 Test one, two, three. Test one, two, three. Test, test one, two, three. It looks like it's working. Cool. Hi, my name is Chichou and I'd like to welcome you to series four of the Language of Mathematics. Now, what we're going to do right now is do a little introduction to this series because there's a fair bit of stuff that we're going to cover in this series. And this series is extremely important because what we're going to do with this series is take the previous four series that we've done. Series one, series two, series three A and three B. And what we're going to do is take a look at how we can convert that, how we can use that information in the real world. So we're going to acquire the tools that we need to be able to use math in real life. And there's three things we're going to talk about. One of them is units and ratios. That's going to be a section on its own. One of them is going to be talking about graphs and functions. And another one is going to be a little bit more on zero and infinity. So let me lay this out and we'll talk a little bit about what each one is going to contain. Hopefully that comes out. You can read this. It's a little bit far away, but that's okay. This says units and ratios. The other one is graphs and functions, f of x, and zero and infinity. And this is what we're going to try to cover in series four. The most important part, well they're all important, but the largest thing we're going to focus on, and we're going to beat this thing to a pulp, is units and ratios. The reason for this is because units and ratios is basically the foundation of everything that our system is set up on. Everything that our civilization is set up on. Everything that society is set up on. Units is basically just talking about what we are talking about. May it be economics, may it be politics, may it be buying food, may it be measuring things, may it be for equality, sustainability. It's basically the foundation of where we started to use mathematics in the real world, where we began to apply mathematics in the real world, which is giving a quantity to a specific unit, to a specific something. And ratios is basically us comparing two things. Two hours of work for this much money, two apples for this much money or this many other fruit, barter system, this amount of time for this much distance, this stock for this price, this work for this job, whatever you want to think about it, this is basically the foundation of us, the beginning of us being able to use mathematics in the real world in our present system. Units and ratios. I don't know if we call it the most important section that we're tackling or we have tackled, but it is the most useful section that you're going to deal with or we're going to deal with because you're going to use this directly in your life. And even if you know you've been using it or not, you have been using it. Every time you go to a store to buy something, maybe a piece of gum, maybe film, maybe buying a ticket to go see a movie, you're using this. You're giving a certain amount of money, a unit of something for receiving something, a unit of something else. The other section that we're going to talk about is graphs and functions. And graphs and functions is, we got our hands really dirty with talking about functions and how to break down functions and dealing with polynomials and what polynomials are. But we really haven't talked about what functions are. And we looked at some graphs in series 3a and 3b, but we really didn't talk about how to look at graphs and what graphs mean and what types of graphs there are. So what we're going to do is take a serious step back and talk about graphs and functions, define functions and talk about how we go about reading graphs, different types of graphs. And this is super important because we're visual beings. So when we talk about units, when we talk about data, when we talk about numbers, it's easier for us to process that information when it's put in graph form. And the majority of the graphs that we deal with that our society is based on, that we do models for are functions. For every input, there is a specific output. And we're going to talk about this. We're going to step back and take a look at how we read graphs and what functions are and what type of functions we may have coming our way when dealing with things. The other section we're going to talk about is 0 and infinity. And 0 and infinity, I did one video in series 1, I think it was in the first five videos we did, just talking about what it means in the most simplistic form of dividing something by 0 and dividing something by an extremely large number in infinity. So we're going to expand on this. And this section, it's going to take us a long time to deal with this. And we started series 1, had one video on this, which is basically the most simplistic form of a limit. And there's one video you can watch with this and take it with a grain of salt. But we're going to expand on this concept, 0 and infinity. And this section here is going to stay with us all the way to the end of what my plans are for the language of mathematics and math in real life, which is doing an introductory course in calculus. And when we get to calculus, we'll explore this to where I understand it. And it's going to continuously come up in every other section that we do, in every other series that we do. So 0 and infinity, we're going to talk about a little bit. Philosophical, then mathematical. One thing to keep in mind is there's going to be pure requisites for this. For this section, I'm going to tell you, let you know when we do the full introduction for this section, of what videos you need to watch or you need to have a good grasp of before looking at this. Same with this. I'm going to let you know what you need to know before this. And 0 and infinity, well, you really don't need to know much. There's only one video you can take a look at. But there's the real number set video that we did at the beginning, which is a foundation, the basis of the way we laid out mathematics for us, what the numbers are. And it's a pretty good idea for you to get to know that as well. But we'll talk a lot more about these later. So that's what we're going to cover for series four. I hope you like. I'm personally excited to deal with this. This is a fair bit of stuff I've laid out. And we'll try to put it together and present it in the proper order. So it all makes sense. And keep in mind that all of these things are connected. These 0 and infinity is basically showing us where our pitfalls are for our functions, our functions that we've graphed that we're trying to model, understand, or visually present the data that we've collected, the units that we're talking about when comparing two things, how function moves, how one thing relates to another. So all these three things are related. We're just going to tackle them separately. And when we've gotten to a nice place, we're going to connect them all up and see how they relate to each other. And again, this is probably going to take longer than one torrent to do. So series four is most likely going to be broken up, just like series three was. So there's going to be most likely series four A, series four B, and possibly series four C, depending on how well we can put everything together and mesh everything together and how long we have with the weather and how much work we can get done in the amount of time that we have. And that's about it, I guess. Glad to be back. Hope you're having a good time. Hope you're enjoying your summer of 2011. And getting excited to delve into this and play around with it and see what we've come up with. That's it for now. I guess I'll see you guys in the next videos. Bye. Now, before we get started, just a couple of notes. In the last few years, people have said that the sound quality for the video sometimes is not very good because there's been a lot of wind and a lot of traffic, a lot of noise. And the video quality, well, I'm functioning with a little camera that I bought like five years ago. So I've upgraded my system. And I'm going to show you what I got. Well, I'm going to show you one part of what I got, which is the voice thing. Now, because people have been saying the sound hasn't been coming up well, I looked into it and I talked about it with a friend of mine that we did a remainder theorem video. One of the last videos, we did four series three B. And I came out really well and I learned a lot doing that with someone else that knows their stuff, knows their camera work and how to deal with sound and how to edit. So I went out and I bought the lowest, the best system I could afford, which is one of the lowest systems I could get. So I ended up going and getting a little digital recorder and some kind of mic system, semi-professional I guess, I don't know. Anyway, this way I can hook this up and hopefully the sound, when I go into the editing, I can overlay the things together and even when I'm far away, you should be able to hear me. So I'm going to set this up right now and we'll see what it sounds like. There's a lot of things to take care of. You've got to turn this on, turn that on, do this, do this, put the things in the right folders and whatnot. But hopefully it'll all work out. So turn this on, do a little, actually, let's hook this up. So the deal is bring this guy up and here's a little mic. It's got a little hook, so I'm going to set this up here. I did a little test run a few days ago and I think it should all work out fine. I hope so anyway. Now I'm going to be moving around a lot so hopefully there isn't too much scratchy sound coming up. And that thing's on and what we're going to do is press record and hopefully when I go into the editing, the voice, this voice that you're hearing, and by the way, this is an upgraded camera as well but I'll talk about that as soon as we get the voice set. So press record and this thing seems like it's recording and hello, hello, see the bar going across. So this thing's pretty much set up, I'm just going to put it on hold so everything's turned on, this thing goes in my pocket. So we're all set up with the sound quality and I hope in the editing right now the sound is coming out a lot sharper and a lot better. And so we've gotten sound taken care of. As far as the video quality goes, when I started this project about five years ago, 2007 I guess, or four years ago, I could only afford a certain level of camera which is basically lowest end camera that they offered which was almost all the videos from the previous four years that we've done for the language of mathematics have been shot with this other camera that I'm going to show you. And the reason I'm doing this is I want to give credit where credit is due and a lot of people have been asking me what camera it is that I've been making the videos with, not just about math videos but other things as well. And again, it was when I bought this camera, when I bought this camera, at the time it cost me $360 and that was in 2007, there was a lot of money for me and it still allows a lot of money for me but it served us well and I really want to give credit where credit is due because I'm going to be keeping this thing for a while. Now, this camera, it's a Canon ZR 800 and it records little mini-DVs, tapes that I've been recording on. So I got a lot of these things from the last four years holding a lot of mathematics. Most of the stuff, well, the majority of the stuff I used, there was some stuff I didn't use because it just sounded and it came out well or the video quality wasn't that good. So just credit where credit is due and hopefully in the next, you know, whatever time we're going to end up using this other camera with and if it serves us well, you know, I'll do another one, come out in front of a, you know, better grade system and show you what the camera is that we're shooting in right now. So that's where we are and we got a nice sound now. So let's start the mathematics and talk about what we're going to do in this series.