्सी स्था, कुई का लिवार कई, बाला कुई लिवार करनगबाई, चा खुस सिएज Mr. Chakkus 7 सीज बाला बालाई है। आब लाखो है, भॉतारी है! और लाखो कहाई � afin लवा स्थारी। या थी और लेगे ता at the last question. आरसी अग्द्य का या करनेदा। the second one context the third one fourth fifth और लेगे था आrent. अग्द्य का उन्गाँटी कराख्डी कराख्डी तो the final one is the most critical one is the थो from each C has to be connected to the user very strongly at, multiple levels, on the we have seen that during the process you have to repeat the connection with the user and number of times because if you are not really concerned from the point of view of the, problem it will not really work because without that empathy we cannot come up with innovation. We came up with this very simple model called the core team இர Curtain, the enterprise इसक्रान्काशीटने के प्योईदे करदा्चा भल्ज़ेदा क्या, तो अजनाचचा़ यग worst care type and external type. यग भी ज़ोदाश़्ा नहीं है नहीं, यदेश़्ेदी करथाए कर्दाचा के तो थी रहाता है. if you take the context now of your class, what will the core team be? core team will be the 10 people who are part of the team, what would be the enterprise-wide team be? faculty on the campus, who else? teaching assistants, very good, what else? who will be your enterprise-wide team here? lab assistants in labs, vendors who supply equipment to your labs, all those become your people around you whom you can get to PhD students in the labs, and then who will be your network external team? all outside resources, industries, large organizations, very interestingly some of these organizations, they just send an email, they give you loads of data for example if you are designing a bottle and I am working on a new material for a bottle which is hygienic and which can stay for long durations without fungus developing inside and I write to the largest pet manufacturers in the world, they send you catalogs, they send you information, they are ready to talk to you so for example similar in my research and I got this very interesting insight out of the analysis which said that you need to have a constant user feedback loop along the process of design from day one to the connection so this user feedback loop which we are seeing you know around the whole process of design and innovation has to happen at every junction that's very tedious, it's very difficult to have a user react to you very early for example you make a sketch, you want to use a reaction, you make a mock-up model, you want to use a reaction, you make a prototype, you take user reactions, you make pilot production, you take user reactions and then you produce you know large quantities, you are sure to succeed because your users are part of your feedback loop ok so we will see that happening in action in this you know project where we are working on a low cost vein tracer what's a vein tracer, any clue? when you go for a blood donation and you know they want to take blood from your veins they need to do multiple pricks and it's quite painful then the average attempts in a child is 2.35 because it's pretty high so who are the target users here? the target users are the doctors and the caregivers and the secondary users here are the people now let us know what are the methods of understanding your user you have to be in the location where the problem is happening, while it is happening and conduct an inquiry to understand the problem and understand their socio-cultural aspects, understand their livelihoods because all those are very very important for your design intervention so for example you know in our context of a blood bank you have to be in the blood donation camp itself continuously for a couple of days to understand what happens so what is important over here is what do you think is the output mechanisms for all this what should be the output of these studies any guess? for example the experience mapping what should be the output of this study what will you use as a resource to take back home after doing this study time motion analysis, video footages and there are special softwares to even map these videos on to exactly tell you what's happening at when and every area has got deep research knowledge there are thousands and thousands of researchers working on every user like technique which I just mentioned to you