 Hello everyone, welcome back to another session in the industry and more Today we have a very important topic in fixed partial denture that is pontics So this will be dealt in two sessions. This session is highlighting on the various designs It is classification and it's advantages and disadvantages next session is about the factors to be considered when designing a pontic So it's a very commonly asked execution so all of us know Fixed partial denture that is a FPD. It's a classic FPD where the one tooth is replaced with the help of two Supported teeth on either side. This is a classic example of FPD. So let's see. What are the basic components of a FPD? so FPD as Pontic which is a tooth to be replaced which is present in the idensilus area and two artificial teeth which is Coming as a joint unit along with the Pontic They are known as retainer. This is a classic example. So we have a Retainer on either side and there is something known as connector which connects the Pontic and retainer and Abortment our natural teeth or RCT treated teeth, which is present adjacent to the idensilus space which receives Retainers so these are the four components of a fixed partial denture today We are going to learn about the Pontic in detail As per definition GPT-8 Pontic is an artificial tooth on a fixed dental processes that replaces emissing natural tooth Restores its function and usually fills the space previously occupied by the clinical crown Now we directly jump to our classification that is classification based on shape of surface contacting the ridge so we have basically Sanitary Pontic then we have modified sanitary Pontic then spheroidal Pontic Then we have saddle shape Pontic Then we have ridge lap Pontic then modified ridge lap And we also have await Pontic So this is based on the shape of surface contacting the ridge Okay Contacting Ridge the next classification according to Rossin Steele depending on the mucosal contact that is With mucosal contact and without mucosal contact so the sanitary and modified sanitary That is classified under no mucosal contact, which doesn't have any contact with the gums and the other are Ridge lap modified ridge lap conical and await. So they comes under mucosal contact category which contacts the ridge and Also, we have another classification based on the material that is metal and porcelain. We need metal and resin We need all metal and all ceramic. So it is a basic classification of Pontics So the next classification is based on fabrication. Okay based on fabrication So that is a custom made and pre fabricated in prefabricated we have true Pontic interchangeable phasing sanitary Pontic pin phasing modified pin phasing Reverse spin phasing harmony Pontic porcelain fused to metal prefabricated custom modified Pontic Now we have the basic selection Criteria or the factors involves an Antider and posterior Pontic So we need to think about aesthetics and oral hygiene with respect to the anterior and posterior Pontic So in anterior Pontics a correctly placed anterior Pontics Should have following things that is a all surface should be convex and smoothly and properly finished and Contact with label mucosa should be minimal that is a pinpoint contact and pressure free that is lap phasing That is pinpoint contact pressure free which is lap phasing and The linkal contour should be in harmony with the adjacent teeth or Pontics whereas a posterior Pontic design Should have all surfaces in convex manner smooth and properly finished just like anterior So the contact with buckle slopes should be minimal that is pinpoint and it is modified rich lap modified Rich lap Here it is just lap phasing so the pressure free here We use modified rich lap and occlusion table must be in functional harmony with the occlusion of all of the teeth Buckle and linkal shunting mechanism should conform to those of the adjacent teeth and the overall length of buckle surface should be equal to that of the adjacent abutment or Pontics Now let's see one by one that is a prefabricated Pontic phasing These are commercially available porcelain Pontics which can be altered by the dentist and re-glazed if necessary The first one is true Pontic So true Pontic there will be a horizontal tubular slot in the center of the lingual surface of phasing can see a Horizontal tubular slot in the center of the lingual surface. Okay, so slot in the center of lingual surface The second one is interchangeable phasing interchangeable phasing or flat back phasing So it is manufactured with a vertical slot running down the flat lingual surface Okay, so this phasing is retained with a lug which engages the retention slot So you can see the picture here the vertical slot which is Running down the flat lingual surface. Okay, and it is retained with a lug which engages the retention slot The third one is the sanitary phasing So always draw picture and you'll write the answer for Pontics because it's very confusing horizontal vertical and all So sanitary phasing flat occlusion surface and a slot on the proximal surface. Okay, you can see the picture And this slot on the proximal surface to fit into the metal projections made in the FPD So this slot will receive the pins from the FPD now we have fourth one that is Pin facing Pontic So pin facing Pontic, which is a flat lingual facing with two horizontal pins for retention. The pins are already there in the Pontic so that is pin facing Then we have modified pin facing so there is slight difference between modified pin facing and Normal pin facing In modified the phasing is modified by adding porcelain to the lingual ginjavel area of pin facing. You can see a lingual Ginjavel area addition of a porcelain when comparing to the previous pin facing Additional ginjavel part is there. That is a modified pin facing The next one is reverse pin facing So this is different one actually it is reverse pin facing the porcelain danger teeth can be modified to be used as a bridge facing Porcelain is added to the ginjavel end of the facing and multiple precision pin holes are drilled into the lingual surface Okay, so this is reverse pin facing actually there is no pins are there instead there is holes present for retention So porcelain danger teeth can be modified. Okay So how do we modify the porcelain is added to the ginjavel end of the facing and Precision pin holes so the picture here you can see there is lots of holes which is present unlike the pin Facing which has projects having holes to receive the pins. Okay Next we have harmony harmony facing So how many facing is nothing but a facing is supplied with an Uncontoured porcelain ginjavel surface and usually two retentive pins on the flat lingual side That is how many facing which has got two pins on the lingual side and Uncontoured porcelain ginjavel surface which can be contoured by the dentist then we have the porcelain fuse to metal facing Facing consists of a metal core over which porcelain is fused and the last one is Pond tips Pond tips is a convex ginjavel surface having pinpoint tissue contact and attached to the backing Occlusively with the retentive pins that is pond tips Now let's see what is sanitary or hygienic pontic You can see the picture here the zero tissue contact This is having no tissue contact occlusio ginjavel thickness should be at least 3 mm and This is convex mesiodistellae and facial inkling space beneath the pontic is 2 mm or 3 mm You can see the space between the ginjavel and the lower part of pontic and there will be adequate space for cleaning That is the most important. So that is why it got this name. This has got cleaning space between the ridge and pontic Whereas a modified sanitary pontic when this becomes modified What happens is this ginjavel portion is shaped like a concave archway mesiodistellae Between the retainers and convex facial inkling. So there is a change in the shape that is mesiodistellae It becomes concave. Okay before it was just convex So this allows there is a modified sanitary Pontic which is having Mesiodistellae concavity allows increased connector size while decreasing the stress which is concentrated in the pontic and connectors That is a Advantage. Okay, making it concave mesiodistellae and this is recommended basically for the Mantular postidious where we have Complaints of foot-launchment. Okay, so you can see the picture here. This is a Sanitary pontic and this is modified sanitary pontic Now we have the saddle pontic or ridge lap pontic. So the saddle pontic Has a concave fitting surface that overlaps the residual ridge bucklingually. Okay This stimulates the contours and Emergence profile of the missing tooth on both side of the residual ridge So it gives a good aesthetic appearance that is it simulates the contours and emergence profile of the missing tooth on both sides Okay, so this is a fitting surface, which is concave and it overlaps the residual ridge bucklingually You can see the picture here buckle and lingual But the main problem with this saddle or ridge lap pontic is the concave genjail margin of the pontic is not Accessible, okay, it is not accessible for cleaning with dental floss. We just cannot Do the cleaning so there will be plaque accumulation and ultimately tissue inflammation. So that is a problem with this black and tissue inflammation Whereas in modified ridge lap pontic the changes in design is the modified ridge lap pontic combines the best features of the Hygienic and the saddle pontic design So this overlaps the residual ridge on the facial to achieve the appearance of a tooth emerging from the genjail But it remains clear of the ridge on the lingual side. So cleaning is also Done so you can see the picture here on the facial side it overlaps the residual ridge So we get a good aesthetic appearance because it looks like emerging from the genjail and it remains clear So the lingual part is free. So we can easily clean this So there's no plaque accumulation and Tissue inflammation. So this is modified ridge lap pontic before the saddle or inch lap It has got this black accumulation and tissue inflammation problem. So this is modified ridge lap So the tissue contact should resemble a letter of tea whose vertical arm This is a vertical arm ends at the crest of the ridge you can see here So the ridge contact should be up to the midline of the idangulus ridge So most common pontic form used in areas of high visibility Such as maxillary and mantibular anterior and maxillary primolars and maybe first molars. So the vertical arm Should end at the crest of the ridge then the ridge contact should be up to the midline of the idangulus ridge Now we have another one that is a conical pontic conical pontic So in conical pontic as a name suggests it is egg-shaped or bullet-shaped egg-shaped or bullet-shaped or Heart-shaped So this is convex with only one point of contact at the center of the residual ridge and this is can see the picture here This is almost like a egg. I can say it is a heart or bullet So it is recommended for the replacement of mantibular posterior teeth where aesthetics is a lesser concern So the facial and lingual contours are dependent on the width of the residual So a knife edged residual ridge requires a flatter contour pontic with a narrow tissue contact So this type of design may be unsuitable for broad residual ridge. It is always suitable for knife edged Ridge Because it is not suitable for broad because the emergence profile associated with the small tissue contacts point may create areas of food entrapment So to avoid food entrapment in knife edged ridge always use conical pontic Now we have the next one that is Ovate pontic So Ovate pontic is most aesthetically appealing It's convex tissue surface resides in a soft tissue depression or hollow in the residual ridge Which makes it appear that a tooth is literally emerging from the ginger bar So that is very aesthetically appealing because it looks like it is emerging from the socket because it is convex tissue surface Which goes into the depression So socket preservation techniques should be performed at the time of extraction to create the tissue Resist from which the await pontic form will emerge for a pre-existing residual ridge soft tissue surgical Augmentation is typically required because usually it will be a flat So we need a socket type then only this await pontic will fit into the socket So surgical Augmentation Augmentation is required when an adequate volume of rich tissue is established a socket depression is sculpted into the ridge with surgical Diamond or electro surgery. So we need to create a Depression in the socket then only this await Pontic can be placed So the advantage is not Sceptible to any food in passion. It has broad convex geometry And it is accessible to dental floors where the problem is cost and the surgical tissue management So that is all about a various pontics. So we learned about sanitary or hygienic then the saddle or ridge lap Then the modified ridge lap then the conical then await and we also learned about Pre-fabricated pontic facing which is a facing. This is actual Pontic. Okay, there's a difference between true Pontic and facing So in facing we learned about true Pontic interchangeable facing or flat-pack facing Pontic sanitary facing pin-facing modified Pin-facing reverse pin-facing then harmony facing possibly infused metal facing on tips So those facing and the true Pontics So hope you understood this. So always draw pictures While writing the Pontic design So next session is about the factors the biological acetyl and mechanical factors to be considered when designing a Pontic So I'll come with that topic. Thank you