 Ladies and gentlemen, my dear new champions, hello and welcome. It's my pleasure as the head of the new champions community of the World Economic Forum to welcome you to this plenary and to introduce our moderators for this session, Vikram Chanda and Linda Wei. Welcome. Hello everyone and welcome to this special keynote session as we celebrate and are inspired by this absolutely fantastic community that we have gathered here today, the new champions. Linda, the new champions? Well, Vikram, first of all, welcome everyone. I'm delighted to say the new champions that we are highlighting today are the pioneers, the inventors, the next generation leaders and the fast growing companies that are creating value through innovation. They include the new champions, young global leaders. They've achieved their success young under the age of 40 and have shown a commitment to make a positive impact on society. A second group of new champions are the global shapers. They're exceptional young individuals under the age of 30 located in over 330 cities around the world. And another group are the young scientists, they're outstanding researchers under the age of 40 who are pioneering new fields and leading in the pursuit of global impact and the common good. And rounding off the community, there are three other communities to go. They are the global growth companies, the most dynamic high growth companies. Each of them actually has the potential to become a leader then in the global economy. We have the Schwab Foundation social entrepreneurs, these are both for profit and not for profit organizations and enterprises which are having a positive and a tangible impact on low income or underserved populations. And finally, they're the technology pioneers which are innovative entrepreneurial companies which develop and apply technological innovations to positively transform both business and society. What they have in common is that each community has committed to making a positive impact on society. And we're going to be hearing today about their discoveries and also we're going to try and assess and learn today how the innovations that they're bringing to the fore are helping us to tackle some of the big global challenges of the day. And we also want to hear from you. Those of you in the audience and at home can join the conversation with us on social media using the hashtag new champions or by emailing new champions that's one word at wef.ch. The question that we want you to start thinking about for later is which are the global challenges that you think are most in need of innovative solutions? So post your answers, have a think about it, get online with us and help us shape this discussion. Alright, so essentially that's what we're going to be doing, looking at it from two aspects. The big global challenges that need innovative solutions and some of the work that is being done on innovations in any case to help further human progress. So both of them, we're going to look at both aspects of it and then try and put it together. So let me start off by welcoming the first three special guests we have with us. I'd like to invite on to the stage, Stefan Bansel from Moderna Therapeutics. Stefan, come on up on to the stage. It's great to have you with us. We have Ivana Gadianski, who's assistant professor at the Belgrade Metropolitan University. Ivana, please come along here as well. And we have Yobi Benjamin, who's from Avagan. Please come. So each of them has done absolutely fantastic work and we're going to be... Why don't you come there? I'll grab this. So each of them has done great work and we're going to hear a little bit about the work that they've done and then later just play for you a small video of what the community itself has been able to achieve. They in a sense are the flag bearers of their community. So I'm going to get you, Stefan, to kick off Moderna Therapeutics and some of the really fascinating work that you're doing in modern medicine genetics. Call it what you will. Hello. Can you hear me? Hello. Good morning everybody. So Moderna is a Boston-based biotech company. We are developing a totally new way to deliver protein medicines to patients. And what we are doing is basically having the patient make their own drug. And what we have done is we have developed a set of technologies. Basically we have nine technologies that we've combined together to be able to send information to the patient's cell where the cell make their own protein using messenger RNA. So if you think about the dogma of biology, you know, we have DNA in every one of our cells that makes mRNA, that makes a protein. The entire biotech industry over the last 40 years has done wonderful things for patients. But I think they went at it the very hard way which is making protein. It is really hard to make protein. And when you think about it in factories, they make protein in bacteria or in your cell. Whereas when we inject the messenger RNA to a patient, they make their own. It's man-made medicines. And so we think there are three very disruptive impacts of this technology. One is we can not only do drugs that the biotech industry can do, but we can make drugs after targets that you cannot make drugs against. So the ability to make new drugs for patients. Two is speed. Rather than taking quarters to develop a new drug, we can do a drug in just a matter of weeks. And because of that speed element in discovery, we can reduce the cost of developing drugs because it takes to the normal process of making drugs. It takes years before you start clinical trials. So here we can go in the clinic very quickly. And also the icing on the cake is the technology is much cheaper. Around 90%, 90% cheaper than recombinant. So that will have huge impact as we have no aging population, emerging markets. So the company has grown from nothing three years ago to now 200 people. 42 preclinical drugs are in testing right now. So very high growth. And so the global growth company has been a great community for us to share experiences with companies that are a few years ahead of us, that have scaled up, that have grown. And so we talk about how do you hire people? How do you train people? How do you manage the complexity of the fact that you have those people during the company which is like a big shink of sand going very fast and that you get them on board. So Stefan, this is an example of discovery and innovations that you've been pursuing and your company is pursuing for the sake of innovation for advancing human progress. And yet it is something that has the potential to totally change and to have a major impact on a big global challenge as well, which is the challenge of how do you get healthcare to everyone? How do you get pharmaceuticals to everyone? Yes. And that's why we like this approach very much because cost is a big issue in healthcare. And by developing drug faster, you're going to reduce the cost because that's one of the big components of the final cost that is charged to a patient. So we believe this can have a big impact. Another thing that is very exciting is we have the ability to do drugs that are very transformational, one drug that has been published in Nature that we developed is a drug that you use after somebody has a heart attack and it's a one-dose drug, one-dose. You need to give it between 48 hours for the heart attack but what it does is the drug that we inject basically tells the stem cell on the heart of a patient. Hey guys, go back to work and rebuild the heart tissue because if not, patient end up dying from heart failure because the heart cannot pump any more of the blood. All right, that's absolutely a fascinating story and that's exactly the sort of a story that I think inspires all of us and the sort of story that we're looking to build on and that's exactly why you are a global growth company and this is what the entire community has been doing. Ge Li, Chen Li Yu, 1991. A great company was founded in 1991. Our annual production was only 20,000 units. After 22 years, our annual capacity has amounted to 16 million units. For 20 years in a row, we have been ranking on the list of top 500 by the Fortune magazine and the top 100 Chinese companies. Our spirit is to exceed ourselves, our innovation, lies in our concentration and commitment to our development and technological innovation and our commitments to cultivate an entrepreneurship spirit that belongs exclusively to China precisely because of this entrepreneurship that has enabled the World Economic Forum to become a pioneer and to facilitate industrial development to create job opportunities and to become the pioneer in the world industries. You are gathered out here. It's a great community. You're doing wonderful work. Let's move on now to the young scientists represented here by Ivana Gadiansky. Ivana, talk to us about some of the innovations and some of the things that you're doing. Hi, Vikram. Thank you. I'm a stem cell biologist. I work on tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting on methods how to make it more efficient and what is interesting is that I did my PhD in neuroscience and I'm able to use the techniques that I was using then, now, a little bit adapted, but also on stem cells. So I think this is a very good example of what I would like to also call innovation, using, so going from one field to another. So basically this is what the scientists are doing now. We are reinventing ourselves because it's not enough to be now good only in one field. You have to be a multi-expert and you can see that the lines, the boundaries between fields within STEM, science, technology, engineering, math are blurring and we are having now really one amalgam of all the disciplines and not only these between themselves but also arts and I'm also a poet, so for me that also gives another perspective, science and art and of course science and entrepreneurship are also merging and they go naturally together. Science and entrepreneurship are both disruptive and innovative so they really do go naturally together and I have founded myself a startup and within the group of young scientists there are many who have startups who work in the industry also and this merge of science and entrepreneurship is also innovative and it helps getting the basic research results into the real life implementation applications and I would really like to point out that the group of young scientists, the innovations that we all bring they are very multidisciplinary so it's really like having a renaissance like mindset now to be a scientist because if you want to work on cancer, on vaccines for Ebola which is now being made as we speak and hopefully the cosmic magnetic field or superconductors or wearable electronics which is what this batch of young scientists is working on you really really have to think about the wide angle so the big picture to have in mind so I would really really say that that is an innovation in itself so science reinventing itself so when you got into this field your professors, when you got into this field was it the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake or did you at some point feel at the back of your head that if we can pull this off it can transform the world? Yes, well when I started my PhD in neuroscience I was very curious I wanted to find out how the brain works but then at some point I thought but wait a minute, okay I still do this for my curiosity but I also want to help people then I actually worked on neurodegenerative disease I worked on multiple sclerosis and I was really thinking how this what I'm doing can help people so that is the ultimate goal to help the people Alright, so that's fantastic and that's what many of the young scientists do they start off by pursuing knowledge for its own sake but then somewhere along the way many of them find out what the innovations that they are actually coming up with in the world itself this is some of the work that's being done by the young scientists community The World Economic Forum for Young Scientists attracts around science and innovation a number of young leaders and some elder mentors in today's world where high technology and sophisticated and somewhat complex science are ubiquitous they link maybe hard to see and how the second generation is the first surely impossible to predict leaders who want a better view what breaking technologies can create as opportunities can't miss to have a better understanding of what's happening in today's labs developing fundamental science making this connection as for me a tremendous value that young scientists bring to the communities assembled by the World Economic Forum of new champions Alright, so put your hands together for the young scientists all of them gathered here in this room and let's move on now to the technology pioneers and this is one of the areas where absolutely stunning work is being done you've heard about Google Glass and the like well, Yobi here can beam stuff directly onto your retina, right Yobi? Hi, my name is Yobi Benjamin and I'm co-founder of a company called Avigant we produce the glyph and the glyph is a virtual retinal display device basically we do not have a screen and we project images directly to your retina we started our journey building a product for our US Special Forces that had low light was a low light product and low heat product and it's used for targeting systems but we realized that we had a much bigger vision and the bigger vision was to create a general purpose consumer product that's awareable that's a fashion forward device that you would not be shy to wear in the street and for a price point that everybody can afford I think the important part is of what we do is really probably a generation beyond what we do right now it's our goal to help people who are functionally blind not the totally blind by the way but functionally blind people to someday be able to enjoy the same movies that you do enjoy today and for you to be able to play the games that you enjoy today it's probably a generation away but that's what we aim to do finally I want to thank all the technology pioneers for this class it's very humbling to be here to represent people who print organs make clean water and do really complex analytics I'm very honored finally I'll say I began my life and career I was brought up in the Philippines grew up in the Philippines and educated in the Philippines and immigrated to the United States became an American citizen but today I feel that I've really achieved what I really wanted to be which is to become a citizen of the world and be amongst all of you thank you very much that's a fascinating story can I just ask you out of curiosity beaming directly onto the retina you're sure it's safe right? yes it's absolutely safe we actually don't use a very low power LED which we bounce off 2 million micro mirrors and rebounce that directly to your retina the other thing I found really fascinating about your story is that you started off with one particular goal actually it was a military goal so you started off with that goal but somewhere along the way you found that this is something that can actually help the visually impaired across the board you know that was an accident born about by the United States we had last year what's called sequester which means they couldn't pass a budget and congress and because they couldn't pass a budget they couldn't pay us so we said you know what we got to use this for something else and we ended up building a consumer device and we ended up hoping to be a product that will help people who are functionally blind you know I've heard the sequester blamed for a lot of things but that's entirely a bad idea maybe that's a sort of a positive impact that can sometimes have as a result of that but that's part of what the technology pioneers often do they go off in one direction and then before you know it suddenly the products are taking a life of their own and leading to certain utilities which are not immediately obvious at first glance here's a look at the technology pioneer community Hello technology is increasingly important to business and society the purpose of the technology pioneers program of the world economic form is to allow high impact innovators and disruptors to bring their voices to the forums discussions at the annual meeting in Davos this past January I had the opportunity to meet with the community of technology pioneers I can say they're an incredibly intellectually curious and passionate group who believes technology can solve some of the great challenges we have in health energy governance and poverty just to name a few I'd like to welcome the new cohort of technology pioneers to the community and the forum I look forward to seeing how these companies together with other leaders across cultures and sectors will continue to transform industry agendas with their cutting edge technologies as well as with the technology pioneers and now for the second part of it looking at some of the big global challenges let me hand over to Linda Thanks Vikram remember at the beginning of the session we asked you to have a think about which global challenges you think are most in need of innovative solutions so on social media I have a contribution from Nina Jansen and she says the biggest global challenge that requires innovative solutions are securing water, food, energy all within one planet boundaries but what do you think I want you to take a couple of minutes turn to your neighbor and have a chat and I'll come back and share with us what you guys think are the biggest challenges that's in need of an innovative solution talk amongst yourselves this has missed me I would like to share with all of us what you've come up with with your neighbor I used to be an academic so I'm going to do a terrible thing and I'm going to walk around and if you don't avoid eye contact you're probably in the hot suit and Mark unfortunately I know you so you are now in the hot suit what do you think are the biggest global challenges that require innovation come on to the red carpet it's kind of like winning a prize but I've got nothing to offer you I'll do a shameless plug then because we address climate change by turning greenhouse gas emissions into plastic so clearly we need to have climate change solutions but I think probably the biggest is energy I mean if you look at solar wind you know we're starving for a breakthrough I think today I think that would be the area that would be the most exciting because if you had very low cost power you could make clean water a whole lot easier if you had very low cost power you could address things like peace a whole lot easier so I think if there's one area it's got to be energy thank you very much that's Mark Harima in the hot seat who's next a volunteer you've become my favorite person I need an innovative solution education innovation is what we badly need in the age of the internet traditional pedagogical models no longer work for the new generation for the next generation therefore education is a field whereby we need innovation the most and in the globalized world we do need cultures like Chinese culture to find its relevance in this new global context with a combination of the East and the West and Yin and Yang also a big global challenge bringing together the traditions of the West and the East in need of innovative ways to further that agenda thank you very much indeed for that contribution I'm going to have to sneak one in but you're going to have to be very quick one of the very big challenges in the world today is tuberculosis a fully curable disease that's become a pandemic with nine million new cases in the world and the loss to the world's economy is going to be an unbelievable 3.4 trillion dollars in the next five years if we don't watch out millions of children dead millions orphaned millions without food without jobs if we don't watch out now thank you very much indeed thank you I have a contribution one of the grand challenges is the empowerment of those at the margins of society how do we close the inequality gap and on this question I'd like to pull in Mark Freeman from Encore come join me he is with the social entrepreneur group so Mark on this issue what do you think we should be thinking about in terms of for you the biggest global challenges in aging society what would you most like to have this group focus on well you named it aging societies and demographic change we're having countries all across the globe particularly in the developed world there's an explosion of older people and that's a result of a great triumph in longevity and yet for all the progress we've made mostly it's portrayed as a disaster we hear about a wave of greedy geysers who will be bankrupting and at Encore we believe that hidden in plain sight is an extraordinary opportunity that what's seen as an unsolvable problem is an experience dividend never before have so many people had so much experience in the time to do something with it and in the United States what many people want to do with it we just saw a video from him they want to have a second act that's focused on solving the big problems of the world already 9 million people have moved in that direction and 31 million more want to follow in their footsteps and many of them are spending a decade or longer in this work if you add that up that's 40 million years of human capital that could be used to solve some of the most vexing challenges in the world today thank you very much indeed Mike let's hear a little bit more about social entrepreneurs the big issues that we're talking about here at the web issues like food security poverty alleviation climate change unemployment are simply issues that cannot handled by any individual alone it needs partnerships partnerships with governments partnerships with NGOs partnerships with civil society at large social entrepreneurs the creativity the ingenuity and the ability to work in partnership with many of these parties above to address in a creative way many of these social issues your role models not only for other young entrepreneurs but more importantly also for businesses like ourselves as well we frankly could not address in our business model many of these societal issues if we don't link infirmly with the creativity passion and the strong purpose driven models that you have created you're there for all models for many people beyond what you can imagine yourselves let's do the social entrepreneurs social media I'm getting another contribution that says another challenge and need of an innovative solution is boosting entrepreneurship amongst the poor let me bring in now Matzi Modis she is with the South African Entrepreneurs Forum and part of the Global Shapers new champion you clearly have a fan club Matzi share with us your story thank you I'm Matzi Modis I'm the founding curator of the Sowitahab and I'm a proud Global Shaper I'm loving this crowd Matzi so in terms of some of these challenges we're hearing boosting entrepreneurship poverty, inequality what do you see as a challenge that's a need of an innovative solution on a global scale great so yes in South Africa I run a forum it's a non-profit called the South African Black Entrepreneurs Forum it's about promoting, inspiring and growing entrepreneurship in underserved communities they were not previously disposed to what is it to actually run a business because structurally they're not taught to be entrepreneurs, structurally they're not educated to be doctors and engineers it's not much to work with but now we are a nation we are consolidated we have great leaders like Nelson Mandela and we have the opportunities it's a function of what do we do with those opportunities so the forum essentially goes into communities rural areas and how do we educate people about what it is to run a business how do we grow and expand their mind and expose them to what are the key industries in our country and how do you as an individual go towards the mainstream economy because that's what's required of you as a citizen of South Africa thank you very much indeed let's let's hear a little bit more about the global shapers we are a global community partner of the global shapers community and we chose to become one and our privilege to have been accepted as one because the future belongs to this community and more importantly to the constituency that this community represents as a business we are very driven by social engagement and stakeholder engagement to the communities in which we operate we are very driven by ensuring that the people in the markets that we serve are better served by more empathetic companies I think the most important aspect that will come out of this partnership is the learning exercise we'd like to learn more about what the global shapers are thinking about how they intend to change the world the world is going towards I'm very excited about this partnership and the reason I'm excited is because I think it's the most innovative and exciting thing that the World Economic Forum has done in the last 20 or 30 years by engaging with people that will be the leaders of tomorrow by engaging with people that understand what the world of tomorrow is going to look like we're making a bridge between those that govern today and those that will govern tomorrow join me in giving a round of applause to the global shapers on social media China's urbanization industries thirst for energy and a consumer class boom threatens the world's natural resources is this sustainable let me bring you now another representative of the final community Peggy Lu she's with juice she's one of the young global leaders so clearly I'm going to have to give the other groups a chance by the way to do your cheering again but thank you tell us a little bit about these sustainability challenges for China which must absolutely be huge the world's most populous nation undergoing a radical transformation is it a sustainable transformation are you trying to not let me sleep at night which actually probably keep most of us up at night but I'm sure you've got some suggestions innovative solutions you know we just completed the 10th annual summit on the Great Wall and one of the historians that we invited to speak about the last 5,000 years of Chinese civilization and its impact on the future talked about how economic problems won't be an issue for China political problems won't be an issue for China the greatest challenge we'll face is economic or sorry environmental disasters I run a nonprofit called juice called joint US China collaboration on clean energy and I've been working in this field for 8 years to try and green China we're trying to fundamentally transform the way that we create and use energy and in these few years we've been able to introduce the concept of smart grid into China to revolutionize the power grid we've been able to train 800 mayors and central government bureau heads across China on how to build sustainable cities and so forth China's problems is not that it doesn't want to go green it's completely committed to go green our problem is that we don't have access to solutions that can scale at giga scale, giga pace in Chinese context and so my job in part has been to try and access international experts around the world to come and help us in China and this the world economic forum has been the best platform for me around the world to access people in different sectors across borders who are willing to do this with juice on the ground. One of the lessons that I've learned in my 5 years as a young global leader is that collaborative leadership is a very difficult but necessary skill to learn and sustainability is essentially a nexus issue right and so one of the greatest challenges that keeps me up at night is how do we bring people together for example nutritionalists and sustainable agriculturalists and storytellers to teach kids how to eat in a way that's good for you and good for the planet how can we engage young kids in climate change through their stomachs and this is not something one particular sector of experts can do the last thing that I've learned being a young global leader is to reach out to people and not just talk about thought leadership in jargon we are talking about massive behavior change young global leaders are changing society on the ground and to do this we need to learn how to be human as leaders we need to talk to people's hearts and not just to people's heads so in 2010 we juice has launched a program called China dream and it's about how to grow jargon like low carbon mobility or eco cities but about prosperity about what it's like to have livable communities or safe food and air and water and vibrant living these are all the same purposes or aligning people in the same way so thanks to the young global leaders thanks to David Aikman especially thank you very much let's hear a little bit more about the young global leaders the YGLs are a community of young leaders who are committed to something other than just making more money they're committed to making a substantial difference on the planet during their lives and we work together to make that happen everyone is sort of special and has been told that over and over again so the challenge is actually not to talk about yourself but to be interested in what other people are doing to be interested rather than trying to be interesting and to sit down next to somebody who you haven't met before whose bio looks totally different than yours and just have a conversation and to see what comes for me I took a learning journey with the YGLs to the slums of Daravi, Mumbai and was so inspired by what women were doing in the slums to form saving circles that it changed the work that I was doing and I left my job and started a new company called Yirtle and something crazy like that I started out of a community like this a community where we all believe that we can pitch in and we can help each other and even if the idea is crazy maybe we can make it happen Round of applause please for the young global leaders Right Linda, do you want to come in join us up on stage? Yeah I will and Vikram I think what's really struck me about listening to Matzi, to Mark and to Peggy is that they've really committed themselves to these grand challenges in fact that is their work now looking for innovative solutions and I find that extremely inspiring so hopefully they'll come and join us on the stage as well Yeah, why don't you come up as well Peggy, Matzi and Mark you know I think what we've just heard over the last 20-25 minutes is two different aspects of it we've seen some fantastic work that is being done on innovation, innovation for the sake of advancing human progress and then we've seen these big challenges which need solving and I think what we should now turn our attention to is to just take a look at any possible gaps that might be getting thrown up between the innovations that are being already done and between the challenges that need solving are there any gaps that come to your mind and let's leave this free flowing is there a gap that can come to your mind? Peggy One of the issues that we face in sustainability especially sustainable urbanization is taking innovative solutions and deploying them at giga-scale in China other developed nations have gone through what we're going through but there's less people in the country and everything was smaller scale so how can we commercialize your innovative solutions faster how can we pilot them across 10, 20 cities in a shorter amount of time we're running out of time Any of you? Yeah, I think when you think about healthcare it's a very interesting time that we are living now is that you have a total exponential explosion of knowledge because you have convergence of technologies you have communication so you can read papers you can contact people on the internet so on the one hand you have this exponential knowledge going on and on the other hand I worry about two things I worry about doctors because most doctors they don't do much and do papers but most doctors they get paid by how many patients they see and a lot of them don't do a lot of continuous education and so how do we make sure the clinicians the doctors are aware about diseases because if you think about it a lot of doctors we are trained thinking about symptoms not about diseases because we did not understand the mechanistic root cause of diseases for a long time some diseases we understand nothing some diseases we understand to be pretty good at and the other one is the patients because a lot of patients understand more about their iPhone or their apps they understand about how their body works and as we have all this transformation of medicine I think that we need as a society this forum needs to really do something about how do we educate with all the technology available now and how do we educate the patients and the clinicians Linda? My thought on the question that was posed about scale is I think the answer is really in biology and in nature itself it's very hard to scale technology you can make purifiers you can build solar systems you can do all of this but they are very difficult to scale at the size of China biology has a few secrets for us and I think if there is any gap that requires a lot more a lot more research is how biology itself and nature itself how can it be a self-correcting system I don't know the answer but I think where I would be trying to look for solutions that will really scale Ivana you wanted to say something I see one of the biggest challenges is to make these disruptive innovations available to as many people as possible so yes to scale to make it commercial but to also make it affordable like for example stem cell banking it exists now and there are some ethical issues of course about it like in some countries it's not allowed to have private stem cell banking for example it has to be public so I think all these ethical issues, legal issues and making it available for many people these are big challenges Nancy why don't you come in on this just to add on to what Manu said I think most new innovations tend to be very expensive for us to try bridge the digital divide you look at entrepreneurs most of the entrepreneurs I engage with do not have a digital presence they don't have websites nobody would know that there's somebody that's running a very special bed and breakfast in Soweto all the way in Tianjin they don't have email addresses so it's very expensive and also bearing in mind that 70% of people do not have electricity how do you actually have a digital presence that is quite key that bearing in mind that you do have innovations but then how do you integrate them into these communities you're trying to change Mark what do you come in what is a gap that there just is not enough innovation there to try and address well I think it's a gap that could even expand further if all of you brilliant scientists and technologists are successful which is the gap between the length of lives and the shape of longer lives already half the kids born in the developed world since 2000 are projected to live to 100 and we've been much better at figuring out how to extend lives than to what to do with all these years that have been added in many ways to the middle not to the end can I just take off from what Maxi said and just ask both of you perhaps that at the end of the day though are there a different scale and a different set of challenges that are there in advanced economies or developed economies and in the rest of the world is there enough of work being done on both sides of it there's lots of innovation for example in Silicon Valley and places like that which are aimed at some of the problems of the US advanced economies is there enough of an incentive for people to go out and innovate and find solutions to some of the issues that Maxi for example was referring to I think there's enough I think there's enough innovation in Silicon Valley in fact and there's also incentive in Silicon Valley I think there's a lot of companies that have built their systems by building free systems free software for example used to have to buy operating systems you don't need to do that today if you really didn't want to they're freely available that's just one example of where Silicon Valley can innovate without necessarily having the incentive of capitalism driving it with regards to clean energy and clean water and conservation we have hundreds of companies within probably one square mile in Silicon Valley that are all tackling these problems I think it's there but finding its way to China finding itself finding the way to you hopefully we can do it through here right here at the World Economic Forum and I know there are companies here that do it today now I think the interesting thing about sustainability is that much of it is infrastructure related so it doesn't scale as easily as mobile apps technology for example and I think the comparison is not necessarily emerging countries and developed nations but the governance structure so I talk a lot about around the world about how China actually has many advantages in going green because it has a centralized decision making power to make decisions like building the high speed rail in 2007 it started building its first high speed rail in 2012 it became the largest world's largest and fastest network so it can do that it can also it has a central targets that are set but then it pilots at a city level not a building level but a city level so it can actually commercialize technologies which of course with economies of scale makes them affordable for people around the world so my message is always come bring your innovative solutions to us and us spinning China and work together with us to create economies of scale then work with us to bring them the solutions out to the rest of the world we have another contribution from social media from Noah Gaffney she says how can we pilot innovative solutions faster and she put on juice so Peggy you're going to have to answer first well again for sustainability I work in sustainability so I'm going to focus on that a lot of these problems they're at a city level again you can't work at a building level so luckily China is building cities at a time 220 cities of a million people or more so as it builds out these new communities these new cities we're reaching out to people in Germany in the US in Australia to bring those technical solutions and literally throwing the dice it's like throwing arrows at a bullseye all we need is one of those cities to hit the bullseye for us then to roll that solution out across the nation so China is a really unique place and it really is the only place that matters when it comes to climate change in the next 10 years if China doesn't get it right the world won't get it right it's the only battlefield that matters today in the short term let me throw that same point to you China may have a centralized way of being able to take those decisions and roll them out how do other countries take innovative solutions that might be there to actually implement them so that the masses can benefit I've had the privilege of meeting diverse individuals from diverse fields that can actually contribute to a lot that I'm doing in South Africa with entrepreneurs in underserved communities a lot of the emerging markets, people from India that do fall within the bricks economic block have a lot of innovative solutions of how do we educate the young people that's where it has to start as much as we can speak about the technologies that exist now and the current levels of unemployment that we are faced with I think progressive solutions which is how we can integrate these innovations is how now do we take it from when they're young so there are a lot of innovations that I've been engaging especially from people from the Dominican Republic India they have great solutions about how do we educate young people about entrepreneurship and one of the ways to be innovative is perhaps to draw linkages something that many of you have already touched on so how come the different communities represented here you've got scientists you've got social entrepreneurs you know where can you make the linkages in order to come up with some of these solutions because Yobi set out a challenge she thinks that the forum you guys actually have to come up with answers so Yobi what kind of connections would you like to see here I'd like to make this a more permanent I mean top link by the way thank you to the top link team it's a really good community but I think this community has to live beyond three days and it has to live beyond you know next January and it's really up to all of us to engage I already have some ideas for you you know Stefan you want to add something to that as well Ivana I was just going to say I really want to thank the young global leader staff for continuing to evolve the way that we learn to collaborate and they really help us bond and use all sorts of posted notes and drawing mechanisms and ways to communicate that are completely unique in any of the forums that I've participated around the world and I think the young global leaders programs that I run are directly benefited by the young global leaders and this isn't a commercial but if there's a way that everybody in this room could experience a young global leader annual summit I think that would be transformative I think there are a few things I mean definitely the forum and the different groups that are set by the forum are extremely powerful to have people coming with different capabilities to work on the same problems I think also the personal relationships because once we know each other once we spend time together they have to just pick up the phone send an email here what you think and working on a very practical problem is also a very important dimension of solving those problems Matze final word to you I'm just a microcosm of what exists I belong to the global shapers and most of them are in the social development space so they run a lot of non-profits and one thing that I was having a conversation earlier on with Mark is that you need to deem yourself as a socio-economic imperative of your country or of your economy and we have to see ourselves as social enterprises so when we present ourselves when we present what it is that we're doing people have to see beyond charity but beyond being a contribution towards our respective economies Ivana let me get a final comment from you alright it's a final final and then it will be a final final final yeah that's right and then a final okay the first final so I would just like to say that I would love to connect more with the members of other groups I mean I'm really impressed what the shapers are doing the global leaders, the social entrepreneurs definitely what you are doing and I just didn't see so far so much of the interaction between the groups unfortunately but I didn't so I would really like to urge everyone to really interact so for example with me just like let's meet and let's talk and let's work together alright so that may be something that we should all think about doing immediately after the session everyone stay and meet and chat with each other I think the groups cannot sit with each other any longer I think for the rest of the forum you're gonna have to sit with a new person at every session Mark, your final final thoughts that's a great weight and I would just say simply that innovation in medicine, innovation in technology innovation in commerce has to be met with social innovation that leads to sustainable societies alright I think we are almost done out here, could I please request Professor Sharpe to come and join us and perhaps just say a few words just come down here such a great group just want to leave you with one message we are all the new champions but for me new champions does not mean just a community or means an individual it means a new spirit our world needs a new spirit a much more collaborative spirit a much more society oriented spirit and I think if we come out of this meeting what we should bring into the world is this new spirit