 The study describes the development of a vaccine against HIV, which addresses the challenges of sequence diversity and immunodominance by focusing on highly conserved regions in hyvend that are poorly immunogenic in macaques vaccinated with full-length end-expressing DNA vaccines. Two versions of plasmids encoding these 12MCE were generated to maximise the inclusion of commonly detected variants, and vaccination of macaques with a combination of these two NFCE DNA-induced robust, durable cellular immune responses with a significant fraction of CD8-plus T cells with cytotoxic phenotype. Boosting with the intact NFDNA vaccine potently augmented pre-existing immunity, increasing magnitude, breadth and cytotoxicity of the cellular responses. The study concludes that NFCE plasmids are capable of inducing durable responses to highly conserved regions of end that are frequently absent after end vaccination or immunologically sub-dominant, making them candidates for use as prophylactic and therapeutic of vaccines. This article was authored by Shindau Hu, Antonio Valentin, Margarita Rosotti and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.