 Instructions to my students earlier this evening. I realized that this is my fifth year running this show at UW Shibuya Which means it's going to be the best show ever despite the rain Now they're going to be some announcements, but we're going to start the show off Hopefully impressively right now. So first I'm going to call up my organic students So we have We have Eric Chen Yu Kyle Lisa Jar and Alexandra, I'm not actually sure what order they're going to be doing this first, but Okay, so We're going to start off with something that Sort of worked can I keep the the lights up the station like that just for a moment So this is a saturated solution of sodium acetate It's a salt very similar to sodium chloride the what you put on your food and if you pour it out No Okay, see we're not starting off on the right foot here We're starting off with something that unfortunately happens with chemistry things don't always work So as far as the best show ever i'm not off to a good start But we're going to change it up. Okay, so can I have the stage lights down, please You guys ready So first We're going to be using lycopodium powder lycopodium is a moss If you dry that moss you get a very fine powder that looks like Off-white flour and if you've ever seen flour and flame mixed together, you know what can happen And if you blow it through a piece of tygon and tubing you can make a little flamethrower, but Doing it once Well, we'll we'll we'll work on that in a minute So we're gonna try the bubbles next so we're going to get back to that in a moment So many of you probably have Natural gas helping to heat your house and to heat your water It's very flammable And if you bubble it through soapy water Ready If you lift up some of these bubbles, I know we're being very mysterious here The jar has some of these bubbles in our hand Now natural gas one of the reasons why we can use it in our houses is it burns very cleanly and it burns very quickly but So I gave these students an exam today and they're kind of mad so they they promised that they wanted to set me on fire So I think I should let them do that. Don't you think the lights back up, please So this is what you can do when you're in a lab on a thursday afternoon And you're searching for something that can be a lot of fun to do and to begin a cool chemistry show And uh when your instructor gets involved I end up, you know Setting my hands on fire, but I tell you it's a lot of fun I'm dr. James cabral And one of the chemistry instructors on this campus the second chemistry instructor is dr. Carrie root camp she was helping in taking the tickets and getting everything else organized So please give a round to Carrie and her students who have also been helping you'll see them around I would not be able to do this without her I want to remind you before we even begin that after the show directly after the show if you proceed out if you if you go to Exiting the theater if you go to your left and follow the signs all the way up to the second floor of the science building Our beautiful science building everyone will able will be able to make slime. I think well flubber actually Um, and you'll be able to take it home. So you will be able to take something home with you Also when coming in um something new this year I made a little printout of a couple of experiments that you could do at home And as I've said in bold letters on that handout make sure that an adult is always present So there were three experiments one was homemade lava lamps One was dry ice bubbles, which you will see tonight And the third one was cornstarch and water to make a non-Newtonian fluid You will also see that tonight all of them can be done very inexpensively And as long as you have one of these plastic drop cloths around you can clean up quick So i'm a big fan of plastic drop cloths, you know, whenever you're doing something like this you could see they're around So tonight you're going to see a lot of color a lot of flashing And my general camera street students doing all variety of things Remember science always has to be safe. So whenever you see my students up here, they will have their goggles on We will from time to time during the show have assistance Now we are going to call you up if you have a Pink or blue, I forget the colors pink or blue tickets, which are coming down to me drumroll, please drumroll Oh, they're all blue, okay, they're all blue So when it comes time to have assistance, I will ask you to get your tickets out big raffle And I will pick depending on what the nature of the experiment is an older assistant or younger assistant If your ticket is called, please make your way to where the projector is We will have a set of goggles for you We will have some gloves for you because we want you to be as safe as possible Please if you come up on stage follow either my instructions or my students instructions We want you to be very safe Some of the experiments will have you come up with are a bit flashy if you get my meaning So we're going to have a lot of fun tonight So without further ado, I'm going to ask rain and Jess to come up front And you'll notice that we have a set of balloons up here first. So We're going to start off with Jess and Rain is very direct with the The fire so what we're going to start with Is a balloon that contains just oxygen. So oxygen you breathe it in It's what keeps us one of the things that keeps us alive now oxygen Oxygen is required to burn things but oxygen itself is not very flammable But we have something else that is a little bit flammable. So what I suggest is for you to put your fingers in your ears What's that? Oh, can we have the lights down please? Okay, so The gas in that particular balloon was just hydrogen hydrogen is lighter than air. That's why it was floating up. It's very similar to helium In its size helium is not flammable, but hydrogen is now What happens if you combine hydrogen and oxygen again fingers in your Fingers in your ears I think we're gonna skip it still burns, but there's more energy created when you combine hydrogen oxygen if you combine hydrogen and oxygen They could see it already If you combine hydrogen and oxygen you make water water's the byproduct We're getting a lot of water coming down out of the sky today. Unfortunately Now that was a smaller version This is the bigger version now Moving target so you really want to have your fingers in your ears for this one. I thought you said you could hit a moving target Go I'm just gonna turn that off hydrogen. That's my fault So this is thicker latex than the other balloons You know sometimes it takes a little bit of effort, but that effort that you get to put into it is really worth the weight And the nerves If you're a professor Thank you rain and Jess Big round So I have to can I have the lights up please so I have to tell you a story When rain and Jess were getting this together Rain said to me so how big can we go? And what did I do I did this I'm never going to do that again Was it really that bad? No, I wasn't as bad as I expected. Are you all right? All right Rain is what we call hardcore So next we're going to have keen and trevor come up. We're going to do a little change of pace They're going to be doing the magic bottle. So while they get set up. We need our first volunteers So this is going to be two younger volunteers. So I'm going to take the Younger volunteers. So make sure you have your tickets out So I'm going to pick two at random. I'm going to move these around So make sure that if you are picked, please come down front to where trevor and keen Are standing and we'll make sure we get you gloved and gobbled. Okay 703 755 Come on down You're the next contestant on cool chemistry Our other assistant is 703 373 Don't worry. We'll have more opportunities for assistance So this is the magic bottle experiment. You'll notice that what keen and trevor are doing right now Filling a variety of beakers with clear liquids and they're going to do six of these So if you've ever done red cabbage indicator, how many people have done red cabbage indicator? Maybe I should have included that one on that list of cool experiments. So if you take red cabbage And you put in a food processor with a little bit of warm water you get cabbage juice. Everyone wants to drink cabbage juice, right? I wouldn't either I promise you that But what happens is if you take that red cabbage juice And you add a few drops of a variety of household liquids if you add in vinegar if you add in bleach If you add in salt solution, you're going to get different colors. So depending on what you add it could turn Blue it could turn green. It could turn red Now we don't have red cabbage indicator But we do have What do we have trevor and keen? What do we have? See keen is a little bit of a showman. So I'm surprised he didn't have a little remark for me right there His grade is not at stake Please don't believe anything. He says keen was just in god's spell recently. So if you had attended the uh The performances of god's spell in this very theater So What you can do if you have the right magic solutions is that you can change them color So our assistants are going to be assisting with this Now with any experiment not every experiments, but some experiments take multiple steps So what are we adding here? I'm trying to look at the label. I can't see it from here You can have the move around front if it's easier to So what are in these solutions are called indicators and red cabbage is an indicator It indicates whether or not you have an acid or a base present Vinegar is acidic Bleach is basic If you've ever tasted anything that had vinegar in it, it's a very sour taste acids taste very sour If you ever had lime juice lime juice contains a little bit of base and it's kind of Bitter and some experiments take a little longer than others Don't worry folks. We'll get there in the end I can always start cracking jokes If you ask my students, they'll tell you they don't want you they don't they don't want me to do that Because i'm not very funny See they're they're laughing because and clapping because i'm not actually funny okay, so So our our our assistants are stirring right now and once they're done stirring Ah, there we go if we could have them if we could have the assistants move aside whenever you guys are ready So i highly suggest the red cabbage indicator so I can see from here and we'll get okay. Do we get there? Okay, so the clear solutions that were originally added You'll notice that all these solutions are now colored So one of the things that was added what was added? NaOH sodium hydroxide, which is uh another name for sodium hydroxide is soda ash It's basic and the indicators if you look down the row when you add sodium hydroxide They all turn a different color when you add in that base Now can since this is the magic bottle experiment does the magic bottle. Can I make it disappear? Okay, you think so Okay, see this is this is the kind of thing that happens in class to sort of back and forth These are the funny guys i'm not you know as i've shown already i'm not funny Yeah, go ahead. I think i'm gonna go assist So once you have something that's basic If you add acid back in so if you had bleach and you added vinegar You could make that color go away So if you ever do red cabbage indicator you add in bleach it will turn blue If you add in vinegar it will go back to purple So something you could try out at home. So thank you very much for our assistance so Next on the list is lauren and sarah They're going to do colored flames. So we're going to let them get set up So what we're going to do is we're going to get set up and they're going to show you first And then we're going to have two volunteers to come try it So I think we'll get those volunteers now. So this is going to be the older subset our older assistants So i'm going to mix these up 703375 And 703379 So make sure those assistants that come up make sure you get goggles and gloves So as you'll notice what we're going to do is we're going to sort of go back and forth between fire and something else and fire and something else It doesn't it doesn't really, you know, it's not great to have all the fire all at once. Where's the fun in that, right? I feel like I need to make a public service announcement never play with matches please What I suggest is when you get to the college level come here and you could do all this cool stuff Okay, so if our assistants can come ahead and please step back behind lauren and sarah first Can I have the how the stage lights mostly down not completely but mostly down so notice the color so The propane in the tank is burning blue But if we add our specific solution or another magic solution, we can change the color of that flame So that was a copper salt. Am I correct? Okay So that was green. Which one's next? potassium chloride. So this is potassium So that was I think supposed to be white pinkish purple white some combination there of And the next one is sodium chloride. So this is table salt So very very bright orange. Okay, so now we're going to have our assistants come up Please make sure you're spraying towards the slate tiles there So spray down and away red and if I'm correct red is strontium strontium chloride and the only one I know that's left is boron which is borax. So if you dissolve borax, so How many people love fireworks? I should ask how many people don't love fireworks, right? so So if you ever get to talk to a person who makes fireworks They're most likely a chemist. So the salts that you see here. We dissolve them in a little bit of water and a little bit of alcohol and when they burn Specific chemical reaction occurs where you actually Make a little bit of different colors. So whenever you see the colors of fireworks They're different salts. So we have those same salts here, but of course in fireworks It's a lot of solid material that propelled hundreds of feet up in the air and it's really awesome on 4th of july Now unfortunately, we don't have the means to make fireworks here. It'd be cool if we did But the same kind of chemistry occurs right here. So that was our magic spray bottle So give a hand to our assistants and to lauren and sarah Next we have amira and sierra And this is going to be elephant's toothpaste. This is one of my favorites There's nothing like having to involve a kiddie pool If you if you're able to see down from the top row, you could probably tell that we've used it quite a bit over the last couple of years Uh, and I don't we've used it recently and haven't watched it completely out So we're going to need one older assistant for this Let me mix this up again 703 752 Please come out then goggles and gloves, please Now in most medicine cabinets, most likely people have hydrogen peroxide. So if you ever get a cut Unfortunately, you may have to use hydrogen peroxide which can sting from time to time But you'll notice that it tends to bubble a little bit when you get on your skin Hydrogen peroxide is a very similar structure to water chemically If you look at the structure of water, it's two hydrogens and one oxygen So what Ray and Jess were making earlier when they were doing their balloon experiment They were making water which is falling down on this as I said Peroxide contains an extra oxygen and that extra oxygen allows Um a release of energy and that peroxide That's okay. I think that's enough Um That extra oxygen helps kill the bacteria that you get on your skin. So you don't get an infected cut now You can release that oxygen a lot faster if you have the right catalyst and our catalyst today is potassium iodide But it's not fun enough If you just release that and and you get a little bit of you know, the oxygen coming out It helps if you have a little bit of soap along with it. So what we're mixing in that two liter bottle I I was getting a look. I thought I was doing something wrong Okay Um, if you mix all of those within a two liter bottle We'll see what kind we what kind of height we can get on this So we've done this previously anyone who has been to this show before It's probably seen this done in a graduated cylinder. So a low glass tube It sort of flows out and it really does look like toothpaste Keep in mind that a two liter soda bottle has a much thinner exit And if you have a much thinner exit things escape a little bit quicker and faster We're gonna have to redo this one a little bit later We need more potassium iodide. Well, we'll come back to this one So what I would like instead is to have Three amigos come up So we're gonna do something a little bit similar We're gonna do diacoke and mentos Okay, you guys gonna do this all at once okay, so Wait for my signal My my signal one two Okay, ready one two three So I knew they'd love this one. Okay, so This works best you can try this at home again. I would suggest doing this outside In a kiddie pool or on the grass so So Make sure that what you get is diet soda not the regular regular will work But it won't get that kind of height. I mean that was a good about six feet. I think and that one of them so Unfortunately the sugar that it is regular soda changes the density and changes the makeup of the solution of soda that You do get a little bubbling, but it doesn't get that distance without the sugar You really release all of the carbon dioxide gas all at once so Again, I suggest trying this at home, but make sure you do it outside not in the kitchen Um, I know that there there are a lot of experiments that you think the kitchen is the best spot to do it I suggest outside or in the garage because kitchens have nice counters and a lot of these things Do it outside? Okay, so what do we have next? So we have taren and kevin this is sort of a two-part experiment So we're going to set this up first It's a little longer experiment So we're going to set it up and then we're going to come back to it later Just like we're going to come back to the elephant's toothpaste later So what we're going to use here is something you can also buy It's a battery Batteries can generate energy So what we're going to do is use the battery the large battery that we have to do a chemical reaction Now this one is going to take a little bit of time So what we're doing is showing you the setup first. So what they're making is a complete circuit To complete the circuit requires a solution of a salt and the salt that bright blue salt is copper sulfate What's attached to the alligator clips are pieces of copper metal Now What are we going to do with that? We're going to turn that blue solution into copper metal But we need something to deposit it on and it's going to be that piece of silverware. So you'll notice hold up That's our piece of silverware It's silver looking right now, but I can tell you that after about 20 minutes. It's not going to look silver anymore So go ahead and start So that circuit is now complete if you have a solution of a salt many salts It will conduct electricity. So if you Connect this appropriately to say a light it would generate light But we're going to use it for chemistry instead. So we're setting this up right now We may need to check on it If you need to come up and adjust it go ahead and do so. So we're going to come back to this one So this is something a little bit different than we've shown previously And we're just going to let that react and we'll see what happens with that solution when we come back a little bit later So we'll do a round of applause for them after we show you again. Okay, okay good. So next we have Brian and Hailey And and Brian's awesome just for the fact that he's wearing a bow tie Well, I should say Hailey's awesome because she's got a genius shirt geniuses in the elements. So It might might be hard to see but I want one of those shirts So we're going to do the uh, these two are going to do genie in a bottle So if you've ever seen oh if you go back I dream of genie Uh, I I think it might be on the uh the channel me tv But if you've ever seen a genie, okay, maybe I should say Aladdin. I mean these people have seen the movie Aladdin Disney one of the best ever When you rub that lamp The genie comes out now Unfortunately, we don't have a real genie or robin williams See these are the kind of jokes that I tell in class and I get that kind of reaction So go ahead and start with one Or are you gonna do all of them at once? Oh, we're gonna do them all at once So normally when you rub a genie's lamp The genie comes out in this case We're doing it via a chemical reaction. So there was a little bit of a bag of a powder material manganese dioxide You drop it down into peroxide and much like The elephant's toothpaste experiment you release the oxygen gas So in this case we're just releasing the oxygen gas in it Generates a little smoke And you can see that sometimes when you run three different experiments one works better than the other So that red one is really going And that's very patriotic by the way red white and blue Can I keep those? Again, I love the bow tie. I need to get a bow tie. It's quite warm Is that smoke toxic? It's water vapor. Are you worried ray? We'll just let it go. Is that better? Comedians I'm surrounded by comedians That's okay. At least it's more funny, right? Okay, next we're going to have hydrophobic sand. So this is going to be Travis and Graham So we're going to need to turn on a projector for this So yes, we're including much more technology this year So it's going to take a little bit to warm up So This is another one that you can do at home as we watch the genie still coming out of the bottle and Panasonic So what we have is craft sand. So this is sand that I purchased At hobby lobby close-up So I believe what we have here is an ordinary beaker of ordinary water. Is that correct? Okay, very correct And you're going to pour in just some of this red graph sand and see what happens So the sand is active with water just like if you were at the beach and you picked up some sand and dropped into the water It's more dense than water. So we'll sink to the bottom So is this the moon sand that you're adding it? Okay, so What Travis and Graham have done they have sprayed some of this craft sand With scotch guard, which is a protectant. It's a sealant So you'll notice that it's falling down. I haven't seen this before so So Travis, maybe you can you can explain a little bit more project Yeah, okay We baked the sand at like 200 degrees for an hour to get all the moisture out of it And then once all the moisture is out of it, we can spray it with the scotch guard spray And it absorbs the spray much like it would normal water Except for the scotch guard spray is waterproof. So when you put it in the water, it actually doesn't absorb any water And the kind of silvery covering you see on it is actually air that's trapped in the sand Because the water can't get into it And that is what happens when you spray the sand with scotch guard and we have one other little small thing to show you This was this was a new one for me this year. So I'm glad these guys come up came up with it. So again So there are a couple of things the the ones that we've described that you can do at home Um that I didn't include a little sheet. I handed out. I did include my email address Um and I'm more than happy to share some of these experiments The students have provided me all the instructions. So I will be able to send those to you The other thing that you can do is that all you have to do greatest thing in the world is doing a google search Just search for moon sand and you should be able to find Instructions to do so. So now we have some of the sand between two watch glasses okay, so Okay, so one watch glass and we've got some of the sand on top of it And now they're putting a little bit of water on top So normally if you were to add water on top of sand it would start to permeate right through So in the the sand that they've made It prevents that water from going down and so it's sort of collecting In the middle So scotch guard, which is something you could buy at walmart or target or kmart any of those stores And craft sand you can use regular sand if you wish Craft sand is colored and so anything that's colored is more fun That's really cool So all of that water Okay mop that up Get the water away from the technology. There are the towels underneath on that shelf there really like that one that one's Might be a little bit messy, but again plastic drop cloths okay, so Next we have lis and tanner doing an oscillating reaction and thankfully we're going to keep that projector back up Now we're going to do what's called an oscillating chemical reaction And what they're placing on the projector Is what we call a stir plate So it's magnetically stirred and what they're going to do is mix a sequence of clear chemicals Now just like the magic bottle experiment. Can we make a little bit of color from these clear solutions? And you can probably guess that yes we can do that So this is solution a Or is it solution c i forget the order they told me the order earlier Potassium iodide so A lot of these chemicals are very versatile. They're used in a lot of different chemical reactions. So that was potassium iodide this is manganese And this is the peroxide peroxide is also So we've got one color So the combination of those three Oh my gosh, it worked So watch so if you guys can move move back just a little bit you'll notice that this changes color from amber To blue back to amber and we're not doing anything. It's like magic So I feel like it could do this So this is why it's called an oscillating reaction because it goes back and forth. I have to tell you They've done this what four times now. This is the first time it worked So now they're going to add in a fourth chemical sodium thiosulfate And it should stop the reaction Now let's see if it goes back. I think this actually worked properly this time completely There's magic on this stage seriously. There's magic on this stage All right, so that is called the briggs rousher oscillating reaction So in the course of that reaction you take potassium iodide and you make iodine. So I don't think they do this much anymore, but instead of peroxide Nurses used to put iodine on your skin to kill infections and it's a very purple crystal So what you're doing in the course of this reaction is making some of that purple crystal And that was the bluish color that you saw in the oscillating reaction And in the course of the reaction that iodine gets used up and you turn back to amber and it goes back and forth So theoretically that could run for 10 or 15 minutes, I believe and just keep going back and forth. So Thank goodness. Cool chemistry. Sometimes things really do work So we're going to come back to Elephant's toothpaste so we're going to pick a another helper Oh, you mean, okay 703 609 Just put a beside Okay, so once again we're using potassium iodide the same salt that was used in the previous experiment So again versatile chemicals So we still have our mixture of soap food coloring And hydrogen peroxide And we're putting that potassium iodide right in So when we tried this one A week ago we didn't get that much height And there's still a little bit of soap stuck up there So you'll notice it's still going And it probably will still be going much like oh, it looks like our genie in the bottle. So finally stopped So it does take a while and thank you to our helper So we're just going to let that go. I don't think we need the kiddie pool for a while So the the next group we have up are new and michael we're about halfway through and they're going to be doing handheld fire I haven't seen this one yet Okay, so this is one that I would not suggest trying at home So what michael I knew have made are little balls of cotton. So it's cotton strips wound in cotton string 100% cotton. I made sure to get 100% cotton so Ball of cotton And what they're putting on is lighter fluid Now lighter fluid also burns very quickly You can you can wipe off there's the the bucket of water here So it burns fast enough as long as you move it around You don't have to juggle it. I juggle from time to time So I'm getting calls from from the people behind me that I should start juggling these but uh, I don't think we have enough of them to juggle Okay Okay One of the things you can always tell if it's an active lab where things are being bird you always get that slightly burned smell So if you come up the stage you get that slightly burned smell. It looks like our elephant's tooth face has finally died out um, but That was awesome. I always love that I will tell you a little bit of the story My wife who is in the audience She's the chemistry one of the chemistry professors at uw manatewalk. They have their own cool chemistry show coming up on may 8th May 8th If you've ever been up to manatewalk's theater, they have a theater where the stage is raised up above And they did that very same experiment if you look at the panels up above the stage in manatewalk There's a little bit of a stain there That stain is from elephant's toothpaste So that's where I got the idea to do it in a two-liter coke bottle. So I think we're definitely going to do it that way from now on So next we have yang and mai moa and they're going to be doing bubbles and again We're going to need volunteers. So while they get set up I'm going to do one from each group Okay, seven zero three three five one And seven zero three three six two Can I have someone help with the gloves and goggles? Okay, so How many have had those little bottles of bubble solution that you get the little thing that you blow through and you make these little bubbles that go up I always loved those when I was a kid well You could do this on a much larger scale and that's what we're going to do now Maybe I'll turn that So come on around So this is a bubble solution of regular dish soap water and corn syrup And what we have here are two dowels, but you can also use yard sticks And we have a little piece of string connected there and the weight is just a washer And all you have to do is pull them apart Now this doesn't always work perfectly when we did this when we practiced this it was a windy day last week If you want to lift it up and maybe point it more directly This doesn't always work perfectly now you can actually buy Oh Bubble solution that is pre-made But it's kind of expensive. This is the really easy way to do it again on a summer day It does take moving moving the moving the dowels out very slowly Unfortunately, we don't have the the greatest wind in here with this little fan, but uh This is something you can definitely do at home. Let's try it one more One more try one more Okay, so what we have first is called onion skin paper. It's a very very thin paper Keen is going to be collecting what what finishes up once we burn it. So this is going to burn pretty quickly It's so thin that even the the smallest breath of wind can knock it over Unfortunately, I'm sort of blocked from view right now. I can't see what's going on Okay, you're good. Okay Yes, I did set him up So it burns until there's very nothing left and you can see that it's so light that it sort of floats away now There's not enough of the embers left to cause a problem. We would just wanted to make a little fun of keen I I should say He makes fun of me all the time Okay, so now the second experiment is we're going to light this newspaper on fire Not with any matches, but with a chemical reaction. So they're combining glycerin potassium permanganate and a little acid Acetone, acetone, acetone is the main component of nail polish remover. It's a it's a solvent I'm crossing my fingers Okay, so the combination of glycerin potassium permanganate and acetone Is exothermic And it will burn down completely But the newspaper is heavy enough that it's not going to go up in the air like the onion skin paper Did I believe It shouldn't and with something like this that that may be a little bit still burning We want to make sure we put it out with a little bit of water Just to be safe So that's burning paper via a chemical reaction. Yeah, just leave it there for now You guys can actually move that up so We're going to need one assistant Actually, you can put it up on the tiles where we're just burning the paper. There should be enough room up there So this is a chemiluminescent reaction. So we need one assistant 703610 Okay, we're going to do a chemiluminescent reaction. So if we could have the lights down, please So if you mix the certain amount of chemicals again, we're using hydrogen peroxide here You can get what's called a chemiluminescent reaction Many of you have done a chemiluminescent reaction before How many of you have ever used a glow stick? So the chemiluminescent reaction that the three guys up here are doing right now is a very similar reaction Now, unfortunately, it's exposure to air makes this chemiluminescent reaction burn out pretty quickly But if you self-contain it in a glow stick So what they're doing is they're mixing it in a separatory funnel. It's mixing there They're letting it go slowly down that tube in the collecting dish So the operative chemical here is called luminal So I think they're going to do another one here So here I have a glow stick and you can see it's a slightly different reaction So we can we can mimic that a similar very similar reaction Personally, I like the blue better than the green. All right. Thank you very much guys Lights up please I love glow sticks Okay, next we have Eric and Jacob and they're going to do bouncing balls So we're going to need two volunteers. I should say two assistants We have seven zero three three six one three six one and seven zero three three five six Please come on down Can I get help with the uh Now this is another fun thing to do The two chemicals here that that We're being used are sodium silicate Soda glass which you can buy in various places and just regular old ethanol or alcohol So what we're going to do here is we're going to use these two chemicals and make a polymer So a similar kind of reaction To this is what you're going to do when you make flubber upstairs in the science building later Not exactly the same polymer, but it's the same kind of reaction a polymerization reaction So we're going to start with the sodium silicate solution in one beaker And the alcohol in another beaker and what we need to do is mix a little bit more room So as these two chemicals react They will slowly solidify as the polymerization reaction Happens Now it does take a minute or two to really get going but what we'll end up having Is a white solid that you can pick up and turn it to a ball Eventually when you're stirring this it'll become very difficult to stir because you're really stirring kind of a jelly Now when you pick that up go ahead and squeeze You could go ahead and if you have gloves on you can go ahead and take in your hand and go ahead and squeeze And try to squeeze that into a ball If it comes off the tongs This one's a little bit It's a little bit messy now this particular polymer is a little bit brittle This is not going to work as well as the super bouncy ball. I love the super bouncy balls It won't work as well as that But there is some elasticity There we go Oh, not too easy now We don't want too many things going into the audience Go ahead and gather those pieces if you will we don't want to be leaving too many pieces around I think we could be assured that these beakers we're not going to get these back So a simple Polymeric reaction No Only only bounce them on the table. We don't want to be sending things flying. There's still a little bit of alcohol with these As I said not perfect, but it works Okay, thank you very much Eric and jake up in our assistance So so while vang and gabriel are set up. We're going to go back to our electrochemical reaction So remember the color of that piece of silverware was obviously silver. So We've been running that reaction. So the battery has been supplying the current or the power So we're going to get this projector up and so we'll be able to show you what that piece of silverware looks like So Some of the copper sulfate is in that solution. So that blue salt Through an electrochemical reaction has turned into copper metal. So copper metal is that nice bronze color Or orange color So we can show you a big picture of what it looks like So if we look at our piece of silverware now It's the same color as that little piece of copper foil that we were using as part of the electrochemical cell So it's a way of turning anything that you have that silverware into copper So this is copper plating if you've ever had any metal that's plated by wading ring is plated with rhodium It's an electrochemical reaction. So now we've deposited a layer of copper on the top of that piece of silverware Unfortunately, we can't make it gold As someone behind me just suggested I was just told by taren that if you have the right solution you can turn it gold The problem with that is the solution that we would need would be extremely expensive They promised they would give this to me as a gift to take home. So now I have a uh Looks like a copper butternut Okay, next with vang and gabriel We have the screaming gummy bear So what they are doing right now is heating potassium chlorate. It's a salt. It's another salt And for this reaction to work we need to turn that Solid into a liquid now these kind of salts melted very high temperatures So we're using our propane torch And it does take a few minutes. So what we're going to do when it's completely melted We're going to drop in a gummy bear now. How many people like I will say gummy bears, but candy in general most people most people It releases a lot of energy. Can we have the lights down please? Hold on one second. All right Go for it. So all of the energy that you get From eating sugar is released by that potassium chloride. So all the sugars get oxidized And it generates a lot of light and heat That was not as loud as the ones we've done before but it certainly was light enough. So That's the energy you get. What do you eat a single gummy bear? Just imagine the energy you get if you ate a handful It's hot enough that we won't be able to touch that one for a while and again Just it's another genie in the bottle with releasing some of the smoke Okay, next we have christina and emily and they're going to be doing invisible ink and we are going to need some volunteers for this Well, so if you stood up you could help with the Okay So two from the younger jar I'll mix them up We have seven oh three six zero three And I swear I did this at random seven zero three six zero two Six zero three and six zero two go up to the side, please We're going to do this with a smaller one too since we have two So what we're going to do is we're going to take some similar solutions to what keen and trevor did a little while ago and our Our assistants are going to be doing a little bit of painting But you'll see originally when they paint It's going to be invisible. So it's really like invisible ink So go ahead and paint whatever you like So you can make some some invisible inks that you can make come visible Using lemon juice or heat And if you do a little searching for some kitchen experiments, you can find some invisible inks The ones that we have are special to us Again, these are going to be indicator solutions Now once we have our vengo artists Complete with their sketches. We're going to be spraying These pieces of paper In order to get the drawings to appear Okay Once finished Both finished. Okay You'll move to the side But stay here so you can see your masterpieces Unfortunately, I can't see from here, but that's okay. Is it not working? Okay, did it work? Okay, well some things don't always work as well But the idea was the indicators can turn into color once you add the right solution. So that's what their spray bottles have Thank you very much Okay, we've got four left Next is matte F and garret With Thermite What we have here is a mixture of Aluminum oxide powder I'm sorry iron oxide powder and aluminum metal and finely powdered form Now this reaction is going to make molten iron So what we have in order to get the reaction to go We have a sparkler just something you could buy for the fourth of july now. Can we have lights down, please? Step back. Okay Okay, so usually usually The the iron is supposed to drip through and not break the clay pots Uh, unfortunately it didn't work out that way, but you saw the sparks you saw the energy from the reaction And the reason why we do it on the portable lab bench is because we can burn the portable lab bench and it not be a problem In fact, if you walk within about two feet of that you could feel the heat coming off that Uh, so I think our portable lab bench is sort of out of commission for the time being Okay, that one always makes my heart go a little bit fast Okay, so next we have victoria and shantel and we have dry ice bubbles Yes Now dry ice is solid carbon dioxide We need one volunteer. So before I continue with my explanation, we will take one volunteer 703 601 Okay, so dry ice is solid carbon dioxide It's called dry because it contains no water The other thing special about dry ice is that it does not melt. It's sublime. So it goes directly from a solid to a gas Now one of the things that's particular to dry ice. It's very very cold About minus 78 degrees Celsius as I recall Or lower So you want to make sure that you do not handle this with your bare hands You always want to be wearing gloves or you want to have tongs if you're ever working with this now Dry ice as I described on that little handout you can buy at places like praxair You can buy it at air gas and there are some gas stations to sell it as well It's used for for cold storage. Sometimes it keeps things very cold Sometimes you can just drop some a little bit of warm water. You can see it bubble You see sometimes and if you ever see special effects, you can see it right now What's happening right now is as the dry ice is subliming and making carbon dioxide gas That carbon dioxide gas is still so cold that it's crystallizing the moisture in the atmosphere And that's why it looks like flowing out. So if you ever see Sometimes gas machines can you know if you're ever doing special effects just like that. So What we're doing this time Is using a little soak solution And you can make some really cool bubbles with this Sometimes you just need a little bit more soap and remember soap is cheap Victoria, can you move the cooler back a little bit? I wanted to see what was going on So it's slowly creating the carbon dioxide gas and it's filling that bubble It's going to just keep growing and growing and growing and fill this room No, I'm kidding. I think our assistant should pop that with his finger Yeah, but yeah, but see one of the great things about this particular experiment you could just get it to go right over again Try it one more time. It looks like they want one more time I think they do want it to grow and fill the entire room I can I can tell you that if you let it do that we'd be here all night Someone doesn't want to go to school tomorrow. I think I just heard that I think there used to be a show called the things that kids say I just had one of my students asked me if class was canceled tomorrow No, no, you cannot poll the audience You can also not phone a friend Eventually the the elasticity of the bubble will break on its own before it did get to grow and fill this room. I'm sorry to say I know Oh, see there we go So unfortunately the bubble would not grow enough in order to fill the room Although maybe if we used our soap solution from earlier with the big bubbles we could get it pretty big But unfortunately we're running out of time Okay, so now we have eight and so our penultimate Demo is Amy and Janet. They're going to be doing non-newtonian fluid and they have a special setup So what I would like to do is get andrew and matt are to prepare the final demo The final countdown And this might be the easiest thing to make in the world you buy a box of cornstarch for about 88 cents You get some warm tap water and you mix them together Now one of the great things about this non-newtonian fluid Is that you can lift it up And you'll notice how Amy's having a little bit of trouble there If you add pressure to it it acts like a solid you can actually Now We're going to try this and see if it works But if you add the right tones if you add, you know, some base tones to it you can make it dance Now it's not unfortunately, we don't have a large enough speaker the size of the stage so everyone can see So this is we're going to try this at first But then we're going to we're going to bring this back up to the projector One of the great things about this non-newtonian fluid you could add food coloring if you want you can make all sorts of different colors One of the tricks that Up we need we need special bow tie assistance The other thing that you can do is if you have a highlighter You can take the tip out of a highlighter and that highlighter solution when it dissolves in water if you take that And a black light which you can buy for about $9.99 You can get that solution or you can get that non-newtonian fluid to glow We got it going What we're going to do is show you on the projector We've got multiple things going on here. So That looks like it's a lot of fun. It's very messy So what you can do is lift it up and simply add pressure So you can turn it into small balls and you can see it sort of sticks to your hand So this is a preview of what you can do at home So this one I really suggest trying at home and again outside On a warm day where you can simply wash away the residue with a hose Okay, so unfortunately we won't be able to use the speaker, but um That's non-newtonian fluid. So thanks to Jenna and Amy for that So while we're getting this set up A couple of reminders when we're finished here Please make your way out to the left around the side of the building and out towards the brought science building right up the stairs Just follow the balloons in the signs And you'll be able to make your flubber While you're up on that second floor these students have created posters to sort of describe Um visually some of those experiments that we've done up here and some of them that didn't work out so well, unfortunately um Again those flyers that that I provided if you didn't get one, please email me. My email address address is also on the uwcboyon website We hope you had a wonderful time tonight. I love doing this. I love science And hopefully my legacy is that some of these students not only do they go on to great great have great careers because I know that they will Some of them will be in science And I really hope they take something away more than just what they learned in class that they had a little bit of fun They love science a little bit more and I hope every one of you comes here If you don't come here you go somewhere else, but enjoy science in your own right science is fun Science is everywhere. We should all love science Okay, okay, so What we have here is dry ice so Wait for my signal Okay, so dry ice the same dry ice that we had in that little bubble experiment in sep We have it out on the bench top here It turns out that magnesium Can burn in an atmosphere of carbon dioxide. So we're going to light that magnesium So as soon as the magnesium is lit, please turn down the lights And I suggest not trying not to look directly at this light Because it'll get very bright white once it gets going Go So that magnesium that magnesium can still burn Even when it's in right now, it's in pure carbon dioxide atmosphere So I should stop looking at it myself. So magnesium burns a very very bright white So if you had magnesium chloride and fireworks, that's your white So what's going to be left is a very very small ball of carbon So in our thermite experiment, we made iron metal here My heart goes, you know, whenever we do one of these it beats a little bit faster So this will go for a few more experiments, but you can tell it's sort of dying out now that it's sort of just glowing So most of the magnesium has now reacted It was like a strobe light Okay, can I have the lights back up, please? Okay So you can see the reason why we saved this one for last because we generated a little bit of smoke Okay, so We hope you enjoyed the show Thank you for all the assistance that helped us on stage We are definitely going to put this on next year. So please be safe. Have a good night. I hope the rain has mostly stopped Music