 Konnichiwa and hello everyone. Welcome to the basic Japanese class for beginners. I hope by now you are a little familiar with the Japanese alphabet, with Japanese words, with kanji, with hiragana and I am sure we learn a lot more things during our 40 lectures here. You will get to know a lot about Japanese culture, about Japanese people also. But today, first of all, we will do the assignments that I had given you in the previous class. So, let us do our assignments. I hope you have done them. Ohayou gozaimasu. Soredewa hajimemashou. Do you understand this? Ohayou gozaimasu, of course you know I am sure. Ohayou gozaimasu means good morning. Soredewa hajimemashou. Let us begin now. I had given you in your first assignment to count things here from 1 to 10. So now, one thing I want to tell you is that there are pictures here. But in Japanese, when you count things, you count in a lot of different ways. For example, if you are counting long objects, you are counting flat objects, you are counting small animals, you are counting big animals, you will count them, you count people, you count them all in different ways. So over here, I have just listed, I have just put randomly some pictures for you, so that you can just practice your numbers from 1 to 10. It is not any method of counting, it is just a practice of numbers. So, please keep that in mind. That is the main reason we are not naming the objects over here. We are just counting from 1 to 10. Ichi, as you saw was already there. Ni, san, yon, go, roku, nana, hachi, kyuu, juu. So, we are not naming the objects listed here, shown here. We are just counting from 1 to 10. Your next assignment is this picture where you were to name the objects shown in the picture. So, while the objects are here for you, hoki, hoki, wine grass, wine grass, chess boudo, chess boudo, okashi, okashi is snacks, hana, hana. And in the end, we have spoon, foku, foku. Then in B we have how many things are there in the picture. So, you are supposed to tell how many things are actually there, the things that you have named. So, while there are 6 things in the picture, we will go on to the next assignment. Again, it was just to name the objects. Basically, what we are doing here is we are practicing vocabulary, which will help you make sentences later on when you are doing conversation. So, while the first one is kame, as you can see, ashi. You can repeat after me, ashi, jinja, take, take, take is bamboo, kabocha, kabocha, sushi. Sushi you can see is very interesting. It is a delicacy and it is made out of rice balls and raw fish or we could say raw seafood. You can see a lot of things put on rice balls and you eat it with sauce. It is a delicacy and it is liked a lot by foreigners as well. Terebi, terebi, ichigo, I am sure all of you like ichigo, kuchi, kushi and senpuki. Well, now I had given you some pictures and from the pictures you were to tell where the person is from and what is the name of the person's country. So, well, you can see from the picture that this person is not Indian or Oriental and looks from either Europe or the US. So, over here it is written doitsu, which is Germany and doitsu-jin, German. So, doitsu-kara desu, doitsu-jin desu. In a similar manner, we have these three pictures here. Kara desu, America-jin desu, Chuu-goku-kara desu, Chuu-goku-jin desu. You can make out from the kimono that the lady is wearing, that she is from Japan. Nihon-kara desu, Nihon-jin desu and of course, India. Indo-kara desu, Indo-jin desu. So, these were your exercises for last week. I hope you did them properly. Now, just for pronunciation practice, so that you get used to the sounds, your tongue gets used to the sounds. You understand hiragana. We will just practice these randomly put hiragana. You can repeat after me, please. A-i-u-e, papi-papu, o-i-u-e, he-hi-fu-ho, kaki-ku-ke, tachi-tsu-te, ke-ki-ku-ko, te-chi-tsu-to, sashi-suse, neninu-no, sushi-sase, naninanu, tachi-tsu-to, mami-mume, tochi-tatsu, me-mi-mu-mo, tachi-tsu-to, mami-mume, babi-babu, gagi-gu-ge, babi-bubo, ge-gi-gu-go, papi-pu-po, zaji-zu-zo. So, I hope now all of you are feeling a little more comfortable with these sounds, which are initially a little strange, but then you just get used to them and they sound very normal. Now, we have done about 46 syllables so far. We have done the first set of hiragana. Now, today we will do the second set of hiragana, which is actually not very difficult because it is made with the help of the first set. I will write it down for you once and then we will do the vocabulary over here. You remember doing the kei sound. I am sure you remember doing the kei sound ka, ki, ku, kei and ko. Then we did sa, shi, su, se and so. Then the third set we did was ta, ta, su, te and to. So, well, now we will do with the help of this, we will do another set today, which is the ga set, the g sound, which is a slightly nasal sound. So, just by adding two symbols over here, from ka, you can make it into ga, ga, gi, gu, ge and go. So, you could repeat after me please, ga, gi, gu, ge and go. The vocabulary for ga is ga-ki. Ga-ki is a musical instrument, ga-ki and ga-jin. You remember the word ga-jin? We did ga-jin in lesson 2. So, well, ga-jin is a foreigner. Then we have gi, ginko. Ginko is a bank and gishi, gishi is an engineer. Gu, gun-jin, gun-jin is a soldier. Gurabu, gurabu for gloves. You will notice that this is written in katakana because it is a foreign word. Ge, genkan, genkan is the main entrance of the house. The main door of the house, geta. Geta is wooden sandals, which the Japanese wear go. Go is goma, sesumi and gomi. Gomi is garbage. Now, again, we did in the first set sa, shi, su, se and so. Just by adding this symbol over here, we get the z sound that is za, ji, zu, ze and zo. Just by adding these two over here in the sa set, we get the za sound. You will notice that ji is a little different. This is an exception. Please remember. Now, to the vocabulary part, za zangyo. Zangyo is overtime, as you can see. Zashi, zashi is magazine. Jinja, jinja. You can see the meanings over here in English. Jinko, jinko, population. Zubon, zurui, zurui is cunning. Zembu, zembu, zeikin and in the end we have zo, zo, elephant and zori. Zori are flat sandals, which the Japanese wear. Now interestingly, as I told you earlier, for a long sound, you can write o-o as in zo, which is elephant, as you saw just now. You can also write z-o with a bar on top, which again means it is a long sound. And you can also write zo, which again also means it is a shows that it is a long sound. So, all these will be listed for you, so that you are familiar with it. You can choose whichever you want and you can use it when you are writing. Now, we did the ta series, the t series earlier. Now, by just putting this sign again, it becomes the d series da, ji, zu, de and do. Da, ji, zu, de and now you will see that this is actually it has come over here. So, this set is not used that much. This again is being used over here. So, this set is not used. So, these two symbols which you see are actually not used in hiragana when you are writing. So, we have da, ji, zu, de and do. Please remember that we will come to the vocabulary. Daikon, danchi, the meanings are given right here. Jibiki, jibiki, jisho, zu. We have nothing with zu over here. De, denwa, denchi, dorobo. You remember doing the h sound or ha, hi, hu, he and ho. I hope you remember this. Now, it is a little different from here. Ha changes to the B sound which is ba, ba, bi, bu, be and bo. Ba, bi, bu, be and bo. We will do the vocabulary. Bara, baikin, bideo, bijin, bunsho, bengoshi, bento. We have bo in the end. Boku, boku is informal for watashi which you have already done. But boku is only to be used by men, by males, not by girls. Bochi, bochi is a graveyard as you can see. Ba, bi, bu, be, bo. Then in the end, the same ha sound which we made into ba, we will put another symbol over here and make it into pa, the P sound. Pa, pi, pu, po. So, we will do this vocabulary very quickly over here for pa as well. Pisa, I am sure you like pisa all of you. Pink, and the girls will be liking this colour pink. Purashikku, puru. So, you can see the long sound is denoted by this dash over here in katakana as well as in roman. And all these words are in katakana again because they are foreign words. Penki, penchi and po, po is posto, your male and potto. Potto could be anything, it could be a tea pot, it could be a kettle, it could be a simple pot. Any pot is a potto in Japanese. Well, we are through with our hiragana set and now you can see that we did 46 symbols in the first set, 46 sounds in the first set. And today, we have done 25 in the second set and in all we have 71 symbols or sounds in hiragana. So, please remember all your sounds because you will be making a lot of words with them and we will be requiring them to make new words every day. Now, today we will do something new. You have done some construction, some sentences we have made, some grammar we have done today. As you are all students, you have said that you are students, your names are so and so, my name is this, I am a student. So, now, you would also like to tell your friends what your specialization is, what you have majored in, what you are studying. So, well, what is your specialization? Or your major or your subject is senmon which you are studying. So, senmon wa nandesuka, that is what we are going to do today. Well, before I actually give you the conversation, I would like you to listen to this audio. I know you will not be able to understand most of it, but I am also sure that you will at least be able to recognize a few words from the audio. So, please listen carefully to the audio and then we will go to the actual conversation. So, this is what you actually heard. Well, I will read it now for you. This is a conversation between Tanaka san and Rao san, two people. They are just talking somewhere and have already met probably, because the usual first time meeting conversation is not there which is hajimemashite dozo yoroshiku. So, well, they are just talking. I will read it out to you now. I will not read the names, please. Shitsurei desu ga onamae wa nandesuka Rao desu. Rao san wa daigakusei desu ka? Hai, sou desu. Senmon wa butsurigaku desu. Watashi no senmon mo butsurigaku desu. Tanaka san wa nan nensei desu ka? San nensei desu. Rao san wa watashi wa ninensei desu. So well, this is a simple conversation. You have already done shitsurei desu ga. Shitsurei desu ga, as you know, means I am sorry, but I am going to ask you something very directly and you put up a question. So, shitsurei desu ga onamae wa nandesuka. You have done onamae, which means name. Wa of course, is a particle which you have done, which is a subject particle. Nan is a question word, which means what. This of course, is the verb part and ka is the question, which makes a simple sentence into a question or an interrogative statement. So well, shitsurei desu ga onamae wa nandesuka? Rao desu. The answer is Rao desu. Rao san wa daigakusei desu ka? Rao san wa daigakusei desu ka? Daigakusei is a university student or a graduate student. Dai means big, a big place of learning. Are you a student of that place? Daigakusei desu ka? Hai, sou desu. Sou desu means yes, that you are right. Now this new word, senmon. Senmon means specialization. Senmon wa butsurigaku desu. Senmon again because you are talking about your specialization. So, senmon wa butsurigaku desu. Butsurigaku is physics. Watashi no senmon mo butsurigaku desu. Now a new particle for you, no and mo. So first we will do no. Particle no shows possession, shows belonging to a certain person. It is of a certain person. Something belongs to someone. Noun 1 wa noun 2 no desu. Noun 1 wa noun 2 no desu. Noun 1 can be anything, pen. Enpitsu, tokei, kaban, kuruma wa again noun 2 could be any person. Tanaka san watashi imouto sensei oka san no desu. So, pen wa tanaka san no desu. Pen belongs to Tanaka san. Enpitsu wa imouto no desu. Enpitsu wa imouto no desu. Enpitsu belongs to imouto. Tokei wa watashi no desu. Tokei wa watashi no desu. The tokei is mine. Is that okay? So, it basically means mine, yours and ours. Particle no always shows possession belonging to ownership of something. As you can see, it is written over here. Something is the possession of someone and it always follows a noun or a pronoun. Kaban wa watashi no desu. Isu wa gakkou no desu. The isu belongs to the school. Hon wa rao san no desu. As is written over here, hon wa rao san no desu. Megane, now this Megane belongs to me, does not it? So well, Megane wa watashi no desu. Does it belong to you? No, it does not belong to you. It belongs to me. So, it is mine, watashi no Megane desu. Megane wa watashi no desu. Then we go back over here. Now, in the first line shitsure desu ga onamae wa nan desu ga. Now, we did this question word nan. So, you will see that nan and nani are two question words, two interrogative words and they mean exactly the same. They are similar words you can read over here and are equivalent to wat in English. The only difference with these words is that nan and nani are used at different places. Nan is to be used with the numbers one. Second, it is to be used before words starting with either d, n or t. All other places you will notice. Later on, as we have just done only one over here, only one sentence with nan. Later on you will see that nani is to be used in all other cases. Also, you must have noticed in the conversation that o is given. We have done this onrific o last time also. This is to show politeness, to show respect to the other person and generally is used with namae and kuni. Kuni is country, namae is name. So, when you are asking someone's name, please say o namae wa nan desu ka? And if you want to know someone's country, well you will say okuni wa dochira desu ka as we did last time. But please remember this also that for your own name, you will never use o namae. You will always use namae and for your own country, you will never say okuni, but you will say kuni. So, please remember that watashi no kuni wa indo desu. Anata no o kuni wa dochira desu ka? Please remember that, well this is your conversation in English. It is a translation. Senmon wa nan desu ka? So, well you just go over it and I am sure you will understand it is not such a difficult conversation. We have done everything in the conversation, in class here. Well, this is your conversation in the script. So, now we go back to know, you can practice with a lot of words here I have given for practice. For example, you could put watashi no pen desu. Watashi no enpitsu desu. You can repeat after me please. Watashi no kaban desu. Watashi no shousetsu desu. Watashi no kyoukashou desu. Shousetsu is a novel. Kyoukashou is a textbook. Watashi no kyoukashou desu. Watashi no kagi. Kagi is as you have seen, kagi wa kizu. So, watashi no kagi desu. Watashi no kasa desu. Kasa is an umbrella. Watashi no kasa desu. Watashi no megane desu. So, now what you can do is with no. We just now did watashi no pen desu. Watashi no kasa desu. Watashi no kasa desu. This just pen as I told you once again we can practice as we did over here. Instead of watashi you can put any name you want as we did over there and you can just use it with pen or you can put list a number of nouns over here. Number of things and say watashi no pen desu. Tomodachi no pen desu. Tomodachi no kaban desu. Tanaka san no kuruma desu. Any of this and you can practice at home. You will see it is listed over here. Watashi no pen desu. So, now you can also use two-nose. For example, as is given over here. Watashi no tomodachi. Watashi no tomodachi. My friend no pen desu. Watashi no tomodachi no pen desu. Tanaka san no okusan. Okusan is wife. Tanaka san no okusan. Okusan no pen desu. I will write it down for you over here. Watashi no tomodachi. Tanaka san no okusan. Sensei no okasan no pen desu. So, you have two-nose over here. This no okusan. So, you have relationship very clearly stated Watashi no tomodachi no pen. My friend's pen. Tomodachi no okasan no pen desu. Oto san no tomodachi no pen desu. Sensei no pen desu. A simple relationship over here. Sensei no pen desu. Watashi no sensei no pen desu. Only my teacher, not your teacher, Watashi no sensei no pen desu. Now, there is a small dialogue over here. Tanaka san wa gakusei desu ka? Hai, sou desu. Kim san mo gakusei desu ka? Hai, watashi wa doboku kogaku no gakusei desu. Tanaka san no senmon wa nan desu ka? Watashi no senmon wa kagaku desu. So well, this is a dialogue between Kim san and Tanaka san and you can very clearly understand what they are saying. Tanaka san wa gakusei desu ka? Are you a student? Hi, I am a student. Kim san is also a student? Hai, watashi wa doboku kogaku no gakusei desu. I am a civil engineering student. Tanaka san no senmon wa nan desu ka? Watashi no senmon wa kagaku desu, which is chemistry. So, this is how you can ask someone's senmon. This is the translation of the kaiva in English and you also have it written here in the script and the important part in this conversation is senmon which we are going to practice now. Now, for practice we have it right here for you. Watashi no senmon wa kagaku desu or watashi no senmon wa kagaku de wa arimasen. We did de wa arimasen in lesson 3, so please remember you can say this and you can also say de wa arimasen. Watashi no senmon wa wutsurigaku desu or wutsurigaku de wa arimasen. Watashi no senmon wa su-gaku desu or su-gaku de wa arimasen. Watashi no senmon wa bun-gaku desu or watashi no senmon wa bun-gaku de wa arimasen. So, please you can do the same thing for all the others, hou-gaku, i-gaku, ken-chiku, ke-zai-gaku or ke-zai also is used, johou-kou-gaku. So, any of these you can use as the pattern does not change. Watashi no senmon wa my specialization is whatever. You can also ask what is your senmon by just adding ka in the end. So, tanaka-san no senmon wa nan desu ka and instead of tanaka you can put any of these nouns over here. Instead of tanaka you can say anata, you can use oka-san, you can use imoto, you can use tomodachi and you can also use ototo or any other noun that you want to. Tanaka may be replaced with words given below. Tanaka-san no oku-san no senmon wa kagaku desu. And you can also put a ka over here and you can ask tanaka-san no oku-san no senmon wa kagaku desu ka. If it is kagaku, hai kagaku desu. If it is not kagaku, i-e, kagaku dewa arimasen. So, you can have a small conversation over there. In a similar manner, tanaka-san no tomodachi no onamae wa nan desu ka? You can ask a simple question. Now, if you remember in the dialogue, tanaka says watashi no senmon mo butsuri-gaku desu. Now, this particle mo, this is new particle mo, this is a new particle, it means also or to even. So, if I say watashi wa indo-jin desu, watashi wa indo-jin desu. I am Indian. If you are also Indian, you can say watashi mo indo-jin desu. So, watashi wa indo-jin desu. Simple statement that we have done. Now, this has been said once, watashi wa indo-jin desu. Now, if you are also Indian, then you can say watashi mo indo-jin desu. I am also Indian. So, now you will notice that if you have to use particle mo, which means also or to, then a statement has to be given first. A statement has to be there. Something has to be said, which you are repeating. Watashi wa indo-jin desu. Watashi mo indo-jin desu. I am also an Indian. Watashi wa gakse desu. In place of indo, you can put gakse, you can use bengoshi, all the vocabulary that you have done for profession, for what you are doing, for your senmon, for where you belong to, what country you come from. You can put any of these and say watashi mo. It could be gakse, it could be Indian, indo, it could be bengoshi, anything. It can be used. But you have to remember only one thing, that wa has to be, a statement has to be made first with wa and then only mo can be said. It is used in affirmative, interrogative and negative sentences. Over here you can see watashi no senmon wa kagaku desu. Imoto no senmon mo kagaku desu. So you can please read all of this. As you can see Tanaka san wa indo-jin desu. Watashi mo indo-jin desu. Tanaka san wa ninensei desu. Neha san mo ninensei desu. Ninensei is ni is too as you have done. Nen is here and sei is a student. So, I am a second year student. Tanaka san is a second year student. Neha san is also a second year student. Tomodachi wa gakse desu. Watashi no tomodachi mo gakse desu. My friend is also a student. Imoto san no senmon wa nan desu ka? Imoto no senmon wa kezai desu. A simple conversation. Well, there was a small phrase over there. So this, you have done it once. So this means that is right. What you are saying is correct. And Arigato, I am sure as you already know is thank you very much. Now, we did numbers last time from 30 to 31 to 50. Today we will do numbers from 50 to 60 and 60 to 70. So, very very quickly for you goju ichi. You can repeat after me. Goju ichi, goju ni, goju san, goju shi or goju yon, goju go, goju roku, goju nana, goju hachi, goju kyuu, roku juu. I hope you will remember all of this. Lot of new vocabulary I can see. But well, we need to do all that because we want to make some good sentences, some good conversation we want to do. So well, this is from 61, roku juu ichi, roku juu ni, roku juu san, roku juu yon, roku juu go, roku juu roku, roku juu nana, roku juu hachi, roku juu kyuu, nana juu. So, all of it is listed over here in Roman, in Hiragana and in Kanji characters. Especially, Hiragana is listed for you so that you can memorize the Hiragana characters, memorize the Kanji characters and then you are able to write very nicely later on. Next, we did Kanji, I believe, till 6 roku. Now, we will do from roku onwards till 10. So, first of all, we will do nana. Nana is just two strokes. I will just make it for you nana. So, one and two nana, then comes hachi. Hachi is very simple, four fingers like this and four fingers like this makes it eight. So, eight is very very simple like this hachi. Then we have kyuu, kyuu or kuu. Kyuu is the strongest of the single digits. So, it comes from this part like this kyuu. So, it is made like this kyuu and then very simple juu. These are your numbers. Please remember nana, hachi, kyuu and juu. Is it okay? Once again nana, you can repeat after me hachi, kyuu and juu. All are two stroke Kanji over here you will see. You have done four strokes and five strokes earlier, but all these, this set is all two strokes. Now, this is simple vocabulary. The meanings are given on the right side. Hiragana in the center and in blue is all the new vocabulary for you. Please learn it at home. Akka-chan, kodomo, onnanu-ko, otoko-no-ko and you can see, it means a boy, okasan. It is a long sound, oto-san, imo-to, oto-to, onesan and over here younger sister and elder sister. The Kanji characters, the pictograms are different. Onesan, elder brother and again you have ototo and onesan and the Kanji characters, the pictograms are again different. Obasan, oji-san, oksan and please oku-san. So, the ku is silent over here. So please, this is all new vocabulary which you can use when you are using the particle no. It will come very handy. So, please learn this vocabulary. Now, in the end, we have your assignments. It is your homework now. Practice by changing the underlined words with options given below. It is a very simple assignment. Suzuki-san wa America kara desu ka? Iie, sou de wa arimasen. Watashi wa Nihon kara desu. And then you have a, b, c, d, anata, otou-san, tomodachi, sensei and furan-su, kankoku which is korea, spain and thai which is thailand. So, please practice by changing the underlined words with options given below. You have the names and the name of places. You need to replace those with the options. Then, practice with your partner by replacing country and senmon with words given below. So, you have America, doitsu, thai, indo, itaria, furan-su, eigo, nihongo, computer, kikai kou-gaku, kagaku, kei-zai. You can replace them properly. Read the conversation. I am sure you will understand all of it. It is not very difficult. All of it we have covered in the lesson. So, you can replace these place names with place names here in the conversation and your specialization, your subject names with words here underlined where subject is required. And now, we have had a long class. So well, I will finish here. Soredewa minasan arigatou kore de owarimasu. So well, thank you everyone. Let us finish here today and we will join again. Meet again tomorrow for our next class. So, minasan mata ashita aimashou. Arigatou gozaimasu. Thank you.