 Some of my viewers sent me a request to speak on the concept and legitimacy of a situation where an arrest can be made by a private citizen who is obviously not acting as a police officer or a law enforcement officer, meaning arrest to whether an arrest can be made by a private citizen in a situation. In common law jurisdictions, this practice came into being long ago in England when sheriffs urged common citizens to help capture and detain law breakers. This concept of citizens arrest, meaning arrest by a citizen, exists in almost all progressive nations, including India. India does recognize that every citizen is a police officer without uniform and every police officer is a common citizen in uniform. That's a great way of explaining. Every citizen has been given the power of a police officer to ensure law, peace and order in the society. A common citizen is expected to provide support in the maintenance of law and order in society. In India, section 43 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, in short known as CRPC, section 43 of CRPC enables rather empowers a private person, private citizen to arrest or assist in arresting any person who in his presence commits a non-billable and cognizable offence, or even a proclaimed offender can be detained by a private citizen. The citizen is expected to ensure without unnecessary delay to take or help in taking the said detained, accused criminal to a police officer or in the absence of a police officer taking such detained or help in taking such detained person or arrested person to the nearest police station. There are other provisions as well which you know obligate and encourage I would say the common citizens in the process of policing. For instance, section 37 of the CRPC Criminal Procedure Code requires a common citizen to assist the police in certain cases as well as to provide information to the police regarding commission of various crimes offenses which have come to the knowledge of their concerned citizen, private citizen. Section 39 of the CRPC Criminal Procedure Code specifies a variety of information to be given to the police by the common citizens, more specifically where the concerned citizen is aware of the commission of or the intention of any other person to commit any offence punishable under the specified provisions of the Indian Penal Code including offences affecting life, meaning causing death, hurt or restraint, offences of robbery and decoyty, offences relating to criminal breach of trust by a public servant, offences of mischief against the property, the offence of house trespass, then offences relating to currency notes and bank notes, offences against the state, offences against the public tranquility, offences in regard to illegal gratification, offences in relation to adulteration of food and drugs etc. Anyone who makes a citizen's arrest can also land up in some issues, they can face possible lawsuits and criminal charges such as charges of false imprisonment, unlawful restraint, kidnapping or wrongful arrest. If the wrong person is apprehended or a suspect's civil rights are violated, that's the flip side of it. This is especially true when police forces are attempting to determine who an aggressor is in reality. Private citizens do not enjoy the same immunity from civil liability when making arrests or detentions on other private citizens as do police officers. Police officers have an element of immunity in that sense. The level of responsibility that a person performing a citizen's arrest may depend on a particular jurisdiction. For instance, in France and Germany, a person stopping a criminal from committing a crime, including crimes against belongings, is not criminally responsible as long as the means employed are in proportion to the threat. Well, we can leave that for another time because this needs a wider discussion. We can even talk about the concept of bounty hunters in India, US and UK in subsequent video talks. Thank you for today.