 We are talking about burns on at the health center in Sijuwe. Did you mean him hot? No, I'm not serious, no. I tried for Facebook, I tried for channel on Twitter. Hashtag is white in the morning. It's a beautiful Monday, a little bit cold. That's newsawa. We got you. We are the latest breakfast show around. My name is Valentine or at Kala Miva. Valanapinaga colors. And today we have a very handsome fire fighter to tell us about today. How to take care of ourselves if perhaps we suffer burns or scalds. And there's a difference. Hi, how are you? I'm fine, thank you. What is your good name? Yes, my name is John Muli. Muli is a firefighter and also an emergency medical technician from ICT Fire and Rescue. Yes, I'm licensed by the Kenya Council of Emergency Medical Technicians. And I'm glad to be on the show today. I was hoping it would come with your firefighter uniform. Kaka pawa, matungeski ajo tu. Okay, I'm used to the heat anyway. But maybe next time we can... Okay, we have to make a promise on it. You promise the next time you'll come in with your uniform? Yes. It's binding. You have to. This is a long time since I did that. Let's talk about what is a burn and what is a scald. What's the difference? A burn is when your body tissues are damaged as a result of exposure to excess heat. It may be from flame or if you touch a hot object. Now a scald, on the other hand, these are basically... You can say it's as a result of when you get burned by liquids or steam. Maybe water, some more to milk. So basically that's the difference. One is from dry and the other one is from wet heat. Yes. I have a story. My childhood was filled with very many adventures. Among them, some mongo many tumas, kumweke. I think they formed a jumoto. So I got the kitchen. I'm very small at the time because I was very young. So I have to climb a stool to get to the counter. Kabla nichuwe tamo. The cup is here and I missed, obviously, I missed alafu, ni kumwagamaji, chini. So everything is slippery and then I fell after magiliyamaji moto. Alafu san miyangu kiaivi. So it's just a mess. So after my skin, nichuwe mekatongo, my skin was, Namiwa wa niha kwenjia kwenjia, kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia So, bans are very dynamic, kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia kwenjia We can describe them in terms of classification by their severity and depth So we have measured 3 in severity by depth We say the first one is the first degree. The first degree bun basically is your skin has two layers and then an underlying tissue. So a first degree bun is when you get burned and only the top layer of your skin is affected. That's basically from maybe if you briefly touch a hot object or from not so hot source of it. We will get a first degree bun and then with that you might not need to even see a doctor. It might heal with time. We will talk about how we manage it anyway. Then we have a second degree bun. A second degree bun is when both layers of your skin that is the epidermis and the dermis are affected. You get to see blisters now are very red skin maybe that is what you might have got. Then we have a third degree bun. A third degree bun is now more severe because both the layers of the skin that's the epidermis and the dermis. And also the underlying tissues are affected. And with the third degree bun sometimes the nerves might be affected and you might not even feel pain after the bun. And that's one of the severe bun. That sounds very scary. It's not that beautiful. So I read somewhere that children are more prone to get first degree bun. I don't know maybe it's because of curiosity. I don't know if it's because of curiosity. I don't know if it's because of curiosity. How to manage that that they just keep touching things over the place? Yes children by nature they are so curious. They touch everything and even put hot stuff in their mouths and all that. So to manage that one make sure that all the if you have any fire point or anywhere you expect that you'll be using a fire. Make sure that children don't go to that point. Also make sure that you keep away the kids while you're cooking. And don't let them be around fires that's in the kitchen and all that. Also before if you need to wash your kid make sure that you test the water temperature. Yes and for the kids who love the shower you know the bathing so much. Don't take the kid close to the water without first making sure that it's in the right temperature because most of them will you just put your hot water and they jump into the basin. Yes. So they'll be over excited and they just jump into the basin. And that can prove to be quite fatal. Katastrofi kive. Okay so let's just get down to for examples. A baby. Okay maybe. If you don't keep looking at it you don't know where it has gone. So let's say for example by mistake. Now the kid is crying. What do I do? How do I fix the burn? So yes your kid is burned and she's in America. Yes the best thing you can do is first of all be calm. I know that is very hard for mothers. That is the worst thing you can do. That is the worst thing you can do. Okay so one you need to pick the child. Make sure that they are out of danger first. That is if they are around the source of heat. Make sure that you take them away. And then depending on what has burned them because we have several causes of burns. You know how to address them. For instance some of the causes of the burns we can get a burn from what we call dry heat. That is from an open flame or touching out surfaces like this furia. Also we can get burns from chemicals, corrosive chemicals or strong alkalis. Electrical burns are also there. So we can get radiation, sunburns and all that. So we can get burns from quite several stuff. So on management one we need to come down to what has caused the burn. So if it's a burn from either dry heat or maybe the child has burned water. What you need to do is first of all run the burn area in the water for around 10 minutes. When you bring your body to a hot surface what your body will do is absorb the heat. So if your body absorbs the heat it means even if you take away the heat source you still be burning the heat. For instance if you get a slight burn from a matchstick you will get a relief if you just dip your finger in water. But what we do we just dip it and then after several seconds maybe 10 seconds we take the finger out and again you feel some heat in pain. Yes that's because your body has already absorbed the heat. So what you need to do is insert your burning from inside. So you need to stop the burning process. Yes that is when you are dealing with dry and also the skulls we are talking about. Again if we are talking about electrical burns which happen a lot especially in homes if we don't take care of our electrical appliances so well. I have a question. Yes. Me na jwa burn si na imajin moto as in moto. Ya. Either steam or fire. No. Electrical burns si ni shok. Buna ni pima? Ume se ma shok eh? You see shok eh? Shok? Nijin na mbo trawangarelea badae because shok means totally something different. So if you basically touch an active electrical maybe a cable or a live cable or something the current will flow through you. Usually you will get electrocuted and with that you will get some burns. You will have some wounds even. Yes you will have an entry and an exit wound. So you will have an entry wound. Kwa ni bo let? Sambino daswa. An entry wound will be from where you touch the electrical plants or the cable and then you will have an exit probably where your body touches the ground. Because the current is ok. Yes the current will flow through you. So basically with that one you need to be if you are to assist you need to be very careful. Because if the person who has been electrocuted sorry is still in contact with the live electrical cable or something like that. If you touch them you might also become a victim. Ok ni muna kwa moving. So if you touch something that doesn't pass current kamba or evi then it will flow through you. You impressed. What I encourage people to do basically is if possible try to eliminate the current. Basically isolate the current from that area. So if for instance we have maybe it's a cable or we can just try to switch off the power. That is a very basic thing if you are able to from the switch. And with that you actually get to remove the danger. So now with electrical burns one of the things which we need to be aware of is that if you get electrocuted. There are chances that the electricity might interfere with your heart rhythm. The first thing I thought of was brain actually. So heart. Yes your heart has a rhythm because the pumping rhythm. That rhythm is as a result of we have some like a powerhouse in our hearts. We have a power point, a fiery point in our heart where it raises some electrical impulses. So if you get electrocuted you can interfere with that. Let's call it an electrical impulse system of our hearts. And now put upon issues in the rhythm you can even go into cardiac arrest. And your heart stops. So yes burns are that serious sometimes. Yes. So if your heart stops now we actually don't even worry about the exit and the rest. Because we have bigger problems at hand. Yes, yes, yes. So again if your burns is a result of maybe chemicals. One if the chemical exposure you need to make sure that you don't. If the rescue or let me call you the rescue if you are the one who is going to assist. You need to make sure that you don't expose yourself. Okay that is one. And we say avoid affecting and affected areas in short. For instance if the chemical is on my right hand make sure that I don't contaminate my left hand. So basically the chemicals we say if it's a powder you want first to rub it off, brush it off. Then now you can run in water. Then if it's a liquid you need to run it in water. Seviya cases are whereby chemical burns our eyes are involved. And you go doing like this. Yes and you go doing like this. Now you bring more trouble. So what you are supposed to do if you have maybe one of your eyes. You need to run it in water for 15 to 20 minutes. This is assuming we have running water. Yes you have running water here. Now if you are not near water source. Because it's a reality. Yes it's a reality. But it's not fortunate because I cannot tell you you get anything else apart from water. Because you might put something else in the iron. Whatever you put in the iron the chemical will start to react. Ajambia maziva. Okay yes. So if that happens we get a reaction in your eye. The reaction might also produce heat. And now you have damage. Now what we say about chemical burns. The don'ts are. The first thing is atatamolifanya chemistry. Never try to neutralize that chemical while it's still on the body. Because we can have a reaction. You remember the exothermic. On my body. Yes we have a reaction. That's again more serious. I'd be freaking out. If you try to fix it then suddenly it's effervescent. But I want me to pay ma because at some point. Patanili soma kitambo. I had niki soma. Niki fangaisi ma chemistry chemistry. I transitioned between iyo pipetia. So iyo ilini pata. Kabula wakwe wa janja watu lete a waka kiitu e. Why are you trying to play with our lives? You see dangerous? Yes it's dangerous. Of course if you get to see the chemical it becomes dangerous. But I'm sure people from the lab are trained on how to handle those exposures. Because there are dangers which are reality in the labs. And they can happen. The best way we can do it is first of all address how to manage them. At least have someone around the lab. That's whoever is in charge of that lab. Should be knowing what to do in case of that. So nika kwa na lifeguard kwa swimming pool. So wakwe twa postan by kwa lab. Okay let's get to now something very important. Kwa muntua ki chomeka the immediate thing na waka fanya niki kwa vaslin. But in my head see it's not kutua joto. But you need to make us in a nika in a silly or joto sandani vizuri sandutu chemka. Is that something we should be doing? I can call it uganga. Yes people do quite a lot in terms of what they think is helping. What one aka unga. One aka kolgate. Yes if you apply unga the first few minutes you'll feel some good relief. Because the unga will be absorbing the heat from your body. But again after some while that unga becomes like a chakona. Because it has the heat now it will be burning you also. If you apply unga you are causing more damage. Because if you go to the hospital with your wound and you've applied unga. To make sure that there is no infection they need to clean the wound. So they like scrape the unga out. So that's more of a torture. So don't torture the band victims. Yes don't torture them. Water is allowed. Just water let's start with. Is it water is the only remedy that we should start with? We usually have band creams. But you know water is the most available thing I can talk about. But if you have a band cream yes you can apply a band cream. Is it something we can get over the counter? Ah yes the band creams. Is there certain types of creams that you recommend? Don't give me brands. We can't mention about giving me brands. We can just talk about band creams which have antibacterial properties. Yes they are good for the bands. And also we have creams which are able to cool the area. So those are actually good for bands. So you are a firefighter. Yes. And you have to stop, drop and roll. That's the basic stuff. So for example I am around somewhere that has caught fire. I am a motor to in itokia. What's the first thing? Am I going to run? Kujeri. Kujeri. I am going to start looking for water myself and be a hero. What is the protocol? You know anyway we can talk of stop, drop and roll. But fire seed and fire occur is very dynamic. It keeps on changing. So we can start from maybe how to navigate through smoke. Yes what to do if you are in a room. And you are sure that outside that room there is a lot of fire. We come to what happens when either your clothes or something is on fire while you are wearing it. Yes what you can do. So for instance if you are in a room and there is a lot of smoke. One, the first thing is one go down. Yes make sure that you are below your knee level. Yes whenever we have smoke, smoke will rise around 60 centimeters of the floor. Leave it some fresh air. Yes so you want to go down so that you can breathe. While you are down breathe through your nose. Not through your mouth. Yes so breathe through your nose. Yes again, peak calm. Peak calm if you know. Man say apu kwa kum ning trik se. Niki to trik is anak. But try being calm so that you can think. You know if you are anxious and all that you will not be thinking. You might do something crazy. That's why you see people jumping out of roofs and windows and all that. So try being calm. Go down. Now the major issue is if this happens at night. There is an issue with visibility. Again the smoke itself will come along some good moment of darkness. Yes if you can measure it. So what I can advise is just go close to a wall. And follow the wall. Regardless of how many meters will go. All will lead you there to your door. It's true. Now another case is for instance if you are in your bedroom. You are sleeping. Then you wake up and feel a lot of heat. Some smoke is coming through to the bedroom. And it's very evident that we have fire maybe in your living room. How do you go about that? Again matters a lot. So people have seen movies where people run through the fire. Yes. Then carries you majestically out. Now what you supposed to do is first. The best thing you can do is buy time. Yes for yourself. You are in the bedroom. It's a bit safer. You just shelter yourself where you are. Make sure that you are in. Now what you need to do one. Pick a piece of cloth. Preferably something white. Fix it on the gap below the door. That is to actually stop the smoke from coming in. Then don't open the door to you living room. Yes. Now you need to call for help from there. You can either use a phone call or wave through the windows and shortfall from the windows and all that. Yes but don't run through the fire. Yes that's very dangerous. Don't run through the fire. Because if you run through the fire you run in. You catch fire. So you need to remember that you are in the bedroom. No matrix type of. And you know that if your house is in fire we love like crazy amount of degrees. The heat itself. We love so much in terms of smoke. So you need to imagine that you are in the bedroom. Yes. In the bedroom there is something like liquid. So what do I do if I am inside such a situation? Now inside the bedroom house one you can say it's a bit easier to escape from that. For instance if your region which is unaffected I believe it's easy to cut through on my body. You can even use a knife. Yes. Because a body itself doesn't resist so much in terms of heat. So you'll be like boiling in there. But one thing which I've talked about don't run through the fire because the smoke itself will actually kill you before you burn. You run through the fire. You cannot run without breathing. You breathe there is a lot of smoke. So you just... I did not imagine that possibility. Yes. Inhale the smoke and collapse. Okay. I want us to talk about something. And I don't mean any offence. But the response time for calling for emergency services in Kenya is a bit questionable. It doesn't arrive as fast as I imagine it should. So how many times do you think it's like a yearly thing? So what am I supposed to do as a person? How am I supposed to help myself and those around me before help comes around? Okay. The issue of fire engine is not arriving in time and all that. It's... It's not your fault. Okay. No. It's really not your fault. Sometimes we get the blame while in real sense it's not our fault because sometimes like for instance if you just go around town and you ask people to have emergency numbers they'll be like... you'll only get around 3 in every 100 people. So what happens? Your house will be burning. You don't have an emergency number to call. So by that time we get someone who has an emergency number to call. Maybe that's over 30 minutes down the line. And fire is so disrespectful. It just spreads. Yes, spreads very fast. We have received the emergency call around 30 minutes after the fire started. And you have the situation in our roots. There is a lot of traffic jam and all that. Most of Kenyan drivers don't give way to these ambulances and fires. So you don't have to pay for it? Yes. Yes, we do. You guys trimshake here and you do like this piti aju. Now, by that time we get an incident. It's maybe an hour late. And we get the blame. Now if for instance if Kenyans had maybe something like a hot number to dial something like... You see, keyword reliable. Yes. Could be a bit better. Response could be a bit better. Because for instance if you need to call let's talk of Nairobi county fire brigade. What number do you use? All I know by the way is TP-9. That is all I know. And if you need to get a number to call you can do it. That's a challenge by itself. So we need to adopt a system whereby we can have a reliable hot number system. And also as of now we need to have the numbers in our phones. People have smartphones which can accommodate of several thousands of contacts. Yes, just save a few for emergency ambulances and fire tracks and also maybe police. Yes, it won't cost anything. Ladies and gentlemen please do take out your devices. I don't care how big or small but we're going to take these numbers down because they might just save our life. Give us the emergency numbers that we need to know. Yes, I can give you one reliable number which happens to be a link between not all but most of the ambulances in the country works like more of an Uber. You call them they'll basically see an ambulance which is closer to you that particular ambulance. Yes, so the number is 07 14 911 One more time. 0714 911 911 Was that kusuil kukusu diyo? Yes, and again it's a bit easy. So with that number that's flare rescue If you call that number they'll just dispatch an ambulance which is closer to your area and their appropriate ambulance we have different types of ambulances. An ambulance which suits you need. So that's what they do. That sounds cool. That means if I call that number to sometimes customer care is not very caring to the customer. So Nanzak Bishanam Hi, I need help. Are we going to start those ones? No but this is what I'll say about that. Those guys will ask several questions in order to help you because for instance you cannot call and say and start screaming and say I need an ambulance Kwa za uliye? Uliye and then you expect the ambulance to be there they need to know your location. Maybe that is possible but how many people live their location on all the time most of us don't. So if they ask you questions there will be few questions and they answer them. They need to know who they are talking to. They need to know what emergency crisis you are facing because they need to know what type of an ambulance or a fine engine they need to send and also location they cannot send an ambulance somewhere. The system doesn't work like teleporting so you just call and they have glass at the end so they need to actually understand your location so that they get to dispatch an ambulance to your location. So that's a very reliable number. I want us to recap as we conclude we'll finish off with the number but now just the basic things what we should do with burns or scouts that we can manage at home when we need to realize we need to see a doctor for help. So we've talked about how to manage the burns but generally we say the first thing you want to do is to eliminate the heat source again stop the burning process if you have an wound you might want to cover it make sure that you clean it so that you don't get infection but if you get anything more than 4 inches you might need to see a doctor also for those who break the blisters after the burn kindly don't break the blister because that's another channel for infection basically the blister is formed it's a body's way of trying to protect the underlying tissue but if the blister breaks now you need to clean it with warm water yes you might need to actually make sure that if you don't get more infection you need to protect it from infection we can talk of having something to cover and buy something which will not stick on the wound because that stick stick with the skin maybe if you do something which has a cotton or so might stuck on the wound and you love to remove it so much fun not fun actually because what you do if the wound has started healing and you have to remove those things it means that you just need to redo them again but above all we can talk of prevention so make sure that you don't leave unattended cooking quotes make sure that you do some good trunking electrical appliances avoid overloading the circuits and all that and also for those who smoke don't smoke well you can you can doze off and drop the procedure in your mattress to be very careful in that again kids they are the small masters of everything they actually do almost everything and they don't know how to do so make sure that one you don't let kids be around hot stuff and fires and our kwa chanini kiva kwa chaniki lei food kwa kwa duka na kama that's also dangerous so don't leave unattended cooking quotes that's very dangerous and now we finish off with him number he said it's reliable what's the number again please the number is 07 14 911 911 did you forget I have several numbers so I was thinking of also giving out to my agencies for those who are in and around tika ICT find rescue you are located somewhere along Garissa Road actually we are a response company we offer emergency response 24 hours and we also a school which trains on fire fighting and also emergency medical transmission courses and we have you two contact us for emergency reasons the number is 07 2233 7776 again 07 2233 7776 okay again for rescue flare rescue 0714 911 911 I also invite people to I said I'm registered under the Kenya Council of Emergency Medical Technicians so we'll be having fire and emergency medical service symposium wow from the 18th to 23rd but Kenya Airports Authority training school so you can join us and get more of this awareness the theme of the symposium will be fire fighter recognition awareness fire prevention and also recognizing emergency medical technicians and what they are supposed to do our normal days to day life so you can join us okay let me take that as a compliment you guys thank you so very much we have learned something I hope you have learned something but if you have just joined us you can watch the segment again on YouTube that is at white254 channel at white54 channel Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and YouTube as well thank you again can I say something you talked of shock the reason why I said we'll talk about shock later on when you say someone is in shock someone is in shock basically we don't really mean the electric thing yes that is electric so shock is whenever we have inadequate in terms of blood supply yes we don't have adequate blood supply now on when to see a doctor one of the cases if you have lost so much in terms of body fluids you have those signs of shock you'll see someone is pale dropped levels of consciousness as you need to see a doctor we talked of anything more than for any wound more than abandoned more than 4 inches you need to see a doctor also and whenever you see maybe you have an infection from a band you need to see a doctor so shock what we want to say we want to remind you that shock is inadequate in terms of blood supply so electrocution take care of that make sure that cables and extensions are not placed on the ground because water will just basically and you will have a different scenario yes surprise but you are full of surprise anything that you really want to say you want to say you want to say yes i will finish off because we talked of how to navigate through smoke and everything but we didn't talk of if you catch fire so if you are on fire if you catch fire we say you need to stop don't run because if you run you have been on a motorbike whenever kwa kwa ndudi kwa kwa ndudi una skia ni kama una kwa kwa kwa kwa kwa kwa kwa so whenever you run you are basically fanning the fire so it will go kwa kwa then we say so stop don't run drop down and then draw but remember don't drop a piece of or a stone best thing you can talk about dropping just cover your face well yes you need to cover your face well because if you get burns you can call it airway through the nose to the lungs that's quite serious because we love issues within a new year so we say that cover your face make sure that your arms pass through by the chest so that if anything has to come to your chest it has to pass through the arms because they are quite hard and they are quite a lot of white organs you just have it and then now you can draw okay yes you can stop then drop you are cutting the oxygen supply and don't if you take in a self completely cover your face yes completely cover your face so that you prevent the chances of hearing not fumes I believe that is all for now maybe you can invite us another time for more in uniform we can also come with a few more guys yeah in the letter we will for the viewers they cannot see we will come with it so I will just come with several guys I can do with that thank you again thank you for being with us on the segment K. Alex is coming up you do not want to miss it