 In situ-activated therapy is a promising approach for treating localized diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. This study used a phospholipid mimicking prodrug called Artemisinin prodrug, ARP, which is activated locally by the body's own enzymes. The prodrug is combined with methotrexate, a chemotherapeutic agent, and embedded in liposomes. These liposomes are then injected into the affected area, where they release their contents over time. The prodrug is broken down into its active ingredient, dihydroartemisinin, which targets inflamed cells in the joint. This treatment has been shown to reduce pain and swelling, and improve mobility in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This article was authored by Yahweh Du, Chaoli, Youxiang, and others.