 Hi friends, we are going to see September month Yojana 2022 title Jamon Kashmir Ladakh. In that the three topics which we are going to see is counter-terrorism scenario in Jamon Kashmiri, ushering investments, bridging the digital divide, these are the three topics we are going to see. So that first one is regarding counter-terrorism and scenario in Jamon Kashmir and we know Jamon Kashmir is right now a union territory after removing article 370 and right now Jamon Kashmir has one of the biggest problem with compared with the rest of India or the rest of the states in India that is problem of terrorism. So we will see some certain information based on it and what are the scenario of terrorism in Jamon Kashmir and how government is responding for it. And that will go for page 1 that is paragraph 1 and what paragraph 1 says is, so paragraph 1 says about the beauty of Jamon Kashmir it is most you know the Jamon Kashmir is located in Himalayan ecosystem and it is known for its natural beauty, it is natural beauty and right now Jamon Kashmir is part of union territory. So this was recently done by a government and one of the biggest problem affecting Jamon Kashmir that is given there, problems affecting Jamon Kashmir, first one is regarding cross border terrorism, cross border terrorism. So this cross border terrorism refers about our neighbouring hostile neighbour or our neighbouring country Pakistan where it encourages India to oppose India through means of terrorism and that is the reason for this cross border terrorism. So we know we have a problem with India Pakistan right from our independence so that has creates its own set of problems and Pakistan is using terrorism as a tool to influence India and especially to disturb India and in Jamon Kashmir very particularly. So that is given one is cross border terrorism and next one is separatist violence, what is separatist violence is apart from cross border terrorist entering India there are people within Jamon Kashmir who does not want to be part of India and there section of population Jamon Kashmir who even does not want to be in Pakistan. So they have the separatist mindset they want to create a separate country or especially they want to move out of India so that is the second type of problems in Jamon Kashmir and also armed militancy, armed militancy, these are all local grown with the support of hostile neighbour so armed militancy is another problem in Jamon Kashmir. So they say that in 1990s was the decade where terrorism was at the peak in Jamon Kashmir. So that decade saw the peak of Jamon Kashmir one of the reason is after 1990s we know that user broke down and Afghanistan issues started correct and that all has an impact on Jamon Kashmir militancy because weapons are freely available and those terrorist or what they call it as Mujahideen strained in Afghanistan to fight against conventional army. So with that knowledge and with the easy availability of weapon they began to concentrate on Jamon Kashmir part so that was the reason why in 1990s you can see that militancy was very high in Jamon Kashmir. The next page paragraph one paragraph two three four five six so in paragraph one so they say about what is the current practice of India to contain Jamon Kashmir so they say kinetic operations. So kinetic operation is done by India which primarily focused on targeting, targeting terrorist sympathizers so there will be few power population who will be always supporting terrorism so they are being targeted by the government and humanitarian justice or so humanitarian justice. What is humanitarian justice which includes the time of disasters where Indian army helping the hands to the locals and making health and education available to the local population which is not possible in mostly territories where we have a problem of terrorism. So there is all humanitarian justice which creates goodwill for the country and proactively countering anti India propaganda to counter anti India propaganda so right now we can see that especially after the emergence of social media we can see that a lot of fake news are being passed especially in Jamon Kashmir to create false information about India and its establishments and to counter that right now government is also working on this is all coming part of this kinetic operations of government and this kinetic operations which includes army as a major lead role along with this other measures being taken and paragraph 2 so right now in Kashmir valley we can see that they have said terrorism has reduced a lot and they have given some numbers for that so in 1990s when the peak of terrorism or militancy so there were thousands of terrest operating in those areas right now as per the recent data it has around 163 so current data for the year of 2022 we can take so our establishment says our military says we have 163 active terrest this clearly shows the sharp decline in numbers of terrorism in jamon kashmir which indicates greater improvement of law and order situation jamon kashmir which acts as a catalyst for development when our society is peace and stable automatically development will further in that particular society this numbers clearly indicates that terrorism is going down in jamon kashmir acting as a ground for development and in paragraph 3 they have listed out some local terrorist organizations so there are 3 terrorist organizations which are prominent in jamon kashmir popularly call it as L.E.T. that is Lashkari Toibha Jayishi Muhammath Jayishi Muhammath and Hizbul Mujaagatin so these are the 3 most active terrorist organization and also most well organized and network terrorist organizations in jamon kashmir which is always in the spotlight of our Indian establishments and paragraph 4 and in the entire jamon kashmir where we have the greatest presence of terrorism is in paragraph 4 they say south kashmir so south kashmir is known for terrorism and one of the major reason for the thing is better network better network for terrorist and organizational support so organization support all this acts as a reason for south kashmir becoming the hot bit of terrorism and another most important thing is Pakistan is support so Pakistan support for terrorism how they are providing support that is given in paragraph 5 so what they say is especially in L.O.C. that is line of control which is being accepted by both India and Pakistan in jamon kashmir so what the paragraph says is until L.O.C. there are army vehicles to transport terrorist so mostly terrorists are trained inside Pakistan and there are training camps for them and they have been transport very close to L.O.C. by army vehicles and also identifying infiltration routes this is all done by Pakistan identifying infiltration routes and providing covering cover fire so providing cover fire is nothing but to keep our Indian army engaged with Pakistan army through this firing most systematically fired especially to support this infiltration so that is called providing cover firing and also communication devices providing modern communication devices so that terrorists can get communicate with their handlers especially in Pakistani side so based on their instructions they can work in India so that is the thing what Pakistan is doing especially in India and also so they also found out some tunnels being dug by terrorists to reach on Indian sides so tunnels for example 400 meters from Pakistani side to Indian side especially in sambar district so these are some facts which clearly shows that how desperate terrorists are there to enter India and to destabilize India especially in jamon kashmir and whereas this paragraph 6 says so what are the measures being taken and there are three major forces involved in countering terrorism so one is on the front side of it that is the first tire so first tire is always army and second tire is CRPF it is a central police force especially trained for counter terrorism operations and third tire is JNK police so they are being used to counter terrorism and also we have this anti-infiltration obstacle systems and fencing's anti-infiltration obstacle systems so which primarily focus on drones night vision cameras so night vision surveillance or cameras thermal imaging so these are used by Indian establishment especially by the three forces to stop infiltration so that is given in this page which clearly shows that Indian government is take all the counter measures to stop terrorism and especially through especially cross-border terrorism and paragraph 1, 2, 3 and 4 so in paragraph 1 so until June that is from June 2022 so there are 3 infiltration attempts 5 infiltration attempts and 5 infiltration attempts and in this 3 terrorists entered India so another terrorist are being killed by Indian forces so this clearly shows the success rate of Indian forces and it becomes very effective of controlling cross-border terrorism whereas paragraph 2 speaks about so right now we have this ecosystem terrorism ecosystem so terrorism ecosystem so to terrorism to thrive it is not based only based on Mujahideen's terrorists entering India so there should be always a support system for that in Jamon Kashmir there should be certain people or organizations supporting on backside so that is also being taken care by Indian establishment especially by army so they have identified this so over ground workers they are called as over ground workers so mostly they are responsible for providing intelligence for terrorists and especially military movements or CRPF movements are being given by this workers to the terrorist and establishments locations are all being given by them all come under this over ground workers that is also being monitored by a government and also they have this Jayshi islami and which acts as sympathizers for this terrorist organizations is another name so Jayshi is jammat e islami so they are acting as a sympathizers so they are called as front organizations so they are called as front organizations so in the name of religious organization providing well-being for the people but in background they are the organizations who are trying to support terrorism so that is going to be a paragraph 2 so paragraph 3 so right now we have national investigative agencies and they are primarily focused on investigation of investigation of terror crimes investigation of terror crimes and they are mostly actively involved in Jamon Kashmir and so they are primarily focused on also terror finance also focusing on terror finance and also in ministry of homophias that is terror monitoring group terror monitoring group who actively monitors terrorism and their presence in Jamon Kashmir and this being the terror monitoring group consist of officials from NIA, CBI, IB and JKpolis Jamon Kashmirpolis and also we have officials from central board of direct taxes and central board of indirect taxes so they also help in identifying the terror modules and police organizations helps to identify how they train what are the motives operative of them how they try to work on whereas central board of direct taxes identify how the money is being funded for this activities so that we have this in ministry of homophias terror monitoring group that is going in paragraph 3 so paragraph 4 so we can see that regarding terrorism control Indian government is focusing on this two pronged strategy what is two pronged strategy means trying to eliminate active militants and especially infiltrators who come to India to create trouble in Indian system especially Jamon Kashmir the other strategy is to win the hearts of the people so that is given in paragraph 4 so especially outreach programs are being done so outreach programs are being done and it said that 80 families of active militants in Kashmir's Shofian so to shun the path of violence and they will show the opportunities available for them and mostly they are being misguided local populations entering into terrorism they are being misguided so Indian establishments are trying to reach their families outreach program especially for the families family members so that they can convince the youths not to enter in terrorism next paragraph next page paragraph 1 paragraph 2 paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 so in paragraph 1 so the factors for entering into terrorism being sent so why people enter into terrorism especially in Jamon Kashmir so first and foremost thing is radicalization so radicalization so this was systematically done and people are being radicalized on the name of religion so radicalization next thing is peer pressure because of friends join terrorist organization or family members join terrorist organization that puts a peer pressure on them to be part of the organizations and victimhood some victimhood feeling so sometimes people feel they lost the members due to any of the terrorist related incidents or Indian army operations there will be some collateral damages and so simple to say that wrong person at wrong time so this normally happens in war zones and especially in high security risk areas so this creates victimhood feeling so that also propels them to join this terrorist organization and self radicalization self radicalization and especially that is based on Wahabi this one part of Islam which recommends for violence so and also there is another one called Salafi so Wahabi and Salafi this one form of Islamic propaganda which tries to make people to move towards violent means and recently the another most important thing is cyber space is used for this cyber space for radicalization and especially they use this dark web social media for promoting terrorism this is given in paragraph one so paragraph two so Indian army has an initiative called Sahi Prastha this you can use it in your answer rating so in this initiative what Indian army is promoting is army promotes sports sports or training programs training programs tours to open up the minds of the people skill development so Indian army showing the various opportunities available for the people of Jammu and Kashmir through this initiative Sahi Prastha initiative this you can use it in your answer rating what are the measures taken in India not only to counter terrorism through force government is also thinking of all other possible opportunities so that Jammu and Kashmir can be integrated with India and paragraph three and there is a term called hybrid terrorist hybrid terrorist so in Jammu and Kashmir what is hybrid terrorist are these are first time people involving terrorism and mostly they are sympathizers without any criminal records so ultimately the army or CLP doesn't have the basic information about the people involving it so they are called as hybrid terrorist so mostly terrorist sympathizers and mostly the person doing the terrorism for the first time so they are called a hybrid terrorist this is another category of terrorist emerging in Jammu and Kashmir and apart from this in Jammu and Kashmir also they have this virtual terrorist groups these are the new areas of terrorism so virtual terrorist groups so like Jammu and Kashmir so Ghastanavi force or resistance force so resistance force they are nothing but the names of different organizations given but primarily these are the organizations designed by already existing three terrorist organizations like Lashkari, Toyba or Hizbul, Mujahideen so they are giving the different names for it and right now intelligence is also being strengthened to monitor all these things intelligence strengthened by CRPF JK Polis to monitor this virtual terrorist organizations so next we go for paragraph 1 paragraph 2 in paragraph 1 so Pakistan is using right now the cyber space to create false narrative so because of this weaponization of information right now Pakistan is clearly knows that they cannot oppose Indian army conventionally and also they understood that terrorism is also not working in Jammu and Kashmir because India is very highly effective in controlling terrorism through multi-prone strategies so Pakistan is right now using the cyber space and creating a false narrative about India and especially Indian security forces among Jammu and Kashmir and across the world this we called as weaponization of information so they want to create a wrong information among the Jammu and Kashmir people and the rest of the world right now to counter that so armies so Indian army so Indian armies Srinagar based Chinnar crops implementing a counter response and so they are also focusing on this dimension of Pakistan's initiative counter measures to avoid this false narrative is this is regarding this first news article second is regarding ushering investments so right now Jammu and Kashmir so it has a huge potential for development so investment need to be concentrated there so regarding that news article so page paragraph one paragraph two so in paragraph one so there are some facts being given about Jammu and Kashmir so so Jammu and Kashmir's previous state affairs are being discussed here so government expenditure in 2018-19 was 57 percentage of total gross domestic product so simply to say that in 2018-19 that is gross state domestic product like GDP for a nation we have of our state gross state domestic product what is gross state domestic product means within the state boundaries what are the economic value of goods and services and as per 2018-19 this gross state domestic product is primarily focused on 57 percentage of that comes from government expenditure so what we need to understand is Jammu and Kashmir economy is entirely driven based on government expenditure which is not good for a system where private initiatives need to be there so it will be more sustainable when compared with government focusing on a lot of its expenditures and this clearly shows that there is lack of investments and lack of private players one of the primary reason is what we saw in the previous news article regarding terrorism presence and all so what 2018-19 data says is about the gross state domestic product 57 percentage government expenditure and mostly funded by central government funded by central government so which clearly indicates that even state governments does not have the financial ability to spend the money so they entirely depends upon central government for their economic life so that is what the paragraph 1 says and paragraph 2 so paragraph 2 also gives some data and the total receipts of Jammu and Kashmir about 40 percentage comes came from center and a massive government workforce approximately 5 lakh employees ensured over quarter of its total receipts were consumed by salaries and pensions so what we need to understand is when you say receipts means you can say about money or revenue 40 percentage comes from central government comes from central government and they have 5 lakh employees in state government of Jammu and Kashmir employees in Jammu and Kashmir state and they are going to consume around quarter so around 25 percentage is spent as salaries and pensions and please understand in any economies there is a term called capital expenditure and revenue expenditure so capital expenditures are related to creation of infrastructures which will results in furthering the economy example construction of a port or a road network this all comes under capital expenditure which is always good for the economy so it results in further development of the economy but if you say revenue expenditure it is more related with recurring expenditures which does not have a direct contribution to the economy like salaries for employees right now we can say Jammu and Kashmir around 25 percentage is going as a salary which is not a good thing to indicate so we can see that infrastructures development is also lacking so that is given there and even they have a comparison of two Himalayan states one is Jammu and Kashmir another is Himachal Pradesh that per capita net state domestic product is 94000 so per capita net state domestic product for Jammu and Kashmir is around 94000 so to say that every people in Jammu and Kashmir is contributing around 94000 rupees to Jammu and Kashmir economy whereas we take this Himachal Pradesh it is around 176000 which clearly indicates that there is a greater development in Himachal Pradesh both belong to the same region both are Himalayan ecosystems but we can see one state's contribution is very less when compared with other states GDP so that is what it clearly indicates and road density another most important thing is regarding road density so road density is another important indicator of development and which is less than that is one-fifth of Himachal Pradesh so assume that if there is five roads in Himachal Pradesh that is only one road in Jammu and Kashmir equivalent so one-fifth of Himachal Pradesh road density what Jammu and Kashmir got so this clearly says the poor infrastructure development also idle power is not being exploited as we know that Jammu and Kashmir is located in Himalayan ecosystem it is a mountainous area potential for idle power is very large but it is not being exploited in compared with Himachal Pradesh so this data clearly shows that development is missing in Jammu and Kashmir in paragraph one paragraph two paragraph three paragraph four five six and seven so in paragraph one so paragraph one which says what are the natural disadvantage for Jammu and Kashmir so Jammu and Kashmir disadvantages cost involved in it so cost involved and majorly it is related to transportation cost so any products if you want to take it to Jammu and Kashmir it is mountainous area the cost will be always high because of transportation cost are very high for example you want to create an infrastructure the project cost for example in Punjab one lakh rupees means because of transportation cost there will be a higher expenditures need to be done Jammu and Kashmir in mountainous areas we want to spend a lot of money to take raw materials to the site so that is what they are given in paragraph one and paragraph two which says that as the cost is very high for Jammu and Kashmir to run the economy of Jammu and Kashmir policy makers it is the article what they say policy makers need to focus on so focus on goods and services which belong to the niche areas so as the transportation cost will be very high for Jammu and Kashmir so niche areas or segments so if you want to promote the Jammu and Kashmir economy the conventional products and services will not stand in competitive market because cost will be comparatively high because transportation cost is involved in it so offset that what the policy makers need to think is there are certain products or services which are very unique to Jammu and Kashmir where you cannot enjoy those from other parts of India or other parts of the world where you can go for premium price of it and that should be promoted so for to compensate this cost of transportation that was the article says and for that Jammu and Kashmir both ample measures could serve as a springboard in efforts to transform the economy so what are those aspects are so they have identified in paragraph 3 so what are those type of commodities or products or services which has a unique advantages one is high quality low volume products high quality low volume products so they have given examples like walnut saffron and saffron of Jammu and Kashmir is global famous and it is also very lucrative spices which can be sold for premium prices so what the article says is policy makers need to take this into consideration to promote Jammu and Kashmir economy because it is high quality low volume where premium price can also be said because it is a niche area so in entire India saffron is majorly come from Jammu and Kashmir and demand for that is very high in market and across the world also especially in Arab countries so that should be used and also they are known for this unique hand looms unique hand looms products of Jammu and Kashmir and also tourist potentials are very high so tourism potentials are very high so these can this can be a greatest advantage for promoting Jammu and Kashmir economy one is depending upon some unique products and also exploiting the tourism potential of Jammu and Kashmir we already saw that Jammu and Kashmir is located in a scenic beauty area of Himalayan ecosystems where people will be ready to spend money to enjoy the Himalayan ecosystems so that potentials can also be exploited so that is given in that paragraph 3 as paragraph 4 so paragraph 4 says about this Jammu and Kashmir industrial policy so apart from this Jammu and Kashmir also creating an industrial policy by 2021 to 2030 so for 10 years they have given industrial policy and primarily focused on investments so investment to promote the industrial growth so that is also there so Jammu and Kashmir government is also interested on promoting industries even they created a policy for it that is given there and whereas in paragraph 5 so investment growth and employment and so they need to focus on mostly highly labor intensive industries so which can provide employment opportunities for every Jammu and Kashmir people and they have identified few areas one as discussed tourism next thing is handicrafts which already Jammu and Kashmir is known for it horticulture so this has a great potential for it and also they can focus on IT enable services and health services low hanging fruits in Jammu and Kashmir economy is if you want to just leapfrog Jammu and Kashmir economy to the next level low hanging fruits or which can be easily exploited right now for Jammu and Kashmir is on its tourism and handicrafts and horticulture so they have the potential to generate a lot of revenue for Jammu and Kashmir that is given in paragraph 5 and paragraph 6 so paragraph 6 focus on this service industries so they are going to focus on service industries to promote Jammu and Kashmir economy around 53% of JNK economy is dominated by services and most as discussed previously it can be health services or tourism tourism and especially film tourism is another most important potential of Jammu and Kashmir so that is given paragraph 6 and paragraph 7 so we will go for the next page for it paragraph 1, paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 so in paragraph 1 so they say that they are going to promote tourism again a major focus of it and so cultural tourism can also be promoted that is given there cultural tourism that is Sufi festivals are very famous in Jammu and Kashmir which can be promoted especially in Islamic world so Sufi festivals and tourist villages can be related here and rural tourism so can also be promoted so rural tourism is another potential for Jammu and Kashmir that is going paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 so they focus on horticulture potential for Jammu and Kashmir is very high so horticulture is regarding growing flaws which has a global market and horticulture price is very high and orchids so horticultures orchids orchidding is one as part of this horticulture and cash crops aromatic plants so all this can be promoted which has a potential to generate lot of revenue for Jammu and Kashmir and also international collaborations can be done so international collaborations especially to develop Jammu and Kashmir and Jammu and Kashmir and UAE has close relationship so investments of UAE can use to build the potentials of Jammu and Kashmir so that is going in this paragraph 3 so this is getting second news article so what are the potentials for Jammu and Kashmir's investments next bridging the digital divide third article so paragraph 1 paragraph 2 and paragraph 3 so in paragraph 1 so direct rate of school education Jammu home classes was being created especially during this pandemic that is nothing but Jammu and Kashmir is using modern technology to reach the children so especially use of digital means so that is initiative is direct rate of direct rate of school education school education Jammu home classes so is a reason initiative in Jammu and Kashmir especially during pandemic to reach school children so that is given in to reach school children and paragraph 2 speaks about so right now they have used all the more social media platforms social media platforms like Google Meet Zoom Facebook WhatsApp Telegram so telegram to reach the people so to reach children's basically indicates that Jammu and Kashmir's effectively use technology to reach children's during this pandemic situations and they have created this around 25,000 very precise 25,000 606 WhatsApp group WhatsApp group for e-learning for e-learning in Jammu and Kashmir and so they have also said that around 10,000 government schools are being connected so as paragraph 3 speaks about and also we have this direct rate of school education Jammu's home assignment so this is also another initiative in Jammu and Kashmir where students are being engaged students engagement is being done engaged in learning process especially by means of technology so that is another one and in that they have listed said that around 10,000,000 children's are being connected next paragraph 1, 2, 3, 4 paragraph 5 so in paragraph 1 so in Jammu and Kashmir they have created this SARL app Android app and primarily focused on all in one so all in one so this is going to connect all the various educational portals various educational portals in India are being connected through this SARL app of Jammu and Kashmir and like Dixia, Ipatsala, Samin, Ividya then so all are being connected and especially through this one app so this has a greatest advantage for the students to get the contents from various sources so that is one important app created in Jammu and Kashmir and also it is able to provide the text books also access to text books because during pandemic people cannot go home especially children are not allowed to go home and so to get the studies it is not possible for them to get the text books physically so that online availability is also done through this app so that is going in paragraph 1 so paragraph 2 so they have also created this so so regarding a web based mechanism to monitor the schools to track to monitor and track track infrastructures so track infrastructures comma teachers on the expertise so this is another initiative in Jammu and Kashmir school education department so to monitor and track the school environment or school ecosystem how it is functioning again use of technology is being there and paragraph 3 so this helps to identify with this particular initiative they are able to identify this scholarship details student teacher ratio student teacher ratio is being ensued and scholarship details are being ensued scholarship details and so all this data is used for proper planning by tracking and monitoring so by tracking and monitoring school education department of Jammu and Kashmir able to get all this data and there is effectively used for planning process that is going in paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 so they have this initiative called Samadhan so its online grievance system grievance is nothing but complaint system and especially regarding school educations and it will be registered to the corresponding authorities and they have said that under this online grievance system especially for school education some data are given around 1034 grievance is being registered so that is the importance of Samadhan and next one is they have this JNK education hub so JNK education hub so in this they are going to use web based system to host academic digital content so academic digital content to be hosted in this so it can be accessed by students and even best digital academic contents are being hosted here and students have access to it through single portal so that is the importance of it and paragraph 5 so they have this E-office so E-office of direct rate is being initiated so E-office developed by NIC National Informatics Centers and to increase the accountability and efficiency of JNK School Education Direct Rate School Education Direct Rate these are some of the decision initiatives in Jermaine Kashmir Education which is being registered here and all these three topics how effectively you can use in your main answer rating is any questions regarding Jermaine Kashmir issues of Jermaine Kashmir we can relate all this and also what are the measures taken by government all this can be said and especially to counter terrorism what are the measures taken by Indian government army all this you can write as points in it and similarly to promote Jermaine Kashmir after article 3 was scrapped what are the actions taken by government for enhancing Jermaine Kashmir is investment opportunities what are being created and how they are promoting social infrastructure that is education all these points can be discussed thank you