 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education. I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, SS Khanna Girls Ruby College, University of Allahabad and today I am going to discuss with you all a new concept that is distance education, its meaning, scope and need. Durasth Shiksha is ka earth, Vishakshetra or Avishakra and the lecture will be useful for you all, for all of us actually. So let's start first of all meaning distance education ka earth So Durasth Shiksha ka kya aarth hai, Durasth Shiksha, distance education is education, ye kus tari ke ki Shiksha hai, which includes, jiske anter gata hai kya, teaching learning methods, Shiksha na digam vidhya hai isme bhi aingi, but in which learners and instructors are separated by time and space. Lekin jo sikhne wala hai, jo sikhane wala hai, jo anudeshak hai, jo Shiksha thi hai, adigam karta hai, go ek dosre se, samay aur kaal, matlab jaghe ke sandarm mein alag alag hotin, kya matlab iska, ki mali ji humne Ignu main role hai na, sabne Ignu ka naam sunrak hai, Indira Gandhi National Rokin University aur bahar ke loghi us mein role hotin, enrol hotin, matlab zaroti mein, baharat se baharat, bahar ke students me us main role hotin, toh space alag ho gaya, aur time alag ho gaya in the sense ki, hosakta maa pe aapko, jo uploaded material miltao, jo upload karne wala, us ne alag time pe upload kya, aap us ko alag time pe sunra hain, toh iss tari ki ki baat hain, toh jase main iss wak upload karne, record karne ho, fir upload karungi aur har aapmi apne humne issaaf se sunne ga, toh ye iss tari se doori hai, door ashta Shiksha mein doori ki sandarm mein hai, doori ki sandarm mein hai, ki jo sikhne wala hai, jo sikhane wala hai, goi dosre se doori hai, time ke sandarm mein bhi, jo space ke sandarm mein bhi. One of the major advantages of this education is that individuals can pursue academic programs and achieve the desired outcomes even while residing at a distance. Iska ek laa bhi ho sakhta hai ki maan li ji hum Igmu se pahai karna chata hain, but hum Delhi ja kariya, waha ja kar nahi kar sakhte, hum door hai, hum Igmu bohut door kahe remote area mein raita hain, toh hum doori se bhi, door rahe ke bhi, ko academic program, course pursue kar sakhte ho, and desired outcome ko mil sakhta. Ye kis ka sbse badaf aida hai. The transaction of the curriculum is effective using specially prepared material. Toh curriculum kya se transact kiya jayega, part of the program aapka kya kise pocha hai jayega, iske diye banana patta hai, kya banana patta hai, specially prepared material. Goh, samagri, viseh shroop se, viseh shikrit samagri banayi jaati hai, jisko ke SLM ya SSM bhi, self-learning material ya self-study material, jesse aap khud par sakin, that are delivered to the learners through various media. Aur wo juh sikhne wala hai usta kise pocha hai jayega, bohut sare media is main wall, boh ne jase print ho sakta hai, television ho sakta hai, radio, satellite, audio, video tapes, CD, ROMs ho sakta hai, internet, world wide web and so on. Yeh kii, chuki aap door hain. Okay? Aur hum teacher aap ke pas hai nahi, toh kise pahingya aap ke liye, hum ne banaria SLM banaria, self-learning material banaria, aur wo aap tak hum transact kise keringi, iske liye jayse jayse technology involve hoti ki, viseh-viseh, hum media istimhaal kate gaya. Shroo aati daur mein print, phil, television ke through broadcast ho aap, radio pe broadcast ho aap, satellite channel bane shiksha kariye, audio, video tapes bane CD, ROMs ho aap jabse internet aap gaya, tabse toh aap within the second jayse hi upload kya jayega, viseh hi aap ko mil jayega, toh ish tari ke ki takni ki, iske maal kati hai. Hence it can be stated that the use of technology has rendered a significant contribution in facilitating distance education. Iske hum kihar sakte hai, ki dooras toh shiksha ko facilitate karne mein, technology ne bohat bari bhoomi ka nibhaya hai, takni ki ne. Aur jayse jayse takni ki evolve hoti gayi, viseh-viseh, distance education bhi bhihtar hota gaya. Communication between institutions, instructors and learners is through electronic media. That is, telephone ho sakta hai, interactive radio counseling ho sakte hi, teleconferencing, videoconferencing, chat sessions, emails, websites and so on. Kyaise aap tak hum batayenge ki aap ko kab apna assignment sabmit karna hai, aapka result kab deklair ho gaha, aapke examinations, remote mode wake up hoonge, uske li telephonic services rahi phir interactive radio aaya, phir teleconferencing ho nahi door bathe baat ho sakte hi hai, phir videoconferencing, door bhi bathe hain par ek usse ko dek soon bhi sakte hi hai, chat sessions jaltah hi hai, aap toh email toh hai hi, websites hoti hai ase institutions ki and so forth. Aur viseh ki taraya haage. The distance education is an outcome of certain socio-historical compulsions and technological growth. Toh kya kya kya sakte hi hai, ki dooras toh shiksha kiska palinam hai, kiska outcome hai, jo samajik etihasi khampe compulsions hai, abhi dekhine kya hai, ye samajik etihasi compulsions, aur jayse jayse takhneki ne apna apni growth ki, apni pridhi ki, viseh viseh distance education evolve hota raya. Toh agar definition dekhi toh bohat sari hai, par yeh jo keegan ki definition hai, bohot comprehensive hai, usne koi bhi poin chhoda nahi hai, toh ahme si ko samaj liye toh distance education ko samaj hain hai. It offers a comprehensive definition of distance education that encompasses all the essential elements, iske antarghat, iske sabhi aavashyakta toh aate hai, he defines distance education as a form of education characterized by. Yani ki keegan ne kaha ki duraste shiksha ek ish prakara ki shiksha hai, iske me ye viseh bohn hota hain. Convince goon, pehla hai ki di quasi permanent separation of teacher and learner, dekhi permanent separation hi hai, quasi laga diya toh ardhik samaj satte hai, ki permanent li separate nahi hai teacher and learner, dekhi aadhe rupse, anshi rupse separated hai, throughout the length of the learning process. Dab tak aapka course chalega, aadhigam prapya chalegi, tab tak jo learner hai, jo teacher hai, jo teacher hai. So, iske anshi kya agar rupse separated hoga, distinguishes it from conventional face-to-face education, aur yahi isko vibheh bhi krith karta hain, bishisht banata hain, goh education jo hum college mein, school mein, face-to-face board mein patne hain usse. Fe, the influence of an educational organization, both in the planning and preparation of learning materials, and in the provision of student support services, that distinguishes it from private study and teach yourself programs. Yi kaya raha hai ki, phir hum kaha hai ki, yeh private study hai, ya teach yourself program hai to kere nahi. Kyuki isme jo student support services hum aapko provide karte hain, goh isko vishesh banata hain, private study se. Matlab ki teacher aur learner door hai, yeh isko vishesh banata hain, vibhehd karta hain, paramparik shikshan padadhi se. Phir yeh jo hum aapko student support services provide karte hain, yani ki, vidyadhi ki sahayata ke liye jo services diyati hain, self-learning material ke rukh mein, planning ke rukh mein, bohot saari, is tarike se, wo isko private tutor se alakarta hain, private tutoring se, ya teach yourself programs se. Phir, the use of technical media, print, audio, video, or computer to unite teacher and learner and carry the content of the course, the provision of two-way communication so that the student may benefit from or even initiate dialogue, this distinguishes it from uses of technology and education. Phir, yeh kaha hain ki phir yeh shikshan mein takhniki kyu nahi hain. To kaha hain ki, chuki isme jo hum ne yeh takhniki ka istimal zaroor kaha hain. Lekin isme yeh takhniki, shikshan mein takhniki se kis pukhaha bhin hain ki isme learner jo hain, boh dialogue initiate bhi kar sakta hain. Maal, yeh koi chat session hain. Zaroori nahi yeh ki, hameisa teacher ispe message kari, bacha pukh sakta hain, yeh kya hain, kese hain, koi doubt hain, koi clarification hain. Toh, technology and education se, yeh sprakar bhin hain. Matlab iske visheshikrit vata hain, ki yeh paramparik shikshan se bhin hain, yeh private shikshan se bhin hain, private tutoring se bhin hain, yeh shikshan mein takhniki se bhin hain. Aur, the quasi-permanent absence of the learning group is very taught as individuals, and not in groups with the possibility of occasional meetings for both didactic and socialization purposes. Yeh kaya rahe hain ki chuki, har bacha apne hi saab se sif rahe hain, jo peer group hain bo apas me milta julta nahi hain, toh iss tari ke se aisa lagta hain, ki yeh individual study hain, group study nahi hain. Lekin, kabhi-kabhi, occasionally, kabhi-kabhi, semester me ek doh baar, hain iss tari ke ki, jo yeh centers hain, bo meetings koal karte hain, jis me aapas me bo, jo satra hain, jo bacha hain, jo ek, ek hi satra main role hain, wo ik dhushne se mil saki hain, aur unka socialization, samaji karan ko saki hain. Toh yeh khaz baat hain, koi bhi baat ki egan ne chodi nahi hain, asli yeh definition pare aapht hain. The scope. Need, kar pere tha, scope isar pehle hain, koi baat hain. Vishakshetra kya aas ka? Kisse, matlab kya aas ka, leena dena kisse hain? Toh vidhi advancements in communication and educational technology, and the development of the distance education system as a whole, there has been an enhancement in accessibility, equality, and quality of education for all. Abhi ye baat ki jaar hi hai ki, sabhi tak shikshaki pahoch ho, samta moolak shikshah ho, aur samanta puna shikshah ho, sab tak shikshah ho, aur gunvata puna shikshah ho. Toh yeh kyaise ho sakta hai, jab distance education mein, evolved hua, jab communication and educational technology evolved hui, toh. Distance education at present has a lot of potential. Toh jo nurasthe shikshah hai, uske entagati yeh capability hain, yeh shakti hain, ki wo uska scope kahan tak hai, ussabhi logotap, jinn ke, jinn, matlab jinn, ko kya zahurat hai, who do not have access to conventional education. Uska scope kis ke liye hai, ki jo, paramparik shikshahan patati se nahi par sakta hai, koi bhi dikkat hai, kisi bhi tari ke ki, uske liye, who are deprived of proper educational facilities, jinn ke paas proper shakshik subidhahi nahi hai, koi remote area hai, koi tribal area hai, bahut door hai, unke ghar se, school colleges. Unke liye, who could not continue their education in those students, those participants, those individuals, jo paramparikshahan sansthaan hume, apni shikshah ko continue nahi kar sate, koi bhi dikkat hai, koi dikkat, koi bhi maari ho bhi hai, koi, matlab, koi bhi problem of sabhat sate hai, family bay mein hai, koi institution mein, koi ghar mein, issareki ki baat ho bhi hai, usko noqway, bahai bhees mein chor nahi par rhiye, ussabhi ke liye, who are unemployed and want to continue their education from their home itself, jo unemployed hai, lekin uske baat bhi, ki ghar se hi par likh liye, humko aana jaana nahi pade, koi baat aane jaan, bhai, koi baat main hi, missuske hai, ki students, isli bhi nahi aate, school colleges ki, unke paas apne payase nahi, ki baat roj roj, aane jaane ka, kya hai besake hai, fir unke liye bhi hai, who are employed and want to improve their educational qualifications, aur unke liye, jo kahi, involve hai, koi nopri karte hai, lekin koi apni, shakshi konwatta, qualification baat haana chate hai, unke liye, nopri chhoreke toh, conventional education ke liye, toh, nopri chhoreni padegi, toh, ye toh, ke liye posibil nahi hai, aur, who wants to pursue general vocational, professional, or technical education, outside the conventional system, aur kahi logan, genko ye, flexibility chahi hai, jo, fixed, mode mein nahi par sakte hai, nahi, hum, issi same exam nahi denge hai, hum, todham ko, flexibility chahi hai mode, toh, unke liye, toh, in sabhi prakara ke, logun ke liye, durasth shikshah, ek bahut achhoy ek matravikalb hai, you can say, toh, inka diskas ko, yehahan tath hai, phir neat, aur shikta kya hai, si, kya aam shikta padeeg, as a welfare state, the government of India is obliged to provide free education to all children up to the age of 14 years, as per article 45 of the Indian constitution. Ye sbko pata hai, ab ish par baat ho chuki hai, ki hum, madlab government of India, kar tabh ye badh hai, Bharat sir ka hai, ki chawta vashta ke, sabhi bachche ko, free aur compulsory, aur quality education degi, toh, bach saare program chalaya gaya, jay say, UEE chalaya gaya, universalization of elementary education, EFA chala, education for all, these are the launch way. How will the situation is far from satisfactory, but abhi bhi hum, Santosh Janak sthiti se bahut dooh hai, in the higher education sector, the situation is no different, aur yahi haal, uchya shikshah ka, bhi hai, yaha par bhi hai isthiti hai, ki Santosh Janak nahi hai, kya ho raha hai, there has been an increase in demand for higher education over the years, agar aap data otha kar dekhi, toh, aap ye paayenge ki, bhi teweh varshome bahut, maang badhi hai, uchya shikshah mein, roll hone baale students ki, more and more people are not able to have access to higher education due to various reasons, dekin bahut saare log hain, jo uchya shikshah mein, matabin roll nahi opate, pohch nahi hai, ondak, toh kya kare, the rationale or need for distance education under three specific areas, toh hum kaha hai saktin hai, ki jo rationale hai, jo uske piche tarak banta hai, doorashta shikshah kere, jo uski abhishakta hai, uske piche, vishesh karaan ho saktin hai, kone kone se, pehla the problem of growing numbers and limited access to education, pahne baalon ki sankhya badh rahi hai, aur institution uske, usse hizaap se nahi badh rahin hai, aur toh pohch, jo hai, ho seemeet ho gayi hai, toh pohch badhane ke liye, quality of education, jo traditional education system hai, jo conventional institution se, bo abhi bhi, utni badhiya quality provide nahi kar rahin hai, toh quality ke liye, aur relevance, jo, jo curriculum hai, bo up to date nahi hai, jo shikshah dijari hai, relevant nahi hai toh iske bhi hai, toh ye 3 chee se hi, matap, access to education, quality of education, and relevance of education ke liye, dooras toh shikshah ki aavashakhti hai, aya bhi, ek karke dekhayate hai, access, quality, and relevance, access meh ghar dekhayate hai, toh according to, all India's survey on our higher education, ash, for 2020-2021, yani ki bahut purana data nahi hai, the student enrollment ratio in higher education scale, from 0.7% in 1950-51, to 72.56% in the UG level, 15.7% in the graduate level, and 27.1% in the doctorate level, yani ki aap paayenge, ki kitna tremendous expansion hua hai, the system has expanded around 17 times in terms of universities, 31 times in terms of colleges, and 15 times in terms of gross enrolments since independence. Thoda purana data usakhti hai, ye kaya rahe hai, ki jo system hai, matap, pura jo educational system hai, wo agar hum dekhayate, toh satra guna university, he's baad gaye, ikat tiz guna colleges baad gaye, aur jo GER hai, gross enrolment ratio, yani ki kitna bacha enrol hota hai, higher education hai, wo bhi 15 guna baad gaya, do India has witnessed substantial growth, toh hum kaisak nahi, hi bohot acheep, hum ne pragati ki, yeh bridhi ki hai, but still, hum ara GER jo hai, jo gross enrolment ratio hai, toh sattais dashna, teen pratishat hi hai, aur yeh, Vishwa ke vikasit, aur poch vikasheel, deshon ke average percentage se bhi kum hai, aur kaya dekat hai, bohot koshishon ke baad bhi, hum shikshah mein, chhe pratishat kap se kaha jaar hai, kothaari commission se kaha jaar hai, ki chhe pratishat aap, GDP ka shikshah ko deejaye, but abhi bhi hum, teen dashna aur 8 pratishat hi deh pahin hai, aur higher education pe sabha ka adhikaar hai, toh kya kia jaye, matlab, demand jada hai, institutions kaam kaam hai, bohot prayason ke baad bhi, GER baad nahi raha hai, payasah bohot laga nahi paar hai, hoche shikshah mein toh kya kare, toh iska matlab, ki hain ko koi aur vidhi shikshah deh le ki, sochani ho ghi, toh despite an increase in the number of educational institutions and facilities, only 27.3% of the GER for higher education, bohot humne koshish ki, tabhi GER, 27% hi pauncha, budget for higher education is not sufficient, jo budget hai higher education ka, wo sufficient nahi, kyon, ki yeh jo 3 dashna 8 pratishat hai, uska bhi major percentage elementary education ko jaata hai, kyon, ki sarkar katti badd hai, prati badd hai, ki usko 14 varsh takke sabhi, bachon ko, nasul ko anibari shikshah deh li hai, toh higher education ka percentage kum bachata hai, aur vidhi increase in emphasis on elementary and secondary education, ab hum kya kar hain, elementary education baddhate jaar hai, toh higher education ki tarham demand jaada hai na, ki bahi jayis na secondary education kar li, boh higher education pe anachata hai, toh yeh jo sarkil ban raha hai, wo yeh situation utpanna kar raha hai, ki hum ko, kisi aur mode se panna panna hoga, because with depleting resources, it is not possible to start more conventional institutions, toh yeh toh bahut paise baala kaam hai, samay ka kaam hai, ki institution ban hain, doh chaar saal mein baneega, phir hum ush mein recruitment kare, phir teachers ka laga hain, phir ush mein pura infrastructure de, building equipment sab laga hain, toh yeh toh dikkat ki baat hai, aur government hi bhi nahi kya sarki, ki bhaiya higher education jo liye na chaata hai, usko deyne nahi, toh kya kare, answer lies in distance education, toh jayi duras te shikshah ke, jo karikram hai, jo sansthaan hai, yehi humare, yeh ek maat rvi kalpa bachite hain, kyunki yeh cost-defective bhi hain, kum paise mein hosah jayega hiya kaam, po, inge paaz potential bhi hai, yeh flexibility bhi hai, ki yeh sab toh, sab tak, sab aur, gurvatta poon sankhya mein, gurvatta poon tarike se, aur bohot bhaii sankhya mein, students ko, provide ka sakte hain, education. Kaun kaun hosakta hai, inga student, rural, tribal, and urban areas ke bachhe, economically weaker sections ke students, jen ke paaz, colleges nahi attend ka sakte, financial constraint hai, aur, koi disadvantage group, women aur koi disadvantage group, jisko, anumat paisa toh hai, lakin anumati hi nahi hai, ki aap jaye par hiye, yeh social geographical and physical condition, uski asi nahi hai, ki wo regular college attend kar pahe, aur, working individuals, jo nahi chata hain, ki apna samai aur naukri barbaad kar ke paad hain, aur apni scale aur qualification ko upgrade kar na chata hain, improve kar na chata hain, un sabhi hi logon ke liye, durasht shikshai, ik maat rvi kalp hain. Quality, jab high education ki quality ki baat ki jaati hain, toh hona kya chahiye, exceptionally high standard hona chahiye, sub normal standard pe, sub standard pe, high education nahi chal sakti, consistent, zero defect, koi bhi usme, khami nahi ho, fitness for purpose, sabse khaz baad, jis kaam ke liye aam hain hai, wo kaam aamara poora hona chahiye, value for money, jitna paisa hum laga hain, high education me utna aamko return mile, aur transformative, transformative in the sense of learner, yani ki jo learner usme in role hai, jab high education traf kar ke nikle, toh uska transformation po chuka po, but, sorry, conventional education system aisa karpane mein, asamarth rahe hain, isliye bhi distance education ki maran baad rahe hain, isliye bhi distance education ki, aabhishakta hai, aur relevance, saar thakta kitni hain, jo conventional education system hain, uski aksar uske piche, uski aaluch na ki jaati, kis liye, ki wo jo courses offered kar rahe hain, wo existing socially ke issaap se nahin hain, deke bohot naine hain, aur badnya courses hai, jo ke aapko distance education more me mil chahin ge, fir, jo conventional education system hain, usme kya hai, highest pay teachers are reaching fewer and fewer religious students, samar hain kitni, uch jis tariye sansaan hain, ginti ke, usme kitniye shukshak hain, unko bhi amgain sakta hain, toh un tak pahoch kis ki hain, jo ek dam, elitist aur ek dam, brightist student hain toh par rahe hain se, toh hain agar unka, banaya wa self-learning material, distance education me chala sakta hain, toh bohot saare bachche par sakne hain, sorry, hain na, fir, the age-old classroom teaching method is becoming more and more stale and ineffective, toh purana sardiyon se jo classroom teaching learning chala hain, boh ab ineffective hoge hain, aaj ke zamane me, aur jo rigidity hain, course duration ki abhi admission lehna hain, abhi examination lehna hain, chhut gaya toh abka saal bair baad, is tari ke ki apk hain, multiple entry, multiple exit ki baat hain ho rahin hain, but usko, on, matlab, actually honne me samar lagi ka, attendance, aaj nahi aaye, kyu nahi aaye, toh ye, saare bachon ke liye suitable me hain, jo kar sakta hain, higher and better education continue to be enjoyed by a privileged few, ye bai baat ho, boh yopar wali, toh kul mila ke ye duras thi shiksha ka haal hain, ki uski relevance bhi hain, wo aachi quality bhi provahit ka sakta hain, wo saptak access bhi uski ho sakti hain, wo cost-effective bhi hain, aap ka samai energy bhi bachini hain, toh aap distance mode se padhai kar sakte hain, but, aaj kaal students kya karte hain, ki general education course me, matlab conventional system enrol hote hain, aur distance education mode se padhai kar na chaat hain, matlab wo aayenge nahi college, wo assignment nahi submit kareenge, wo examination me bhi absent renge, toh aisa mat kariye aap ko pata ho na chahi, ye aap ke liye distance education mode jada badia, distance education mode se padh liye jaye, aur jo conventional system me hain, wo conventional system ke niyam kaan hoon, usko maane nahi henge. Okay, so it is all about the distance education, aur abhi doh ek, doh bhi view aur hongi, tab distance education ka course kabar hota. Okay, so I have completed this very topic. Thank you and don't forget to like and subscribe my channel, Explore Education. I have done from my side.