 Hello, I'm Cristina Chawarria. I'm an independent consultant. I'm here on behalf of the Alliance for Responsible Mining from Columbia. I work with artisanal miners, governments, mining companies, civil society organizations to incorporate greater sustainability, equity and human rights into the mining sector in general. There have been a lot of dialogues, and I think what is key for a dialogue idea to be taken forward is to convene the right people, the people who are really passionate and engaged with the issues that the dialogue seeks to resolve or address, and especially those people who are at the center of this problem, who are the small-scale miners. And that takes big efforts, and it takes an extra effort in terms of funding for translation and for getting those artisanal miners who speak different languages all over the world, who have different cultural approaches to what mining is for, to be able to get them to the table or take the table to where they are. Well, I think it has to be pertinent. People feel that this is going somewhere, that it's, you know, not just more talking, but that actually there's things that are going to come from here. And right now all over the world, in many countries, artisanal miners are trying to formalize, and there's a number of formalization policies in different countries all over the world. So how can this support the miners to get the interest of governments and the commitment of governments to really move forward and finance those formalization plans? So very important to convene the governments and the right people within government and government institutions, I think, is crucial. The convening has to be broad, but it has to be very significant. You need to know really who are the key people to sit at the table. Ideally, it should be at a local, local level and enhance a lot of the sort of peer-to-peer dialogue and exchange of experiences, because basically you do need to enable the empowerment of artisanal miners, organized artisanal miners, so that they are the ones who can really take forward this and seek to leverage the opportunity of being with people from other countries and being with organizations, international organizations, who will support their case for appropriate and fair ways of formalizing and ensuring that governments really put their efforts at liberating areas, freeing up areas, that can be then titled to artisanal miners. Because this is a big problem in some countries like Mongolia, Colombia, Philippines, etc. Let's say that within one year, I would like to really see a very effective engagement of key artisanal mining leaders from different parts of the world engaged in this dialogue, as well as key governments. That for the short term. A really good strategy to involve them. And over the next five or ten years, I think a recognition, a greater growing recognition of the important role that artisanal mining plays in, let's say, sustainable rural livelihoods in the national economies, in generating decent jobs, in creating ethical, traceable supply chains, in sustainability in human rights in general, in creating wealth for the miners in those communities that are so marginalized. Well, there's a question about the land rights and the mineral rights. I think it's crucial in enabling local content in the decisions about how land is managed in the territories, as we say in Latin America, in territories that are the basis and the lifeline of many communities all over the world. So their say and their vision of self-determination and how they want their territory, their lands to use and the support of governments and other actors to make that happen so that we can combine the conservation of biodiversity, water, extraction of minerals and agriculture, pastoralism, fishing, because it's those communities are the first ones who are interested in things working and they're surviving in those territories in the long run.