 Tick-borne encephalitis and West Nile fever are endemic flavorous diseases in Europe that may increase in risk due to climate change, virus evolution, and social factors. Control of their spread is difficult as they cycle between arthropod vectors and animal reservoir hosts. A sustainable vector surveillance system, active animal health surveillance, and adequate human surveillance are necessary for early detection. Vaccination is the most important approach to prevent flavorous infections, with effective inactivated whole-virus vaccines available for TBE infection and several WNV vaccine candidates in development. Universal WNV vaccination may not be cost-effective, but vaccination of high-risk groups can protect against WNV infections. This article was authored by Patricia Kite and Willem Luches.