 Hello everyone. Welcome to our event Glacier retreat in response to climate change using novel tools to assess impact I'm Yulia Vistavna from either top hydrology section International Atomic Energy Agency to start this event. Please let me to present the first speaker Johannes Kuhlman was chair of UN water So he will open our event and will answer the question Why we should concern about the glacier melting Yeah, thank you, Yulia. Hello everybody. I'm happy to speak here for UN water We are coordinating the activities in the UN system around water and glacier melt is So important to address because it provides so much water for so many services that people are using and at the moment We take that for granted. We take that for granted in Europe downstream of the Hindakoshi Malaya Or of the Andes or Rocky Mountains or wherever we live and we have a colleague from Tajikistan here today Who will certainly say something about the importance of glacier melt for the economies in Central Asia so glacier melt is in many regions of the world today basically and The water that we get from the cryosphere is partially a non-renewable resource Because our climate boundaries are changing so we need to stop thinking that water is for granted and we need to start Accepting that water is a non-renewable resource and some aspect We will have panelists discussing about that. I think and I am happy to have that event today in this pavilion because Knowing how old water is in our natural environment is an integral and super important part of Trying to propose measures that increase the resilience So we need to know how long is water in the ground how long is water in our surface water systems or in the cryosphere to understand what are the Green or gray infrastructure or natural nature-based Systems that we can design now that will be effective maybe in 50 years You can build the dam in a couple of years, but you cannot change a land use System in five years so that it will store water in a different way or protect us from droughts or floods so therefore This whole topic of isotope hydrology, which is of course very prominently Featured here and also hosted an IEA is is one of those Is one of the ways we can use to understand is better and to propose more resilient systems That will also be more In harmony with nature and with the earth system because if we just build more dams We will also just impact more on the climate So it's an interconnected system and the better we understand the system the more sustained where we can be so thank you for hosting this event today and I am really Excited to have this topic also in the conference that we will have in New York next year, so there will be a big UN conference on water and Cryosphere is the frozen part of our water resources, so please make sure that cryosphere people are in New York next year. Thank you, Julia Thank you. Honest for introduction. As I understand you need to go to another event and Let me to continue Please about the country specific issues. I Will present the second speaker now Vice-ed in saida from executive committee of the international fund for saving the RLC from Tajikistan Why CDN? What is your country experience of a glacier retreat? Thank you, Julia Thank you for your question first of all, thank you for invitation to participate in such important events which covers the problem. It's also Very important for our region for our countries As you may know Tajikistan is a rich water country, but we are also climate change affected one because of our high mountains Country one of the main indicators of this impact to the intensive melting of glaciers which are melting rapidly in the last century There were more than 40,000 glaciers in the Tajikistan which cover it consists almost seven Eight percent of the total territory of Tajikistan, but unfortunately the climate change impact this glaciers began to melting and intensively And we are already lost one sort of their volume Also more than 1000 glaciers of Tajikistan have completely melted for the last several decades Maybe you are The world's largest Continiental glaciers fetching co with 77 kilometers is located in Tajikistan study shows that in the last 78 years the fetching of glaciers retreated by more than one kilometer and its surface area has Decreased by 44 kilometer square while it has lost more than 50 kilometer cubic in volume The glaciers time you has begun retreating by the 60 meters per year Unfortunately, this process is actively going on and it is expected that by the end of the this century. We will lost two sort of the glaciers of a glaciers in Tajikistan Thank you very much. I saw glaciers my children saw glaciers But I'm not sure if my grandchildren will saw glaciers because last future projections show what in less than 30 years We will lost most of the glaciers in Africa in Kenya and also in 50 years or less. We will lost all glaciers Can I turn in Peru please? I would like to present the first speaker Daniel Martinez Castro vice director of knowledge management and capacity building and national research Institute of Glacier and mountains in Peru Then what is your country experience of Glacier retreat? okay like Glacier retreat in Peru is a very big problem because as you know most of Tropical glaciers are concentrated in South America practically Say like that. Okay Practically more than 99% of Tropical glaciers are concentrated in South America and most of them are in Peru practically 97% then the economy of Peru is a Highly dependent on on glaciers How it works, okay in Peru we have these glaciers act as Okay ice Conserves the the water in the glass and It has a seasonal behavior in In the winter then the glacier grows and in the summer the glacier Let the water go then the water in all the cities of For example the Pacific Coast and the Andean cities depend on rivers that come from the glaciers then By now Glaciers are retreating in a in a very accelerated way for example in the last 50 years Peru have has lost more of more than 50% of Its last year area The the glacier mass is not known because we have to make more measurements to know the glass volume and mass But we know that According to the area the loss have been very big very very great then What is the consequence the? Many glass originated lagoon have appeared Then water accumulates on this lagoon and these lagoon have been growing very fast This has the consequence that many accidents have occurred because of rocks and piece of ice Coming down from the glacier for example in 1941. That was a big disgrace in In Juarez city part of the city disappeared and in 1970 because of a earthquake rocks failed also from from a glacier and The city disappeared totally Thousands of people died then This is a big problem so Glaciers are important because they Are part of the of the cycle of the hydrological cycle very important part they accumulate Water on the on the lagoon in part of they are of they are Melting cycle when they begin to melt then they accumulate water, but when they disappear this water Disappears also with time on the long run The melting of glaciers will take half as a consequence a very serious drought problem for all the cities that are in In In the coast of Peru and in the and in the Andes Then some we have to develop many adaptation policies for example protection From the 70s in Peru they began to build walls and tunnels to protect the cities from the Degasating water from from this kind of Glacier originated floats called glove and Also, we have to develop methods of Cultivation of water on the ground to try to keep as long as possible the moisture of the of the ground then It has a multilateral Approach we have to follow multilateral approach to to try to to adapt to this To this problem in the long run it will be very difficult to adapt the amount of water will be much less than Because we will have water only from precipitation not from glaciers This water in the glaciers has have accumulated during Thousands of years and it will it will disappear only in decades and It will not recover until many Millennials Thank you very much. Thank you for highlighting us what Glacier melting impact not only hydrological side But also socio-economic system and ecosystems Please let me to turn to next speaker Miss Svetlana Krakowska. She's head of their Applied climatology laboratory in Ukraine in Hydro-Meteorological Institute and work as National Antarctic Scientific Center of the Ministry for Education and Science of Ukraine in Antarctica We have the long stations for isotopes and precipitation with the longest records Please could you answer us what impact is Glacier retreat having on climate system in Antarctica? First of all, thank you that you invited me to speak here on glaciers glaciers actually It's part of cryosphere and cryosphere actually it's one of component of climate system and of course the biggest part of cryosphere is Antarctica and Here I for Antarctica and as well for other glaciers in fact I want to highlight that it's not only water cycle actually But it's about energy balance of climate system as well because if we have retreat of glaciers We will have less reflectivity again of these glaciers especially in such places as Central Asia or in South America or in other let's say continents and as well as in Antarctica and in this case You will have much more open land and much more warming of this land and whole system That's why actually Antarctica and as well as sea ice for example as as other part of cryosphere is really essential With Antarctica I I would say that Yeah, I've been in Antarctica in winter it's there for whole year and it was in 97 98 and it was a year of the very high El Nino So we didn't have at that time even the sea ice around our station Which is an Antarctic peninsula region at the same time. I now see it's it's exactly 25 years ago in fact, so I was this time in Antarctica and Now I see new new photos from this region and sometimes I cannot recognize them because our station situated in in small island actually with the small ice cap and now this ice cap has much Different shape let's say so we don't have these niches and everything so it just destroyed more or less in our this Station we have around a lot of penguin nests So with this actually I want maybe to to invite to show this we prepared a small video Which which is by calls just Antarctica once so just to explain how it's really Have this climate change impact around our station in Antarctic peninsula Actually, it's highlight another important aspect about also pollution in contamination We can consider what it's happening now in Antarctica as I know this year You had the highest level of snow Do we have a chance to grow the glacier what is melting with the snow in Antarctica? well, you know actually I Walk on for IPCC Working group one report actually we have together with Daniel who is In in the in the chapter actually atlas where we put interactive atlas with different scenarios So this scenario is actually predict that we will have much more precipitation but this precipitation in this Antarctic Peninsula region will mostly will be in the in the type of rain Unfortunately, and this is rain. We will have much more warming of glaciers as well and this is cause with another problem which is calls like atmospheric rivers so when actually this big big movement of very very warm and very moist ear goes from subtropical and Comes to Antarctic region and goes over the Antarctic Peninsula This phone effect and then you know about Larsen be ice shell which actually is dissolved So there are many other problems. I mean we will have much more precipitation But I'm not sure that we will have more Glaciers and maybe to answer your question about this longest actually data set. I was yeah I was measuring this this You know, I was taking These samples of for radio the top analysis and I was wondering where they will go Because yeah, we put it in small bottle this water We took for one month all precipitation then took small samples and send them somewhere and yeah go I met Julia here at cop at one of such event and and she explained me Actually where where our samples go and how it's important actually our walk to continue to do it in Antarctica especially in Antarctica to To know how it will go this again atmospheric rivers and all other Phenomenons we have in Antarctica and worldwide Thank you very much because either tops integrate much more information than just temperature and precipitation Because we just look inside of the water molecule to understand what's happening with the whole system In Antarctica and around the globe where we have a lot of a lot of different stations and we cooperate with different countries thank you very much and If in Antarctica socio-economic Issues of melting is not so probably evident in the Tajikistan What impact what are the socio-economic impact of Glacier retreat and how local and regional Economists are impacted by sitting Thank you. Yeah to your question actually Glacier are important component of water storage, which is of Particular importance for various sector including agriculture and electric generation glaciers Retreat has been causing significant material and human damage to people in the economy of the country We have been observing intensification of floods mud flows landslides Droughts for the last several decades which Undermine our efforts to achieve sustainable development significant harm is being done by Gloves glacier lakes outbursts floods, which are The result of the intensive glaciers melting the largest gloves has occurred in Tajikistan in 2015 in Barsen village of the Gornabad action Autonomous oblast as a result of the glacier melting due to the high temperature and Flow of mud coming from the mountains to the district of Gubao Effected by the mud flows six people were killed in the result more than hundred households And 25 houses are destroyed in Barsen Barsen village as a result of the disaster also another thing is that 60% of the water resources Comes from Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan actually Another thing that Tajikistan produced 90% Electricity generated in Tajikistan is by hydropower which very important for economical development as glaciers as Reservoirs in the Highland If we lost this melting due to the negative impact of climate change it will be affected not only in Tajikistan But but in the downstream region also for example if we compare the Water availability for capital in Central Asia in 1960 It was around 8.4 thousand meter cube today is can This indicator it was less than 2,000 it means that it's increased by four times And in the future if we observe such kind of increasing temperature global temperature, I mean indicator will be in the 2040 Around 1000 meter cube per capita Which will be water scare region for whole Central Asia countries mean Even we are located Tajikistan located in the down have upstream countries But we already observe this water security in the summer agents of course This important things also coordinated by our head of the status because during the Consultative meeting of the head of state in the city of Chor Punata in this June the head of state emphasis that Importance of expanding Interaction of and coordination in the field of the climate agenda and decided to approve the road map for the development of regional cooperation for 2022-2024 the concept of interaction between the Central Asian status within the framework of Multilateral formats and the final is the regional green agenda program for the Central Asia In our terms the international fund for the Saving RLC do a lot because we include the questions of climate changing water resource managing in our agenda and in this direction we are working with all States I fast states members Tajikistan Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan as well Thank you. Thank you very much. We are also working with Tajikistan for technical cooperation project and Recently we are establishing national laboratory and facilities to apply either top hydrology in order to understand Where is melted water is going and what consequences it has on the environment and social economic system? Because in Austria for example a lot of countries also a lot of cities also depend on electricity produced by hydropower And the part of it got the power derived from the melted glaciers What is melting so it's the same situation also in countries like Austria and other countries would rely on melted water from glaciers Thank you very much to highlight in this important issue Daniel you already talked about that what glaciers it's not only affecting hydrological cyber social economic systems Please can you tell us a little more what does the social economic impact of this year retreat and how? local economies Impacted okay The impact on The impact on social economies is is is very important and it depends also on the on the stage of glass retreat because when for example, I spoke about the water related issue, but There are other issues also for example We have this this cycle of the glass glacier that initially produces lagoon and afterwards produces drought but the retreat of the glacier has also Is is linked also with the pollution why? because when the glacier retreats then the water The melting water come from higher altitudes and some rocks that were That before were covered with glacier aren't covered now and part of the glaciers a Significant part of the glaciers these rocks have components components that are polluting then this water passes over these rocks and pollutes and the the water of the lagoon become acid and It's no good for agriculture not for drinking then Many lagoon that were formed by glacier retreat Gradually are being polluted and this lagoon are bad for for the health then for example the city of Uaraz that is the capital of Angkash one of the more important departments of Peru because of the white Cordy Cordy era Blanca Is known as the where most glaciers in Peru concentrate has three rivers that Gave gave her water two of the of them are contaminated already with With this acid Component and are useless for for the city only one That's not contaminated this depends on the soil on the kind of rocks that are under the glacier then That's a big problem In this case what happens that there is less water already even even if now we have we are not still in the in the stage of disappear Of total disappearance of the glaciers in that region. We already have conflict of water Then we have conflict between different communities because of water and That's a big problem. Even we for example develop early warning systems To develop this early warning system. We have to build Towers we have to install equipment or that and As they are have been very hit by the drought They blame these instruments for the drought. They say that the you know the for them this Mount high mountains are gods Then they say that we offended the gods Because we start this equipment there and that's the reason of the drought then we have to To work very hard in with these people to explain them and It's very it's very really very hard then before beginning any project that Includes installment of equipment we have to To work with the population. We have to go there. We have to organize workshops just to explain So we have to ask permission to them If not, they will destroy everything it has happened already Then there are Very very deep social problems now This is in the Andean population But this problem will extend to the to the big cities of the of the Pacific shore in the future then This has to be addressed very seriously How how to solve this problem? maybe We have to build dams to to use the water the precipitation water Not to let the not to let it go to the to the ocean it has to be a Multi-year plan for many many time, but it will be very very hard It includes social work and then the technological solutions also Thank you very much Thank you. You highlighted about the pollution problems Related to glacier melting because normally we can see that what glacier melting is mostly water quantity problem But we can see what it's also water quality problem We applied as a top hydrology in different areas also to understand what amount of melted water in rivers because We look inside of water molecule and glacier melt generally have very low It's depleted value compared to precipitation However, we also look in the pollution component with time We look at the danute river the new breather in Europe But also impacted by glacier melt and we found you told what pH it's become more acid So melting glaciers can also impact on acidification of lakes and probably an Ocean also However, we found also additionally we found what glacier melt Impact on biological processes in river because it's bringing very cold water than limiting by biological processes Please I know what in Antarctica. There is no kind of settlements, but Sitlana, please can you tell us what does the socio-economic impact of glacier retreat in Antarctica from your experience? well fortunately, we have this continent not habited yet and Actually if we speak about social we speak about humans, of course well when we speak about humans in Antarctica The most population of Antarctica is scientists and they behave better than most population in the world, of course Nevertheless actually in this region where we are in the Antarctic Peninsula region in some other regions we have tourists and we have actually fishing so it's industry and with this of course this glacier retreat and Decelanization so we have this water is less salt so with this impact on again on on this on biological On on different species there and On the chain of food chain, let's say so krill is a is the most important in Antarctic region, of course But it's just the main component of this food chain in fact so We can put it like this. So this this is connection on the social economic let's say But at the same time I may be I don't know I guess We need to preserve of course Antarctica and the video it's that very clear at the same time We need of course to study it better So we need to understand that our study should be in more how to say To put more more places there as preserved areas and I know that it's it's another another international community like this car scientific console on Antarctic research they do a lot of work on it and Yeah, I mean We still want to preserve Antarctica and to make it continent without borders and One continent for science and they hope that we will not do there any extraction extraction of fossil fuels Which we are talking a lot in this conference in fact and some some other Minerals which people I know that they want to do something with Antarctic Underground, but I guess it will be better to make Antarctic cover Covered with glaciers then we use dust from this mining or some other industries Which will just exacerbate the problem actually for all us in in the whole world Thank you very much. It's interesting to know what melting glaciers in Antarctica impact food security also and and Ecosystem and a lot of services even it's not in habitants So it's an habitat area, but still there is a huge consequences of melting off those glaciers What in the remote area what they observe, but if you back to water security, there is a question Where is the melt water from glaciers going? What is happening with this mode melt water because probably if it's disappearing more and more glaciers We have more and more water, but it's water not the same quality for drinking for example is Impactive even in the worst case by low APH very by contamination We have used isotope hydrology before intensive melting mostly for ice course So it was drilled ice course including courses in Antarctica and we look at the climate of the past We looked how different atmospheric oscillation behave what was the different hydroclimate condition? It was there is a drought here or it was a flooded here But now melted glaciers start to bring us much more information what we can trace So we can trace water contamination We can trace how and where water is going Daniel, what is your experience? Where is the melt water from glaciers is going? Okay in the case of tropical glaciers as I said before it's going to to lagoons and From these lagoons the water goes to the underground then If if if this process of acidification Call acid rock acid drainage Don't don't occur then it feeds the lagoons and the on the ground and In in many cases this go to wetlands also that In Peru there are a lot of wetlands that they accumulate those of water and they are very important for the hydrologic cycle, but now In the in the part of the of the land Related with glaciers that already the process reached the point of Decreasing the the amount of water then these wetlands are drying and you see the wetland but dry then That's a big problem But for example in the in the case That that is the worst case I think of the glaciers of the northern hemisphere of the northern pole in the northern pole according to the IPCC Results is heating very rapidly more More rapidly than this in the south and the Antarctic and then these Glaciers and And frozen water frozen ice on the water is is melting very fast and is a Is feeding the Ocean water then it's changing the salinity that is very Very dangerous for for for fish species species then it's in the salinity and is Increasing the the level of the water very fast But it occurs Much more on the north than on the south because the Antarctic the Antarctic is the Heating of the Antarctic is is is slower But then this melting of water is causing different kinds of problem depending of where of Which glaciers we speak about? Because the water that melts from Peruvian glaciers is is not important if we compare it for the ocean for example for the for the Level of the ocean is not so important as the water from the glaciers in the northern hemisphere. That is much more and It depends but anyway We have for all this problem is it's always dangerous in one way or another Thank you, we can see what glacier melt impact downstream water reservoirs like wetlands also very much by cityness as we know what 2025 was declared as the international year of this year's preservation It was announced by the president of Tajikistan What we can do to preserve glaciers for example in Austria they cover glaciers with a special fleece To prevent melting during the whole period and it was estimated What it's prevent about 30% of the glacier depending on the year However, each year is become more and more expensive and less efficient Svetlana, what we can do to prevent Glacier melting Maybe it's not easy question to reply, but yeah, it's definitely It's definitely not easy question because well actually as As we said from the beginning so glaciers as a part of climate system. It's part of our cryosphere. So I guess The easiest way it's just top climate change. So it's easiest. It's not of course the easiest I understand but it's what in our hands. I mean since this climate change goes by humans in the tropogenic climate change I believe that we can do it If we are speaking about some so it's global view. Let's say if we are speaking about some some local some local I don't know. I I can just say Yeah, you can you can try do To preserve these eyes I don't know with some shadow. I don't know with some covers, but anyway, if you will have vomit Surrounding it will melt. So There is no there is no easy way to to preserve these these glaciers, but but you can just Follow the scenario of a PCC which actually goes to 1.5 or at least well below 2 degree and with these these glaciers will grow again So with this climate it we will we will have more more snow and the snow after all Well, maybe we will not see it. I mean we as maybe even our not our grandchildren But at least at least it will put our earth on on right pathway And with this actually I want to say that of course For one point of view this climate change here, okay We can adapt to for some for some for some changes The problem is is in speed of these changes in fact So in some past and you said about this ice course Yeah, we can see that in some past we had even vomit climate on the earth But the question and the problem that humans were not on this planet So and actually never we we saw so rapid changes on this planet And especially during one life of one person So this is the problem this speed of changes and to preserve glaciers It Maybe we will not preserve some of them of course, but I guess now this is a question mostly to preserve humans on this planet and with this yeah, I would like actually to To send everybody to to IPCC key messages and just follow these messages will help us Thank you for this very important message so we can consider what we can reduce glass here melting only if we Stop all Sustain how power they're growing of the temperature it's can help us and Please vice Dean. What is the position of Tajikistan about preservation of glaciers what we can do? Yes, thank you. I Totally agree with that Lana. Of course, it's not easy question how to preserve glaciers, but You are right, it's depend on every one of us because in the local National regional international level we need an action because for example if compare the Before industry period and now what is the Greenhouse emission in every country. It's dependent humans. That's why we can reduce by our action We need especially political leaders. They have to collaborate with All other leaders around the world and in order to achieve this goal Of course, it's not easy as you mentioned Yulia. Of course, it was initiative of our president to declare 2035 the year of international glacier preservation. We are working on this level We are using the different platforms existing platform also in the it was actually Began in the frame of water and climate collision leader where our president He's a member of this collision and during the first Meeting he announced about these initiatives and I hope the world community will support us and we will Go to the right way and I hope we will get success Thank you very much. You thought what preservation is a big steps towards unifying the world community Even country if they don't have glaciers, but they can be impacted by a glacier melt from the upstream in another countries located Thank you and Daniel What is the Preservation measures in Peru. Did you try some and something efficient? But what is your opinion about preservation of this year melting? Okay, there is a point that we still have not talked about is the The role of black carbon in glaciers Because we really can do something We can't stop of course in Glacier Glacier retreat But if we control black carbon we can lengthen a lot lives of glaciers because for example we have Analyzed the differences in the rate of the glaciation of different glaciers. It depends on On the wind it depends on the on their position if they are covered or not by other glaciers by other mountains for example but they depend the very very strongly on the pollution from black carbon because black carbon is a is a Heating particle it It Decreases the albedo of the of the glacier the glass if the glass it was pure it would It would reflect the a great great greater part of the of the visible radiation But if it's covered by this light and sobering particles this these particles absorb radiation and emit a Higher higher wavelength radiation then they convert Solar radiation heat and it heats the glacier additionally then in every place where Particle of black carbon falls it forms a hole in the in the ice then it Diminishes in a big quantity the albedo of the glacier And so it increases the The rate of the glaciation the glaciation We can control that because this this particles of black carbon are Anthropogenically produced They are produced by forest fires some some of them are natural, but many are produced by by man and Also by cooking using Carbon or wood for cooking by the The transport the transportation using fossil fuels all this produce black carbon that is a lot like a Component of combustion of not total combustion then in the in the case that All transport was not contaminating not polluting the and in the case that these forest fire were better controlled and That there were programs of of electrical cooking or cooking using gas in the communities We could reduce drastically the amount of black carbon and we could lengthen the life of our glaciers Thank you very much. It's a little understanding what on this tent Glacier melt impact We need quite a lot of data because we can manage only what we can measure so we can Turn our to the end to our Discussion this very important take home messages Please can I ask you to provide one message take home regarding what? Priority measures should be done to adapt and mitigate But also to support the decision on water management on the climate change Okay, the measurements of the mitigation measurements are clear we have to not to admit so much co2 and English how greenhouse gases of course does with the The most important also the agriculture we have to limit the the production of cattle That the emits a lot of methane that is very important And this it takes a lot of discipline and It's very complicated because this discipline can be imposed by governments And these governments are related by people that don't want to be disciplined And then that's a big problem, but it has to it needs a conscious in the people of the urgency of the measures again against the global warming and the I think The people in general in all the countries have more more conscious now than before But we have no time The problem if we had the essentially more no problem, but we don't have we don't have it people Once they they feel the problem of climate change in their Normal lives that maybe they will change but it's difficult for the people to renounce to a car or to pay twice for a car in case To to buy an electric car for example is Difficult then it has to be regulated by the governments and the governments have to be regulated by the world in some in some measure know then In this kind of meetings There are the meetings that should produce the solution But the good will of everyone is needed If not, we won't solve the problem. We can help a scientist. We can help as a Electors in the countries to elect the governments that that are More sympathetic with with the fight against climate change but the real solution can come from from the world I think Thank you very much because scientific community produce a lot of data as I know but this is the way what we need to To translate science to policy we need to find the common language We need to act together to mitigate and like sweet Anna taught adapt to Changing of our ecosystem particularly by glacier melting The sweet lana what priority measures should be done to adapt and mitigate but also to support the decision-making well Actually, this priority measures there are there are many measures either. I even cannot say Briefly what is priority, but I guess pre-priority is just to realize and to really take it seriously so first of all and On my on my opinion actually what we can do as scientists as scientists walking For this IPCC as well, so we do this we communicate these signs to policy makers and This education and dissemination of knowledge. This is really essential And and what I actually want to say maybe as concluding that of course we We are on the earth we end the physical world and we cannot change Physical laws so we know that our glaciers will melt if the temperature will go over Zero degrees of Celsius, but what we can do we can change our Lows political laws we can change our behavior and this is in our hands and this what we must do again to To survive Literally on this planet. That's that's what I can say and this is priority to to realize it And then you will act as you said Thank you, so it's not only problem of science. It's problem of community We need to act together We need to get together and to discuss and to do some steps to reduce the climate change impact on glass years and Reduce the temperature grow. Why sit in what is the situation to get on? What priority measures should be done to adapt and mitigate but also to support the decision-making? Yes, thank you, Julia Thank you there for question as I said Glaciers is the main source of the fresh water in the Central Asian region And that's why we call them diamond of the highlands and how we have to preserve them It should be in the for example in our country we started from the national level local and national level why because we have to Take about glaciers In our local and national Levels then these are the regional and international levels. That's why Tajikistan place attention on water resource management and glaciers Conservation under the climate change condition because as we know water and climate it has closed inter linkages That's why we cannot say that we climate it has own problem and the water resources now Especially in the counter region where the main source is the glaciers main source of the water That's why Tajikistan in the different years adopted and developed several Program and strategic documents for example in unit 2010 the state program for the study and Conservation of the glaciers of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2010-2033 was adopted The second one is the national strategy for adaptation to climate change of the Republic of Tajikistan for the period until 2013 As the last one also we have closed actively work with international organization for example in the framework of Green Central Asia initiative we actively support and contribute to develop Regional document it's called regional strategy for adaptation on to climate change in Central Asia Which is started two months ago, and we are actively support and work on this program to make our contribution because of this document is very It's very on time. You said because Tajikistan and all other Central Asian it started from mountain areas and goes to I mean water flows from glacier to the Delta's maybe say to the RLC which has in Basin the five countries including all Central Asian countries and plus Afghanistan That's why we have to Think new initiative and make new action Global community needs increase the focus on defining new initiatives and strategies to reduce the negative impact of climate change to the Water resource management else as well as to glaciers As you mentioned in this regard our president mr. Mali Rahman during his first speech of the meeting water and climate collision leaders in March 2012 2000 2021 proposed declare the 2025 as the international year of the glacier preservation and on this regard we are actively working to prepare to the end of this year To adopt the general assembly Declaration I hope you will Made this initiative just we started and working with our national and international partners and we actively work on this Project and it's almost prepared by our permanent mission in United Nation Thank you very much. Thank you for the take home messages and Thank you for being with us today We can understand what glacier melting impacting not only a system but affecting social economic system It's preservation of glacier is not easy task, but we need to gather together and to work on it to translate science to policy Thank you and thank you for those who've been online with us. Thank you for this event