 The present study assessed spatiotemporal changes in human thermal stress characteristics in South Asia based on daily minimum, maximum and mean universal thermal climate indices using a high spatial resolution database for the period 1981 to 2019. Results showed a significant increase in heat stress in the region, with the highest human thermal stress in Western Afghanistan, the Indo-Gangetic Plain, and Southeastern and Central parts. The study also found that the region is likely to observe more frequent and intense heat extremes in the coming decades and that there is a robust positive coherence between UTCI indices and El Nino Southern Oscillation Index in certain areas. The findings are critical for understanding human thermal stress and adopting effective risk reduction strategies against heat extremes in South Asia, and the study recommends a detailed investigation of the underlying drivers of UTCI variability in the region. This article was authored by Sofeila, Ching Longyu, Gujia Wang and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.