 This study examined the barriers and facilitators to polio vaccination implementation around the world. It found that there are many factors that influence success, including fear, community trust, infrastructure, beliefs about the intervention, influential opinions, intervention design, and geopolitical issues. Knowledge and beliefs about the intervention were the most commonly cited determinants, followed by available resources. The diversity of factors among different groups of people or countries highlights the importance of contexts. Implementers should be aware of the contexts within which polio eradication programs can boost intervention coverage and capacity. This study provides policy makers, practitioners, and researchers with a tool for planning and designing polio immunization programs. This article was authored by Abidima Izezuka, Moron Mingistu, Eric Apoku, and others.