 السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته. بكم في إحقام SOS. The show that discusses Islamic duties and practices by the grand ayatollah and says Sadik Shirazi. May Allah prolong his life. I'm your host, Mosse, and joining me on my host is Sheikh Ali Mahaaash. السلام عليكم. السلام عليكم ورحمة الله. إن شاء الله will be discussing Taqleed and Ejdehaad in Sha Allah. شخنا, what for those people who don't understand? What is Ejdehaad? What is Taqleed? سم الله الرحمن الرحيم مصر الله على محمد وعاله الطيبين الطاهرين والله مصر الله على محمد وعاله الطيبين الطاهرين تقليد وعاله بالتقليد now when as I've mentioned the previous episode that somebody who lacks knowledge or he's ignorant in a specific field he needs to go back to the expert so تقليد basically means to follow to imitate to follow those who know those who have knowledge those who are experts in a specific field in their subject and for the religious rulings because there are extensive and sophisticated rules and missiles in religion that requires those who have spent years in studying in the seminary of Hausa and deducting and extracting the Achaam from its main sources i.e. the Qur'an and the Hadith and the consists of the علماء and the Aqa those four sources that be able to offer those who don't know the Achaam and the rulings and of course for مقلد the one who has the duty of following those experts those scholars is to go back to them, ask them and that's actually an obligatory act that is wajib because at the end of the day we as humans we need experts in all aspects of life and specifically in faith in religion we need to go back to those who know very well the inside out of religion be it in the Holy Qur'an or in regard to the holy narrations by the Holy Prophet and his family peace be upon them all and to do with other issues the ethics, even politics, society, education and so forth we need to go back to those who know and when he created mankind he did not leave that mankind to hang around in this world and to just roam around this world without purpose, without a reason so he sent the prophets he sent the holy books the sayings of the prophets the Ahadith and so forth and thus the duty of the علماء they come forward they study well in depth to reach the stage of اشتهاد and to reach the stage in which they can extract deeply and deduct the احكام and the rulings from its sources and then offer it to those who follow them so that's تقليد and that's اشتهاد in brief and of course with regard to the علماء and scholars I mentioned initially two narrations the first one by Imam Al-Hussain peace be upon him where he said verily the paths to Muslims and the religious laws are in the hands of the godly scholars the godly scholars who are the trustees of Allah in his lawful and unlawful things so the Imam SAW a foundation that the pious and the just علم and the scholar in the school of أهلبيت is the one that we have to follow they actually guide us to the right path they actually show us the lawful act from the unlawful act the right act from the wrong act they actually interpret and represent the narrations of أهلبيت because in the time of disappearance of Imam Al-Mahdi عجل الله رجوه الشريف we have to refer back to scholars who are experts in this field the field of شريع and religion because we don't have any other access to the Imam SAW the Imam has the duty now to be away in occultation and disappearance from the public there is wisdom behind this aspect as the Imam and the Hadith explains that as the sun goes behind the clouds but you still get the benefit of the sun the sunlight, the heat and so forth so the Imam SAW is away in occultation for some purposes that Allah knows so the scholars are there to offer guidance to offer the answers to many questions many difficult and complex questions that not everyone can be able to go and find the Hadith and then bring the answer out so it's their expertise who would go forward study well and bring to us the answers to these questions the second Hadith I would mention as well from Imam أمير المؤمن عليه السلام he says the reward of a religious scholar is greater than the reward of a person who is fasting on days imagine there's a worshiper who fasts days and establishes prayers during the night so fast in the daytime and prays and he does the Ibadah and worship in nighttime and fights in the holy war imagine three main acts of a mu'min to fast, to pray and worship in the middle of the night and to go to the holy war imagine the enemy is attacking you know you have to defend yourself your family, your community, your country your religion so the Imam سلام عليه السلام the scholars are greater and better than these individuals and fights in the holy war for the sake of Allah and when a religious scholar dies there will appear a gap in Islam which cannot be compensated except by your placement of the kind scholar so imagine even when a scholar dies there's a huge gap will remain open until we have another scholar who would actually come in the place of that scholar and continue the journey of conveying the message of Allah and his messenger to the general public and to the rest of humanity till Allah سمع تعالى reappears the Imam as-zaman عجل الله فارج شريف and we'll be with him Insha'Allah Insha'Allah so Shaykhana you were discussing about each day hard and you know the different skills and you know the different lessons and techniques required now you're a man of Hausa can you discuss a little bit about what sort of knowledge what sort of subjects maybe how long would it take to get to a stage of each day hard so for example do you need to be an expert in Quran or do you need to know a lot about history do you need to know a lot about what subjects would you learn and roughly how long is the duration until you get to a level of each day hard basically each day hard requires a lot of study as I've mentioned to be able to reach that stage where you can actually deduct and extract the Haqam from its sources from the Hadith that of course initially requires the دعاءة from Allah سمع تعالى seeking Allah's support and the Prophet and his family's support as well and that also requires that the person who goes in Hausa to study different subjects so it's not only just فق and أصول he needs to study for example Arabic language syntax Arabic منطق for example logic and the Quran itself the تفسير of the Quran to understand the meanings of the verses and its interpretations by هلبيت عليم السلام for example what they've said about a specific ayah also the Hadith to know علم الحديث the knowledge of the Hadith so when the scholar is faced with numerous Hadith about specific topic he would be able to differentiate between the strong Hadith and the weak Hadith and so forth also علم الرجال the the science of the chain of narrators that's very important as well to know who is a trustee narrator who is not and that actually gives us the results of the authentication of that specific Hadith in which the scholar and the فق who would base his فتوا according to that narration for example so it's very important that the فق who would study many many different subjects that to be able to reach this stage and be able to issue فتوا a religious ruling in which people are reliant on this فتوا and on the scholar be it to do with blood be it to do with marriage نكاح be it with money and treasure and so forth very important aspects of life so for the فق and the scholar needs to really work hard I don't want to say how many years it depends on the capability of that person who studies حوزة and فقها نصول some may reach in 10 years some less some more it depends on the ability of that person who actually is studying these subjects Is there a difference between اجتهاد and مرجعية or is it the same thing meaning someone who has reached the level of اجتهاد as in he's done all the lessons and he studied very well and now he's qualified he's a مجتهد can you do the clean of that person or is مرجعية a step higher and further up from اجتهاد basically اجتهاد is the way and the pathway towards the مرجعية اجتهاد is where you gain that level of being able to extract the احكام from its sources that ملك as they say the ability of issuing the your opinions according to the Holy Qur'an's verses and according to the نرجوص فحل بيت and the Holy Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم but however some would remain to be مجتهد but not to actually issue their رسالة عمالية the book of duties and rules Islamic rules and they would remain teaching what is called بحت الخارج and some would go further and announce their مرجعية and they publish رسالة عمالية the Islamic rules and duties and become مرجع so مرجعية basically it's to do with managing people's affairs with regard to religion what is allowed what is not allowed what is obligation and what is forbidden so it's it's more wider prospect it's to do with leadership some people would just avoid leading people for example and continue studying and teaching and nurturing students but مرجعية is more to do with leadership of the Ummah of Muslims who follow أهلبيت السلام عليهم okay I sent them now we have discussed this before but just a quick reminder for those people who think مرجعية and تقليد is not واجب what are the proofs to say that تقليد is واجب yes basically تقليد is واجب of the Gay Tree due to the fact that according to the evidence I brought last episode for example the rational evidence that you have to go back to the experts you have to refer back to those who know and ask them for your queries and likewise the textural evidence as I mentioned also last episode that you also have to go back to those who know the knowledge of religion as the Holy Qur'an has stated ask those who know we go back to those who have taught us and instructed us to ask those who are proficient in the علم الدين the knowledge of religion and because we haven't got that time and capability of becoming مشتهد and مرجع or jurisprudence then we have no choice except to do the تقليد which means to follow to imitate that scholar who spent his years and years of his time in studying and educating and nurturing students so تقليد is the best option for those who don't want to be in the position of finding difficulties in studying and understanding the science of Qur'an or the science of Hadith or the science of the narrators and narrations and so forth so it's the best option is to do تقليد and that just makes it easier but however that's the first option تقليد is the first option the other two option which is mentioned is احتياط احتياط is one of those capabilities also for those who are not be able to do it I mean احتياط but you have to be able to study and read the opinions of the past Maraja and the present Maraja and to be able to follow the the rule in which is more towards the احتياط side the precaution side and that is really difficult if you want to go back to every rule and try to find the opinions of various Maraja that's going to be really difficult what if there's two or three Maraja say this answer and two or three Maraja say that answer then what happens there again this is what الحمد لله we have in the school of Ahlbaita عليوم السلام that احتياط means be able to study and extract and deduct from the source of the Islam and be able to give your own opinions your own interpretation and understanding of religion so that's a normal fact that we have the اشتهاد that different opinions of Adama why not but the the individual he's decided to do احتياط now he's got loads of the Amaliyas and let's just say each one gives a different answer which one he's going to follow he follows the one which has more احتياط and precaution act for example I'll bring the extra strong extras keep away extra precaution the most precaution query he would follow it so if let's say the مرجع says one of the مرجع says it's wajib to say three times سبحان الله الحمد لله in the third on the fourth ركع of the daily prayer and the one says you have to say once then he has he has to follow the one who says three times for the احتياط he can't follow the one who says you can say once so it's really difficult as they say in the books it's really او حديم which means only the lonely people who can actually do it it's really difficult but as I've said the best option is تقليد to follow to find the مرجع and with I'm going to mention شاء الله later on the conditions of a مرجع of a scholar and basically احتياط and to be مرجع so with احتياط I mean for the one needs to put a lot of efforts to be able to understand this science of قرآن and حديث and that actually requires a lot of work which means you have to leave everything you have I mean work pleasures interests in the علامة spent 40-50 years in a little room studying reading and so forth it's it's a really difficult job it requires a lot of emphasis a lot of pray and ask Allah to give that person support to be able to reach that stage and then don't forget the managing of the people's effort that's another issue to become a مرجع means you're like a leader a Muslim leader who millions follow you so I think it requires a lot of initially توكل and relying on Allah سبحانه وتعالى and support from Allah and his messenger and the prophet's progeny as well as efforts in studying and understanding was important to understand the narrations and to understand the Holy Qur'an very well the one who understands very well and be able to extract and deduct the أحكام then of course he is capable of leading the people and being able to issue fatwa as well so شيخنا there's a nice white book you've got there which is رصالة عملية what can one person assume and expect to find in such a book basically in every scholar's book of rules and duties and practices of the Islam there are two main things in each book number one is عبادات which means the worship so starting from the the rules of praying of salah the rules of fasting of Hajj and then we have the second part of the book which talks about the معاملات the transactions the contracts such as of financial transactions contracts marriage divorce all these issues are in this رصالة عملية book by every scholar and of course each scholar gives his own opinions in some of them the majority of the مسائل they are similar to each other so the differences are in some of the some of the rules not in all of them so there are some kind of commonality between the مسائل of ألماء it's just some of them in which they each give his own opinion for example if what is najis what is not najis for example some have some opinions about specific نجاصات and so forth and of course such books are available for the مسائل actually they can buy it from the bookstores in their own countries and in their own language and they can also download it from the related website of their scholar internet in pdf for example and they can try to read it every day you know one or two مسائل a day it's important for the individual to face many issues in the daily life so if I don't know what is forbidden and what is obligatory I'm going to end at the end of the day committing a sin without knowing without knowledge but it's my fault because I didn't read and ask so the whole idea of these books is to the followers to go back to read them well and be able to practice these أحكام accordingly and the purpose and the aim is to please Allah سبحانه وتعالى أحسنتو أحسنت شيخ thank you very much for joining us on this episode of أحكام SOS I hope it's very beneficial for you and if you have any queries or any questions in regards to أحكام please send them to the contact details provided I will see you in the next episode السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته