 I'm Susanna Fisher. I'm a senior researcher in the climate change group and IID, Adaptation Effective. The session was on measuring and linking adaptation across scales. The challenges that came about were about how to support community-based adaptation from either national plans or global frameworks to be most effective and also how can you learn at the national and the global level about what's working locally and how that can be best supported. So there were challenges about information flows between those levels, support systems and frameworks and how to allow flexibility and space for community-based adaptation to happen in its own way as well as building it into those larger systems. The most interesting one was around maladaptation. So we might be able to capture successes and areas that are working well between different levels but it becomes more difficult when we try to look with a very long-term frame to will that actually be adaptive to the long-term uncertain climate future? It's easier to think about the here and now than to changes in 20 or 30 years and whether it's going to be truly adaptive. I think that's a question we didn't really get a final answer to in the session that remains. Well, we had a fishbowl discussion so somebody came up and suggested to the panel that we needed more frameworks and more taxonomies before we could even think about measuring the effectiveness of adaptation and I think that was quite strongly rebutted by some colleagues on the panel who felt that enough already we have a lot of frameworks, we've thought a lot about how to categorise things and actually we need to just really start doing now and measuring and being effective and we can't halt forever about finding the best framework or the best methodology we have to get started. One of the key lessons was about learning in general from adaptation. It's not a new lesson I think one that will come across many of the sessions but it's about how do we share those lessons between scales? So how can we think about community-based adaptation in different contexts and how can those lessons be shared up to national planning and global frameworks? The private sector came up several times. It wasn't a way that I personally framed the session but it seemed that people felt it was important to think about how community-based adaptation was also linking to the private sector and how those links could work both ways versus strength and CBA and be of benefit to private sector actors. We had the message about failing quickly so people should be allowed to fail. Donors and partners need to recognise that highly innovative projects were also high risk and they may fail but it's important to fail quickly before investing millions and millions of pounds over a five or a ten year period but to find out what works as quickly as possible and then work around that. I think the last key lesson was that whilst we were talking about linking between scales it's really important to think about the purpose of what you're doing so there may be different systems and different frameworks and different ways of linking that work with different purposes and it's fine to have that multiplicity of approaches and in fact we certainly shouldn't try and look for one size fits all.