 Good afternoon all of you, sorry we are running little late, but very quickly I would like to give an idea about the course that is being planned, which is titled as solar photovoltaics fundamentals technologies and applications. And this course will run from 12th to 22nd December this year. So, as you can notice that the course on solar photovoltaics is not a normal course, which normally you will find in engineering colleges. So, why there is a need for such a course on photovoltaics. And so, I will quickly go through this few slides which will give an idea. First which I guess everybody knows about today's energy scenario particularly India's energy scenario that whatever conventional energy sources that we use I have limitation in terms of the availability. It has environmental pollution or the negative impact on the environmental and also there is a question of energy security. So, this all three factors which are kind of very well noticed in the last couple of decades. And therefore, lot of governments are putting efforts to bring a non-conventional energy sources in the portfolio and India is no exception. So, therefore, we need to find out alternative sources to the fossil fuel sources like coal, diesel, petrol etcetera. So, therefore, as I said Indian government is also putting lot of efforts to promote solar energy as one of the alternative source the wind energy biomass and the other possibilities. Solar energy is one of the major renewable energy resource that is available to our country particularly. And just to promote the solar energy, the government of India has launched this Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission which was launched last year in January. And the target of this national solar mission is to actually implement about 20,000 megawatts of solar power which includes solar photovoltaics as well as solar thermal in the country by 2022. And it is a central government policy, but many state governments are also coming forward and making their own policies and promoting solar energy. So, for instance, Gujarat government has their own policy and they are very aggressive on that policy. So, there is a plan to have 500 megawatts installed by 2014 by Gujarat itself and there are many other states including Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh were planning to bring such capacities. So, I feel that by year 2022, 20,000 megawatt will be 20,000 megawatt of solar power will be actually a small number and we will have much more installed capacity in the country. So, what this national solar mission is doing is trying to promote solar energy and various aspects related to solar energy which includes technologies, the feed-in tariff plan, there is the renewable energy per se obligations, the domestic production of the PV as well as thermal technology, the implementation side, the stability issues and how we can reach up to 20,000, what are the various applications, whether this PV technology is to be connected with the grid or it can also be upgrade. So, there are various issues that relates to the solar photovoltaic technology and the ecosystem surrounding it. So, one such issue which I have highlighted here in green is actually the manpower generation and it is estimated that if you want to achieve the targets of Jawaharlal Nehru national solar mission, we must have 100,000 trained people in the country in the coming years, but our own estimate suggests that this 100,000 is a smaller number and we would require something like 300,000 people. So, it clearly indicates that there is a huge shortage of manpower at various level in solar PV technology field and this level may be a technician, may be engineering or even at research managerial, at all levels we actually need lot of manpower and therefore, such a course, such a training program for the teachers is important because teachers then can train several students and we will have significant training done in the solar photovoltaics. Also, the government of India, the ministry of new and renewable energy has funded a big project to IIT Bombay. It is called national center for photovoltaic research and education and as you can see from this chart under this center, we are doing various activities which includes research and research in various areas, silicon cells, new materials, PV modules, systems, power electronics, but we are also focusing on in a characterization, modeling and simulation, but education is a important aspect of our national center and therefore, lot of activities are being done at IIT Bombay to educate and train people in the field of solar photovoltaics. So, here is the some of the programs that we are doing. For example, we are running several courses which is for our B take, M take, MSC and PhD students. We are also preparing the course material, so that other engineering college can make use of it, which will include not only the lecture materials, but also the laboratory creates and teachers training program about which I am talking to you right now and things like that. So, we are also working towards training people and students and teachers and scientists outside the IIT campus. We are also doing distance education program like one which will have on PV and training programs for the industry. So, we are also running lot of short term training programs about 4 to 5 programs we run every year on PV technology, various aspects of PV fundamentals, technologies, power electronics and things like that. So, this course which we will run in December this year will is mainly divided in two parts. The part one will cover the fundamentals and technologies. It will be about 20 hour lectures and it will cover the basics of semiconductor physics, theory of p-n junction, operation of p-n junction, parameters of cell, solar cell design, fabrication of solar cell particularly crystalline silicon solar cell which is the main workhorse of the PV industry, PV module and its variation output in output power is a function of temperature radiation. These are the very fundamental thing that people working in PV area must understand from the technology point of view, but in the second part we will also be looking at the applications for PV technology which will include various power electronics. For example, the grid connected and off grid systems, the charge controller DC to DC converter, inverters we will then look at the maximum power point tracking, energy storage options, solar radiation availability and eventually the design of the whole PV system and various costing related to it. For example, life cycle costing and eventually estimating what is the cost of electricity that you can generate using solar photo tech technology. So, this course is very comprehensive and basically covers fundamental aspects of the PV technology studying from materials, fundamentals, technologies and as well as applications. So, teaching faculty for this will be a professor B. G. Fernandez who is a professor at electrical engineering department and here is the web page you can have more details about his research work and his teaching activities. He will mainly be covering the electronics part of it and to cover the fundamentals and technologies part myself from Chaitan Singh Solanki from department of energy science and engineering. So, you can have more details about my work and my teaching activities from this web page. So, we will be doing two other thing one is we will be giving this book which I wrote about two years back which is titled as solar photovoltaics fundamental technologies and applications. So, we will be giving this book as a reference book, but some other material will also be given where you can use it for the reference purpose for this course. So, other than the lectures the very important thing that we must do is of course, the tutorials and the experiments typically solar field is something where you may have to do the practical experiment and a first hand experiment not done not just a simulation. So, other than delivering the lectures through the A view which you are receiving right now a similar to that we will also have the kind of contents provided for the tutorials, but most importantly we will give we are actually designing the laboratory kits for the people for the teachers and the coordinators centers. So, what we will do is we will actually assemble this laboratory kits at IIT Bombay and then we will be distributing this laboratory kits to those remote centers and the participants at the remote centers will be able to do experiments on their own. So, there will be about 10 experiments and this laboratory kits will be given to the remote centers. So, that will be unique feature that not only the lectures, but you will also be able to do the experiment on solar energy. So, about 8 to 10 experiments will be provided where you can do the experiment in the remote centers. Of course, a long term perspective is not only the and this actually experiment will be more on the characterization, but we will also want people to do the fabrication of solar cells. So, in a later maybe one year down the line we will also make laboratory kits where people can make solar cells themselves. So, but that will come as a later part of it. As it says we are doing this course in December, but we are starting the registration from 15th July itself. So, very soon from now, so that you can register here and take appropriate permissions from your college and the remote centers. All the list of the remote centers are mentioned here, but I think you can also find the details about the remote centers at the Eklavya web page, which you must be aware of already. So, thank you very much for your attention. And I hope that many of the interested faculty members do join this for this course and let others know who are interested in the energy and particularly in the solar energy. This course may be very useful for them and the students for the future. Thank you very much. If there are any questions related to this course, please ask your questions. So, there are some questions for example, what is the maximum efficiency we have achieved in solar cells? So, maximum efficiency is 43 percent, more than 43 percent for the multi-junction solar cells. Can we make DSSR, that is dye sensitized solar, I guess it is dye sensitized solar cell from the plant leaves. Actually, any material that absorbs the solar radiation and can conduct electricity having semiconductor property be able to use for any solar cell applications. So, it has to be absorbing the light, it must be having semiconductor properties and it must be electric conductor of electricity. My question is, I have not taken any energy management subject, but can I attend this workshop and what are the prerequisites for this course? So, this course, I mean energy management is not a prerequisite. Particularly, this course is open to many branches because we will be covering fundamentals, but it would be like preferable to have a kind of background in electrical, electronics, physics. So, basically this course on solar energy is not associated with one particular department. So, depending on the interest, it can be made open to other disciplines, but like more preferably to electrical, electronics, physics, sometimes many mechanical departments across the country and across the world actually run the solar energy related courses. Hello, I have one more question. I am the coordinator for this course in our college. We need teaching assistants familiar with the basics of the topics in this particular course and I am finding it very difficult to find such persons. So, how to handle this? Yeah, hello. Good to see you. I just remembered that you are there in the coordinator's workshop. So, what you are saying is correct that because it is not a common course being taught in the engineering colleges right now. So, it may be difficult, but I think as we can see there are two parts. One is on the semiconductor heavily on semiconductor, the part one and technologies and the part two is more on electronic side. So, you may choose a TA which may have some background in semiconductor and may be TA which may have some background in electronics or power electronic side. So, I guess a combination of the two type of TA would be able to do the job and you can not only student, but you can choose your faculty members to be a TA for this course. Yeah, I have a suggestion. If you can send your book early, then we can probably train some of our students as a teaching assistants. So, a book I just inquired before coming for this lecture. We will be getting book at IIT in about 10 days and then we can send the book to various coordinator's centers. And later we will make arrangement to send the books for the participants directly to the coordinator to the remote centers. Good afternoon sir. I want to know the recent research activities going on at IIT Bombay in the use of nanoparticles in solar cells. Definitely, I can answer that, but if there are questions related to course directly, it would be nice. So, there are a lot of work going on where people are working on like silicon nanocrystals, titanium dioxide, dye sensitize using semiconductors, sensitize and dye sensitize solar cell. Some people are beginning to look at the organic solar cells. So, there are many areas where like plasmonics also the metal nanoparticles as well. So, there are many aspects or various different PV technologies where the nanomaterials are being used. And you are most welcome to come and use the facilities. So, this facility we have in terms of this nano electronic center as well as national solar photovoltaic center. Both of them will have the facilities straight up the all facilities which anybody can come and use it. Thank you very much everybody. I can visit the web page, a club of web page where you will find more details about the course. Thank you.