 Hola amigos, my name is Usheenani and I am thrilled to be your host here on stage 2 at Big Things Conference 2021. We have assembled a power trio of speakers for you this morning of sessions that are going to supercharge your life and your career in this exponential world, using AI, using big data and even using space travel. So this conference is called Tech Awakening, yes and we have been through the pandemic, we've been through the lockdown. And now we are all waking up to build a better future by using technology. But before we meet our legendary speakers today, I want to share with you how to have a little fun while you're watching our speakers and maybe win some awesome prizes as well. Now all of you will be able to participate in our digital treasure hunt at Big Things Conference 2021. You already have received 25 big points just by logging in so you're ahead of the game already. So what you do is just select the gamification options on the home page or on the menu. I'll stay on the screen in a little video window and you can find out how to participate in our fantastic gamification to win those beautiful prizes. So you can see all the different options on the gamification page about how you can win prizes, even a brand new iPhone 13, books, vouchers, lots of cool stuff. You've already got those 25 big points just by logging in. You can get another 25 big points by networking and you know some of these connections attending Big Things Conference 21 could change your life and change your career. So don't be shy, get involved and you're going to win points as well. You can get 50 big points by applying for some of the amazing job offers that are available via our website. And you can get a smashing 100 big points by completing our quiz and there's loads more as you will see on our gamification page. For example, you can go for gold by visiting our sponsors in the special area on our website. You can get up to 240 points by attending our talks and you can get an extra 50 big points by completing our enigma sentence. Now what is the enigma sentence? Well, I'm glad you asked. There is a clue waiting for you during all of our four keynote presentations from Africa, Richard, Oscar and Jason. So just tune in to the keynote presentations and a secret message will appear to help you crack the code of our enigma sentence. So good luck and if you do win that beautiful brand new iPhone 13, be sure to take a nice selfie and share it using the event hashtag which is BigTH21. And just feel free to share the love at any time. If any of our speakers say something that resonates with you, if you think it's valuable, please share it on any social media channel using the hashtag BigTH21. And of course, you're very welcome to share screen grabs and videos of all of our speakers and MCs, but extra filters for me, por favor. And I hope to see you there. I'll be involved as well. OK, so let's crack on with our amazing schedule for this morning. Our first rock star speaker is Emeline Pat Dahlstrom, who is the CEO and co-founder at Space Base Limited. Emeline is going to take you on a journey to outer space by leveraging data, AI and investor insights. It's going to be an incredible presentation. I'm so happy she's able to join us live from New Zealand. So listen, don't forget to share your quotes from Emeline using the event hashtag BigTH21 and get your questions into the chat window. If we have time with Emeline, we will ask her the questions in real time. And that goes for all of our speakers. Get your questions in early so we can get to them all at the end. If we possibly can. OK, Emeline, welcome to Big Things Conference 21. The stage is yours. Hola. Greetings from New Zealand. Good morning, good afternoon, or good evening. I'm Emeline Pat Dahlstrom. And thank you so much for Big Things Conference for basically inviting me to present to you the future of the global space industry in an exponential world. So a little bit about my background. I'm Emeline Pat Dahlstrom, originally from the Philippines, moved around to Europe and Canada before and grading to the US about 25 years ago. My background is in physics and space science, but really worked a lot more on program development operations and educational management in different areas, working for space startup companies like Space Adventures, all the way to International Space University. And then I maintain my global network as well from Singularity University to the NASA Frontier Development Lab. I came to New Zealand about four years ago and basically focused on the democratization of access to space by incorporating a social enterprise called SpaceSpace. And our focus is to basically catalyze space ecosystems in developing and emerging countries through education, entrepreneurship and community building. And so what we do, we basically, we present and give educational programs, training workshops to adjacent industries. We also do innovation through challenge competitions, mentorship, as well as ecosystem building as well. And then the third part through our consulting service, so we also do business attraction, we help with strategy for local and national government, as well as technical due diligence for investor companies. So in this particular presentation, I guess I want to first say that as a disclaimer, I'm not an AI and a computing expert, but what we're going to be doing is we're going to look at the sort of like the space industry trends as it relate to AI computing, big data, as well as robotics. So first to say is that, you know, the definition of the space industry has changed over kind of like the last decade is no longer just rockets and rocket ships. The definition now is really the whole supply chain, not just like the big missions or the launch companies, but actually all that supply chain from every analog of a terrestrial industry has actually an analog in space. So within the last few years, as you can see, there's just so many things that have happened, you know, from reusable rockets, 3D printed rockets, manufacturing in space, there's commercial activities with commercial crews, and then people basically even nonprofit organizations like trying to land in the moon. And we think that this is actually happening because of exponential technologies, you know, over the past, just this past decade, you know, we all know about Moore's law and that certainty of how technology has been developing in an exponential scale. And this has certainly influenced a lot the development of the space industry, you know, for computing, nanotech, AI robotics and biotech. And a case in point, if we think about the Apollo, you know, program back in the 60s, if you actually put together all of the computers that were used during that program, you look at your iPhone today, your iPhone just one is about 240 times much faster than all of those NASA computers combined, which is really interesting, which means that the iPhone is a supercomputer in the past terms. The other thing as well that exponential technologies have done is that it has dematerialized the space industry. So even just a few years ago, when I compare satellites, it's like bus-sized satellites have now become like shoe-sized or shoebox-sized satellites. And then today, it's actually the comparison between a pocket sat to a chip sat. Exponential technologies have also demonetized the industry. So today you can go online, basically, you know, order the components of your satellite and there are companies like Enduro Sat in Bulgaria who can configure it and basically deliver the satellite bus in five days. And so today, that democratization has basically meant that it used to be satellite imagery is very expensive. It also means that satellite data analysis products are very expensive. But today this has not become open source. Governments have given data for free. And then also we've got open source software like QGIS. So essentially all you need is a computer and Wi-Fi to be able to be part of the space industry. So because of that, now the space industry is no longer the realm of governments and big aerospace companies. You've got like three guys in a garage actually working to become, you know, space companies. So this is one example with Planet back in Cupertino, like 10 years ago. I don't know if you can actually see the satellite there on the table. But these guys now, after 10 years, dominate the earth observation satellite market and they can now basically image the world every 10 30 in the morning, any day 365 days of the year. So let's look at the basically the global space industry for a second here. This is where we are about a year ago. The global space economy is rated to be three hundred and six billion dollars and with a prediction that by 2040 conservatively, it would be one point one trillion. But the interesting thing here is that, you know, always in the news is launchers and rockets. But that's just like five billion of kind of the main pie. And also there's the misnomer that the space industry is largely government run. But that's only like 25 percent of the kind of like the global economy. But if so, if you actually look at the 75 percent is really the satellite industry. And that has propelled also that exponential growth of launches that has been happening over the past like 10 years. This has also created a small satellite launch market, which is valued to be six to billion dollars by 2030. And today there's only Rocket Lab and Virgin Orbit and also another like Chinese startup company that has been successful. There's about 150 companies that are trying to be like Rocket Lab. Right now, most of that would be vaporware, but it's certainly an up and coming niche market. So one way to sort of like look at the space industry is through the upstream and downstream side of the of the market. But what I'm going to actually do today is I'm going to segment it in two ways. One is the trend of activities that are happening in low earth orbit. And then the second part will be kind of anything that is kind of beyond earth orbit. So one of the things that we take for granted with the space industry today is that it really is the eyes of humanity, these biggest problems. I like this quote from the VP of Planet that's saying, you know, you can't fix what you can't see. Most of the earth observing satellites have been put up by governments in past decades, but now commercial companies are beginning to actually dominate this as well in a big way. And look at and let's look at some of the examples. Oh, but before that, it's also great to to see that the progression between kind of like the size of satellites as well as the number of satellites that have been put up, as well as the kind of like the the the bits and data information that is being downloaded since the 1960s. As you can see here. And then, of course, today we have over 130 earth observing satellites with 36 petabytes of data that is being extracted every year. So as I mentioned, the essentially there's a lot of applications for satellite technology. But really today, the planet is in a is in the crisis. We all know that climate change is is actually is man made. And there's there's so much information on monitoring all of this really like from disasters that are happening today. So here's like some of the examples that we're kind of like monitoring using a lot of the techniques that are being used today. So like, for example, with flood forecasting, machine learning is being used to potentially kind of create better and accurate flood maps. And data fusion is also being used as well using different sources from different satellites to potentially make these predictions better. Another thing is, for example, wildfires prior to COVID. Wildfires have devastated California and Australia. And today, basically, there's a collaboration between data scientists and AI experts to essentially create algorithms that can better detect and then also understand the fuel assessments as well as the fire behaviors for this particular phenomenon. Today, we can also see deforestation happening on a global scale because of companies like Planet, as I mentioned earlier, they can actually image 24 seven. And this has basically given us a better understanding of how the basically deforestation is contributing to climate change. Another program that also leverages planet data is the Allen Coral Atlas. So today, also with machine learning, they managed to map sort of all of the coral reefs around the world and they can also now predict as well bleaching, which, of course, is a big indicator for ocean acidification and ocean warming. Today, here in New Zealand, we are actually leveraging both Planet and the Allen Coral Atlas to do a space for Planet Earth Challenge. We're looking at carbon sequestration and coral health. Today, we basically know a lot more about forest sequestration as well as soil sequestration, but areas like sea grass, to mangroves, hydro plankton blooms are also like areas that can sequester carbon that are pretty much untapped and are still being looked at today by data scientists. And the last example here in this section is also that machine learning are helping to detect lightning and cloud blooms much better using geo satellites as well and making sure that we can have the false alarms that are being produced to kind of like traditional methods. So another sort of like section of satellite applications is planet management. And so, for example, in the agriculture business, precision agriculture for sure, using and leveraging satellite data to monitor health of crops, certainly given the farmers potentially like 10 percent of increase in yield, as well as 10 percent reduction in pollution by leveraging this data. Today, we monitor fishing as well through satellite companies like Aspire Global. And this has given us insight as well to maritime and shipping management as well. With these techniques today, we know that at least 30 percent of the fishing activities are illegal. And just statistics wise, the satellite programs have found like 4,200 illegal ships, which could be an estimated of like 100,000 workers, which are held in slavery today, which is something that you think would not be happening in today's modern world. Here's another example with solar weather. Most of the time we think about solar weather when we're thinking of, you know, just viewing auroras, but actually solar weather prediction is very vital, especially because solar weather can actually do, you know, damage on a global scale. It can knock out satellites, power grids and internet trunk trunks. And so better prediction certainly is needed for this to prevent like some catastrophic storms. In terms of communications, you know, we've had communication satellites for a while, but the new constellations that are coming up with Wi-Fi on demand like Starlink. So actually on the side, I'm using Starlink right now to do this Zoom presentation. This is a game changer for the other like three billion in the world who basically do not have access to Wi-Fi. And just imagine the, you know, the implications of this to education and to areas that are in remote areas. Now, while this is a positive, of course, for these areas, the flip side to this is, of course, based with all of the satellites that we've been launching, there's, of course, the potential for overcrowding and then also the increase of potential space debris. So today, the USDOD is already tracking almost 30,000 pieces of orbital debris. That's about those that are bigger than like 10 centimeters. Leo Labs now, which is a commercial company, can now also track about 250,000 pieces that are up to like two centimeters in size. But there's still almost a million objects that are not tracked right now that could certainly and have potential damage to like satellites and even astronauts either on spacewalks or life on space station. And then actually today, the ISS is doing a maneuver to basically prevent a collision with a space debris. On a solar system scale, which is very similar, we're also tracking near-Earth objects on our near-Earth objects are like asteroids that are on the same kind of like orbital plane as the Earth. So, you know, this is something that, you know, the dinosaurs before do not have in terms of predicting this potential kind of like city killer scale asteroids. But today, we're tracking about almost 30,000 NEOs back in the 70s. We only knew of 12 and every week, there's more that's being discovered. The tracking is not really complete. But once the Rubin Observatory Large Synoptic Survey Telescope comes on board, it's expected to discover like 100,000 NEOs more. But also the implications of this is that because of its very sophisticated system, it's actually bringing down about 20 terabytes of data kind of like every night. So you just like see how big the data is coming down. So with that, we know we talked about the satellite remote sensing and data analysis applications. There's for sure challenges and opportunities, which I kind of like alluded to. So for one, big data is going to be a big sort of issue with all of the launches and satellites and more sophisticated satellites and launches. Today, you know, we basically from Earth observing satellites were we're generating about 100 terabytes per day. And that's going to even get bigger in the future. So once we have more and more bigger data, a challenge of transmitting that data from space back down to Earth is also going to be an issue. So with traditional radio communications, as an example, it takes about 30 minutes to get an image from Mars, which is two megabits per second. Today, there are now laser communications that is being developed to increase sort of like that data transmission. But we certainly are going to need these systems to deal with those satellites that are getting more sophisticated and have more data. As part of that data storage is also a challenge. And today, most of the commercial space companies are actually doing computing in the cloud and making use of cloud computing through AWS or Google Cloud as well. And this is becoming a big issue today. Now, the flip side of that is instead of bringing down the data, there's also development in onboard processing where because of exponential technologies, the also the chips are getting smaller and they're getting faster. GPUs are getting faster, which is much better where you can actually analyze the data on board and you can only bring down the data that you actually need. And this is very important, especially with hyperspectral data and in the satellite radar satellites that are generating more data than they can actually bring down. And then lastly, with image optimization and data fusion, we've got many different types of satellites today. So there are satellites that have high resolution but have actually have sort of like sparse kind of data while there are also satellites that can get the image much more frequently but have lower resolution. And if you fuse them together, you of course get a better and finer synthesized image. And this technique is being used today now quite frequently and also not just with satellite data but also fusing it with ground and aerial. So another area as well, we talked about a lot on satellite that remote sensing and data analysis. But another trend also today is basically the space industry where it relates to human exploration and living in space. So today with the advent of commercial spacecraft, just like Blue Origin's New Shepard and the SpaceX's Dragon, the kind of the traditional function of a career astronaut is going away because of automation. And so most of the Dragon and Blue Shepherd, these are all automated spacecraft that today allows space tourists to go up in space. So that's kind of like one trend. The other thing as well is like today, we only have the International Space Station, which is government-owned, but there are now commercial stations like Axiom, Nannerax and Blue Origin that are actually developing hardware. And we're now just a few years from having all of these newer and sophisticated systems that are going to be put up in space. And so we're not at the how 2000 or the trite quarter kind of like era yet, but also today AI doctors and assistants are being beta tested like on the International Space Station. And this is going to be even be more critical as we have more non-career astronauts and space tourists that are also going up and needing more robotic assistance in space. So the last section that I wanted to talk about is that we talked a lot about the space activities kind of like within Earth orbit. But the next kind of like the sort of like space 2.0 or maybe even space 3.0 is beyond orbit orbit activities. So most of the time people would think, well, this is going to be beyond kind of like our lifetime, but actually that is not the case again because of exponential technologies within this decade from 2030 to 2030. There's going to be a lot of NASA missions that are going for exploration in order to kind of like to set the stage for more kind of like permanent settlements on the moon. And this is through the NASA clips missions. And then beyond that, there's going to be global commercial and other government activities on the surface of the moon. And then and even beyond that is really more of the human settlements on Moon Mars and beyond. So how do we actually get to that stage? One of the major things is that we need to kind of like lower the cost and then also make sure that the systems that we have are reusable. So it's interesting that even just, you know, less than five years ago, reusable rockets were something that is the holy grail. Like it's something that is at least in the rocket community is impossible. But today with SpaceX and Blue Origin, we're already seeing this happening today. And this is kind of like a precursor to landing on other extraterrestrial bodies. Now, the first thing to do to do before landing is actually to to have also permanent presence on orbit on the moon. So today we have the ISS that is orbiting around the Earth. The next step is stations orbiting on the moon. And no, this is again, this is no longer science fiction. The NASA Artemis program as well is working on this and hardware for the first parts of the station are already being developed. And it's called the NASA Gateway. And so the next thing is basically landing on the moon. And as I mentioned, this has now been kind of more jumpstarted by the NASA commercial lunar payload services or CLEPS. About 10 years ago, there was the Google lunar expires for commercial companies to start developing lunar landers. And so today, some of those companies are actually part of the 14 companies that have been contracted by NASA to develop some of this land and some of them have already won the the contracts. So I'm actually part of one of the the companies called Cirrus Rodix, who are vying to actually develop and design landers and rovers that will eventually go to the moon. So once we land, I think really the bigger market is really what we do there on the surface. And so therefore, kind of like the vision here with surface operations is a lot of robotic and automated either robotic missions to rovers that will be kind of like the bedrock and the stepping stones for actually creating all of the infrastructure that's going to be happening for creating either moon basis and moon posts on the moon. But kind of like even further to that really is that all we do on the moon right now, at least for SpaceX, is sort of a practice run for landing on Mars and settling Mars and as I guess one press conference with NASA that just happened like recently, this was sort of like basically the case. The moon is going to be the the practice for all of the other missions and settlements that's going to happen either on Mars and kind of like and beyond. And my kind of like my last slide here is is really this almost looks again more like science fiction, but at the same time asteroid mining is actually something that is in in the minds of a lot of now companies being backed as well by VCs and even countries like Luxembourg, who are now looking at, you know, extraterrestrial mining for resources as a big sort of like market for the future, because essentially, you know, we are living in a finite planet with finite resources. And so therefore kind of like our future is really to have to go out and explore, not just explore, but also find resources. So I will leave you with this final slide, which is I like this this code, the future is here. It's just not even distributed with exponential technologies. A lot has happened in the space industry. I actually think that we've finally reached sort of like that inflection point in that exponential curve for this particular industry. And I think that adjacent industries like AI, you know, robotics, computing, big data are going to play a big role, for sure, in this sort of very exciting, but also, you know, very rich market opportunity that's going to be happening within the next few years and in decades to come. So again, thank you so much for for inviting me to give this talk. This is my my contacts, so website to my LinkedIn and also I do a podcast as well monthly on FaceBase at BuzzFraud.com. So again, thank you, Kiora and Have a Nice Day. Great conference.