 So welcome to this training. As you know, this is organized by Glozolan. It is the Global Solid Laboratory Network. It's a network grouping together all celebratories in the world. It's structured in regional celebratory network that are also called Resolan. And then we are establishing and empowering the national celebratory network. So the Nazolan, the network is established at the national scale. So all the laboratories operating within the same country. You see Glozolan is increasing every day. We have new labs. We want to register in the network. And now we almost reach 800 laboratories. And you see the different laboratories in size. We have one for Asia, the one for Near East, and North Africa, the Nina Lab, Africa Lab, Rosolan, then the one for the Pacific, and the one for Latin America. Thanks. You see the motto of Glozolan is that if you cannot measure soil, you cannot manage the soil. So we work on different aspects of solanarities, to harmonize protocols, methods to improve the analytical capacity of laboratories in analyzing soil. We work on standard operating procedures, on laboratory health and safety, on the laboratory equipment purchasing and maintenance, on quality assurance and quality control. And we do it for the wet chemistry. So let's say, like today, to the soil-based extract, but as well on dry chemistry, so on soil spectroscopy. And we're also working on, now, on fertilizer analysis. And now we really want to improve our work on capacity development. This is why we are organizing these online training sessions. Due to COVID, we cannot meet in person, but at least we can organize very easily these online training sessions. And everybody can join. Join the session. And you see, we have a web page on the Gluton website on capacity development. We can find information on the training before it starts. So we have details of the event, the link to register, and after the training is implemented. So even after today, we will upload the presentation that will be given today, the video recordings of this meeting. So if you want to go through the training material, the training session, once again, you can do it. Everyone, all the material is online. At least we'll be uploaded online very soon. Of course, our goal of this session is to organize the training sessions and build the capabilities of the training sessions. And also, the safety of the experts and the experts. And also, just like today, there are the capabilities. And this is the goal of this online session. And as we can see in this page, of course, we can see all the private information in this course, in the page of the FAO and the current exhibition you have. We can see the presentations in the presentation all the time, we can see the video, we can see even the history of the presentations and highlights or things that we can light up for these educational courses. Thanks, Manal, once again. So these are the training sessions we are implementing on the right, those on spectroscopy that I will finish for now, but we will organize other sessions on spectroscopy soon. While you see, we have different topics on wet chemistry. We already implement one on Saturday soil paste extract in English. This was 9th of November. And today, we have the same session in Arabic, as you know. Then we will have other training sessions in the upcoming weeks. So on the 1st of December, there is a training on Olsen. So available phosphorus by Olsen, that will be held in English. Then we will have two sessions on handling and preparation of soil samples for chemical and physical analysis. So basically sample preparation, sample petritment, and this will be done in English on 6th of December and French as well on 7th of December. And then on the 14th of December, we will have a webinar on determination on soil electric conductivity. So once again, as you know, soil soil paste is a very strong, very important parameter for soil analysis, for soil salinity, to measure soil content in the soil. And we will have another session, very important on this parameter on soil electric conductivity on 14th of December. So I invite you to join also that session. Okay. So from the bottom of my heart, there is a course on the polyurethane gene, polyurethane gene, in the English language for about two weeks. And today it will be done in Arabic. And it will also be followed by training on the 1st of December. The training will be on the solution of phosphorus by Olsen, of course, in English. And two sessions on soil and chemical will be done on the 6th of December. And on the 14th of December, we will be training on the CO2 solution. Of course, this is very important on the soil quality. And also the soil content from the Nassir and Gdaneef. Please, please. You are muted, Philip. Sorry, about today's session. So we have three lecturers that are the same who gave the lecture in English. These are our workblows on the experts on this topic. They volunteered to give this training. And I really want to thank them once again. So I want to thank Professor Maria Romic from Croatia, from University of Zagreb. She doesn't speak Arabic, but anyway she wants to attend today. She's here with us. And I really want to thank her because it's Sunday for Europe. It's not a working day, but she's still with us today. So I want to thank Maya for her dedication to the activity, to the network. Maybe you can even say, hello, everyone, if you want. Hello, thank you. Thank you for this introduction. I'm really happy to meet all the colleagues here. And I believe this this training will be successful and fruitful and of on benefit of all the participants. Thank you, colleagues from thank you, Riham and Muhammad, Dr. Manhal, to all the contribution. Thank you. Have a nice day. Thanks, Maria. So our proposal is that we can add Maria Maya email address in the chat. So in case you have questions, and you want to share also to her in addition to Manhal and Riham, you can write her as well. Because indeed, in addition to Maria, we have Riham Zalan from the General Commission for Scientific and Cultural Research of Syria and Muhammad Manhal Al-Zubi from the Natural Resources Research Administration in Syria as well. And so again, let me stress how important is to organize this meeting on this topic, because as you know, this year, GSP, the Global Soil Partnership, is fully dedicated on soil salinity. We had a symposium on salt affected soil in October and the worst soil day of this year will have as a main topic to stop soil, to host, to halt soil salinity, soil salinization and boost soil production. So we will try really to focus on this topic. It's a very important topic affecting many regions in the world, many countries in the world. Many countries are not yet affected by soil salinity, but are likely to develop this kind of soil condition very soon. And I know this is a very important issue in the NINA region. So I'm really happy that we had the chance to implement this training once again with the NINA colleagues. So all the laboratory operating in the countries from Near East and North Africa, so you can improve the soil of analytical capacity to measure soil salinity, because this issue has been recognized as one of the main solutions in the region. Thank you. Thanks, Manal. So I think I finished my presentation now. My introduction. I leave the floor to you and Riham. Thanks again for your participation. This will be like the presentation now and after you have the chance to raise your questions. Again, if you want to ask questions to Professor Maya, you have the email address in the chat. So I'm here. But now the floor, I will leave the floor to Riham and Manal. Enjoy the training. And once again, thank you. Bonjour. Salam alaikum, everyone. And enjoy the training. Thank you to all of you. Of course, Professor Maya and Dr. Maya will be with us. And any person who likes to be a teacher, they will give us the email address and the address to Riham so that we can start our presentation today. Thank you very much. May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon you. My brother Al-Azzaa, Al-Sadat Al-Azzaa, we will start our presentation with what is related to the spread of the virus and the spread of the disease. If possible, I will share my screen. Of course, in Syria, we currently have 10 experts. These experts are interested in the operation of the soil and plants and plants. These experts are distributed to the entire Syrian area. Before the Syrian Revolution, there were about 16 experts. Of course, during the crisis in Syria, most of these experts were distributed, and most of them were resettled. In the Al-Qunayt area, there were no people. In the Damascus area, they were completely distributed. They were distributed in the Al-Ruzor area, in the Eastern region, as well as this report was distributed. Also, in the region of Qama and Qab, the distribution was distributed in a basic way. All of these experts in Syria are very good at technical work. All of these experts are active and are in the field of soil, or in the field of plants. Currently, in Syria, we are not taking pictures of the soil, except for very expensive things. Less than a dollar, less than a dollar a year, to be fully vaccinated. Of course, you will come to learn about the addition of the name according to the needs of the people, and the addition of the distribution according to the needs of the people. And also, as with the case of the Malouh area, many of us in Syria are affected in the Eastern region due to the Malouh problem. Of course, we are not affected in Syria or Syria, except in a very simple way, but our problem is more in the Malouh area, in the Al-Furat area. Of course, all of these experts, or I am sorry, these experts are active experts. Nine experts from these experts are included in the Glosoland or the global network for soil storage. If nine experts are included, we are now helping to include the last expert, who is in Bidir Zor. Of course, he is included, he is re-operated in the year 2021 this year, and we will soon include him in the Glosoland, God willing. Of course, as I said, these experts are involved in soil and soil chemistry, and water and plants development, and all of these experts are very active experts. We will start with the next questions, and I will give them to Dr. Raham, who will give us a brief description, and I will also thank Dr. Naya for joining us in this presentation. Of course, we are told that the Malouh problem is a big problem, and the most dangerous problem in the world is the soil pollution. According to the research done by the Glosoland, more than 80 million hectares are affected by pollution, including soil and pollution. Currently, in our countries, we are in the countries where there is an educational role to prepare a lot of pollution. The information we have in Syria has been provided by the Glosoland with the help of the Glosoland and the rest of the countries believe that all of these countries have prepared a lot of pollution especially in these countries. Of course, why is it very important that we and you and all the countries in the world have the best quality of the pollution level in the soil? It is the fuel for pollution, it provides us with electricity, and we build on this electricity to build policies. There are many countries in the world that build agricultural policies on this issue. This is the soil of the rich, what is the soil of the rich, what is the soil of the rich? We now have a problem that the soil is not rich, but the problem in the rich is like in the desert. The soil is essentially the soil of the rich, but the problem in the rich and the problem in the rich is also in the rich. And this is the reason why the soil is so rich. Therefore, when we talk about the problem of the rich, there must be a solution to reach the solution in the soil that is affected by the rich. There must be a good solution to rely on two suitable technologies, to rely on a good agricultural sector for the agricultural sector. But most importantly, maybe all of you know what the laser treatment method is. It reduces the problem of the problems that the rich have. Of course, for the rich, we know that when we reach the soil to the four seasons, the soil will start to be not the problem of the rich, but instead of the rich according to the distribution of the agricultural sector and the agricultural sector. What is the main goal to implement this method? Of course, when we noticed a while ago, when we read the collection of the one-to-one or five-year-old we found a big difference between them. Of course, that will return to the green, return to the work environment. But some of the problems that we find there are differences between them. And some of the problems that we have are called stability. This stability can make the process of transformation between them. But honestly, in our experience in the work, we did not find the best of this method in the field of agricultural development, especially the issue of the EC and the BH, the issue of the agricultural industry and the issue of the BH. Of course, our organization will talk about the issue of the agricultural sector and the issue of the future and what is the difference between them. We will be very present in this field. But I mean, through the observations that we noticed in the past, this issue is the issue of the agricultural sector needs a good quality so that we can reach the word the dough in every sense of the word so that we don't increase the amount of water in it, so that we don't increase the amount of water in it, so that we need a good green and this is the goal of these courses is honestly to build the skills and especially in some countries, such as us, currently we are in Syria, there is a situation with you and teachers Syrians are following this lecture. Of course, the nature of the soil has a great effect on the issue of the agricultural sector. The starting point, of course, is the use of this for the agricultural sector and it is less possible to use the amount of water that is enough for the sector. The most important decision that we make in the agricultural sector is the agricultural sector after the production and the issue of the BH or the degree of pollution, of course, before the production and as it is, the dough we can measure in the degree of the BH and therefore we get a very good result in this field. I do not know the rest of the countries that we have in Syria, if we talk a little about the degree of pollution, we found most of us in a normal field, that is, the BH is more than seven or less than eight and a half this is the level of the BH in Syria. Of course, we have some palm trees, there are some palm trees that are in some areas, such as the Hama reserve, but it is not I mean, I think the solution that we have was to reach the only five, that is, we can say, but as a matter of fact, a little palm tree, most of our land is a regular land and we do not have a Sodiq land, we do not have a Sodiq land with the price, except that very little land. So in Syria, we only have the problem of pollution in the surrounding areas, in the area of Aleppo, Derzor and Raqqa, and yet we are focused on this problem through the new administration, and finally, of course, we are in the international network for the affected land. Of course, now I will say the lecture to the lecturer, Riham, Zahlan, if we agree with her, I think we will work with the Ministry of Agriculture in Syria, will continue to follow this lecture, and thank you, of course, for this lecture and for its translation and for its preparation. Dr. Riham, Riham, you are welcome. Good morning, Dr. Menhal. Good morning, Zomalaq. We are very happy to be with you today, and we are very happy to be the first lecturer in Arabic language, the GSB system, for those who are not used to the education, for those who are trying, for those who have new instructions, as Dr. Menhal mentioned, we will be in the Arabic language session as well as the EC, in the next month, hopefully, you will be able to know about it. Good morning, Philipu. Good morning, Professor Maria. It's really great to see you today. Professor Maria, we really appreciate your attendance with us today, although it's strange to be in a Arabic session, but we really appreciate your business with us today. It's a great support. So, I'm going to start sharing my screen. We will... Dr. Menhal, can you hear me? Do you want me to turn off the screen? Can you turn off the screen? Yes, it's clear. Yes. No, it's not clear yet. I'm going to share my screen, and I will give it a short break. Yes, it's clear. I'm clear about it. Zomalaq is clear. You made it clear. How many? I think it's clear. We need to know how we can work in this way, and how we can use it, and even use it in a similar way, to measure the amount of soil we are working on, and how we can apply the report, especially since it's a reportable way. It's based on the policy or environmental criteria that Dr. Menhal is concerned about. I think Dr. Menhal is the best way to measure or give us a picture of the soil we are working on. The soil we are working on is to make sure that the soil and the water we are working on should be at the site or the site that we are working on so that you can reach the soil. Of course, we prepare in order to get the water source. I think it's important to get the water source as much as possible. The soil is important, and it also helps me to give me an additional benefit, to be able to measure the chemical chain from the cathode and anion, to get it in addition to the ECU and the pH that I take directly. More than that, I can get a better result in other areas as well, in the same way, I can get a better result for the soil we are working on, which is the soil we are working on. It's very important that we can measure the amount of soil we are working on, in addition to the amount of water we are working on, in addition to the amount of soil we are working on, in addition to the amount of soil we are working on, in the same way, because as we said, we can get a better result from other areas as well. We can also get a better result from preparing for the soil we are working on. I don't start in a very simple way, because as we said, we need to know. We will prepare the soil for the soil, leave it to rest for about 24 hours, because it will change the consistency of the rushaha or the soil the one you will get. It is very important, even if I choose this method, that I have mechanical isolator or suitable soil, because we use the rushaha from this soil in a air-conditioning. It should be an extractor or a suitable soil, that will allow the soil to be in the air-conditioning. We will have to use the soil for the soil, because the soil will not be in the air-conditioning. Because the soil will be in the air-conditioning. I don't know what's the matter with something wrong. I don't know what's the matter with something wrong. Dr. Raham, you anti-mute, you are mute. I am not a certain person, I have been in the hospital. I am not a certain person, I have been in the hospital. I have been in the hospital. Now, what I can do best is to prepare the dough with the yeast and prepare it as we said. It is an easy and simple way, but it needs to be experienced and trained. In addition, I need a group of yeast tools that need to be prepared with the yeast, so that I can use this method as well. We divided the tools, the first thing we need is two parts. The first we need to prepare the dough with the yeast, of course I need half a cup of water or two cups of water. This should be about 1 gram. For you, we said that half a cup of water is enough. I need a spoon or a spoon so that I can work with the dough. In addition to that, I need a fire extinguisher or a fire extinguisher. There is no problem with the news. The important thing is that we can use it to move the soil and get the dough close to the yeast. The second part of the tools I will need to be used for the finished dough. Of course, I need a fire extinguisher or a fire extinguisher. I need a fire extinguisher. Now, we will see what we need. In addition to the need for a fire extinguisher or a mixture of tools, or a fire extinguisher or a fire extinguisher. The amount of the yeast should be between 8 or 24. To get a fire extinguisher or a fire extinguisher, I will need a fire extinguisher or a fire extinguisher that can be used for the finished dough. In addition to that, I need small claims to prepare fire extinguisher or fire extinguisher. There is a solution that I want to do. I can put these fire extinguisher in suitable places to be out of trouble. For now I will need a fire extinguisher or fire extinguisher. I'll need a grinder or a fire extinguisher so that I can get the material used for the finished dough. This is a picture of some of the tools we will need. For example, we talked about the spare parts, or maybe like a special piece of cloth. The movement of the equipment, whether it is a metal piece of equipment or a metal piece of equipment or the equipment that can be used. I need a high-level cylinder to be able to measure the amount of water that will be used to reach the level of the equipment or to a similar type of dough. Like we talked about, it is necessary to use a lot of paper, a type of paper that will be used to measure whether it will work properly or on the level of責 streak power. Also, I need someordre to reach the level, I'll try tosize a little bit I will set it as following in a row in order to measure how much would belong to the list of certain items. I wish for the level to be able to able to reach the level that드� on the side of a scale and also with the saving that the audience is given in the next two weeks. We need to use or reach these devices on the end-of-the-year device or on the end-of-the-year system, in order to open the windows to see what is in the middle. We can even reach it on the end-of-the-year device and reach it on the end-of-the-year device. As you can see, the end-of-the-year device also has a dedicated soldering iron. In order to be able to talk about the rules directly, in this case, I am easy on the end-of-the-year device because we cannot see that in some cases, we have to make the rules, or the rules can be long-term. So, I have ruled the rules in this way and in this way, this student is easy on the end-of-the-year device and easy on the end-of-the-year device. In addition, as we mentioned, we need to build the windows to collect the waste and directly enter the device to the end-of-the-year device in order to open the windows directly and in a more precise way, to collect the waste from the end-of-the-year device. We will need the materials in order to collect the waste for the end-of-the-year device. The end-of-the-year device is very important to collect the waste and this is something we always have to do. We have to try to get all the necessary information that I need to get as much information as possible. Doctor, can you hear me clearly? Yes, I can. Okay. For the end-of-the-year devices, the waste must be available so that there is no waste for the time and effort to collect the waste because the end-of-the-year device is only for the time and effort to collect the waste. For the end-of-the-year device, the waste must go directly to the end-of-the-year device to collect the waste. We will also have to collect the waste for the end-of-the-year device so that there is no waste for the time and effort to collect the waste from the end-of-the-year device and that is the first thing that we have to do is to solve the waste problem. We can use the color of the eyes to make it easier for us to do it in the newspaper. I also need to go to the water of the river or the water of the road. Of course, the salt we know is less than 0.1 in the 1,000 sys on the meter. It is covered in a group of classic specifications that I think are well known to all the workers in the newspaper. The eyes should be protected well, whether they are in a plastic bag or plastic bag, or they can be put in a plastic bag. It is important that the eyes are of good quality, and they are not exposed to any damage or any change in the image of the newspaper. Thank you, Professor Maria, for being here. Thank you very much. It is very important that we know how to deal with the eyes of the workers in the newspaper. The thing that we are going to see in this training today is the standard, or the thing that is the most important thing. While doing the harmonization for the SOB, or for the traditional way of operation in the region, they take the most important situation, because there may be special cases. For example, like we said, the weight of the eyes of the workers, we will take 200 grams here, but it may differ in different training conditions. For example, in the training, the standard, or the high content, we may need more than 400 grams, so that as much as possible, for a sufficient amount of information, we can use it in all solutions to the situation. So, the higher the level of the eyes, we may need a bigger weight, and we will also need a larger amount of water to reach the meeting. For example, in this picture, the weight of the dough may differ in different conditions, for example, in different content, content from the raw material. If we look at the picture on the right-hand side, it is the ratio of the dough to the ratio of the high content of the dough. The content of the medium content of the raw material, because it differs in the appearance. For example, in the picture on the left, when it differs from the raw material, it may differ in the appearance of the dough. So, the thing we will see in this training is the type of content that may differ, or it may differ with us more than the type, because we can see in different ways other things. It is necessary to make a mistake, because it may differ in a simple way, with differences in content. In order to apply this method, we will start with the main steps. First of all, as we said, we must have a neutral eye, we must have a neutral eye on the dough. Half the size of the dough is equal to 200 grams of the neutral eye. We said that we will try it randomly, we will put it on 2 millimeters, we can put it in a safe container, or we can use Beecher. At least, I don't think it will take less than 500 milliliters. The important thing with this is that it has a wide opening. So, it is possible to work with a neutral eye easily. And finally, when it comes, we need to transfer the dough to the dough after it is finished. For the finished machine, we can transfer it in a complete way, without any difficulties. In this case, we will make all the calculations that we need, or that we may need later, to make a different round, or to make a safe container, because these will be in our calculations later. When we are ready, and we are ready to start adding the neutral water, or the water that we talked about in the beginning, from the news experience, I am very concerned about the mix of the dough in the inside. I mean, we should not add the whole amount of water, we should add a large amount, we should add a small amount of neutral water, gradually, with us, and with the continuation of the mixing and mixing, it is better to start working from the center of the dough, towards the center, and with the continuous mixing, until it is finished from the preparation, or the mixing, the whole neutral eye. I mean, I know that it is finished from the preparation, or from the addition, when it comes to the whole neutral eye. I mean, I added it to the whole neutral eye. How much can I add additional amounts of water, to start adding small amounts with me, with the mixing and mixing, I can say that this is the end of the process, or the end of the preparation, of the dough that is not for example, when it happens to a group of people, who can be distinguished in the neutral eye. I mean, the dough that is not finished, with the use of a glass, unlike the light, as you can see, it does not have any kind of metal, or metal, it can be used as a material, or a material, or in addition, because it can be easily downloaded, if you raise it in a spatula, or in a mixer, or in a mixer, or if you put it in a mixer, without leaving any effect on the mixer, if you put it in a mixer, it will leave any effect. It is very important, as we saw here, if we make a long-range knife, in the middle of the dough, if you put the knife on a light knife, or on the edge of the knife, this knife will go back to the bottom, like I said, the metal knife, and the metal knife, on the side, on the other side, and the knife, if you put it on a light knife, on the edge of the knife, in addition to the sharp edge, the knife will easily be used in the case of the knife. Here, the workers are not done, after we have put the metal knife, the three pieces that we talked about, we leave it to rest for one to two hours. After two hours, it must be added water, or add soil. Here, it is very important, in this case, to add soil later, to adjust the consistency, because we left it to rest, so the water can enter between the soil plants, and the plants, so here, we will add water in this case, especially in Chinese soil, we need to add small amounts of water. In order to adjust the consistency, we need to add more soil. In this case, we have a chance to adjust it after two hours, but we have to make sure that the amount of water that we add will be added to the main amounts, and we can do all the calculations that we need. After two hours, we have to leave it here, as we talked about for a long time, when it takes 24 hours to rest, or even it takes 24 hours to rest, and we have to make sure that we reach all the parts of the system, so that it is even easier for us to do the rest, because it is considered the most difficult thing. After that, until we start doing the rest, as we talked about, we will come, as you saw in the previous photos, we will come with several calculations, so I will choose one of them which is for the clay or the thickness of the consistency, to choose the size of the pressure and the size of the large one, because here I am working on the thickness of the pressure. After that, we will choose a sheet of paper, as we talked about, it is a specific type, so we have to make sure that it is a sheet of paper so that it does not lose the practical quality. We will prepare the materials, we will make a sheet of paper with a piece of clay, and we will use any material that can be used to make the clay. We will be able to distribute the material so that we can reach the end of the process. But there are some moments that need to be discussed. After we get the clay, we have to transfer it to a piece of clay. The clay should be complete. We have to transfer this piece of clay to the ceiling, so that it does not open. At the end, we can transfer the clay to the whole floor, so that it does not stay on the floor. We can attach it to the roof, so that there is no confusion and confusion. We can reach the end How do I know that you are a part of the promotion process? Usually, you can put a promotion device for a certain period of time and go back and take a look at it later. And at this time, as usual, we usually send it to the SOB, which was published by the GSB, which is one hour. Because according to the work of the reporter and the expert, you can know the type of work that you are working on that may need to be done. You can also discover the end of the promotion process from the appearance of the dough to the fermentation process. As you can see, the dough is being fermented from the water. So it's getting closer to the air bubbles. It becomes clear in the air, maybe after a while. So if you leave it, it looks like I have a small piece of paper on the surface. Here I know that I got a complete promotion from it. I don't know if it's possible to get any additional quantities in terms of the fermentation process and all the content of the process. From the promotion that I got, to the salamdar model, to be able to calculate the EC or at the moment, to calculate the size of the content from the ketones and anions. Of course, in this case, the work is done. We are now working on all the solutions that we need. The solution that we are working on is a little bit of electric. I can take the content from the full list and the percentage of the content. And we can also calculate the ketones and anions in order to solve the ketones and anions in order to solve the problem. In addition, in the Quran, it is possible to calculate the size of the kneaded dough. Of course, the size of the dough is not possible to use the kneaded dough and it is not possible to use the size of the kneaded dough directly in the kneaded dough. In addition, it is not possible to use the kneaded dough to solve the problems with the dough in the middle and the rest of the kneaded dough. I am taking the pressure relief and then I am taking the kneaded dough and the kneaded dough on a special device in order to get a better and better balance of the ketones and the anions. As we mentioned, we are taking a lot of benefits and benefits from the wool and the wool with concerns of the kneaded dough. We also need to measure the weight of the wheat with the grain. How can we do this? Because the content of the grain is measured by the amount of water in the wheat that is 100 grams of the soil. Usually, it is measured by milliliters per 100 grams of soil or by grams per 100 grams of soil. This is the weight difference. We can estimate the amount of water added to 1 gram of water per 100 milliliters of wheat. We also estimate the content of the grain. The amount of the grain is measured by milliliters per 100 grams of soil or by grams per 100 milliliters of wheat. In addition to the fact that the workers are in the field of soil physics, we use the amount of the grain to other areas, to the areas that can be used to measure the weight, to measure the needs of the water sources and the period between the weights. So it is very important that we estimate the amount of the grain, especially this real amount of grain. So, the closest that you can reach is the amount of grain that is present in the wheat region. The amount of grain that is present in the wheat region. So it is very important to make these calculations. We have mentioned that it is usually expressed by the amount of grain that is present in the wheat region. The amount of grain that is present in the wheat region is the amount of grain that is present in the wheat region. However, there are more than one level of grain that can be used, depending on the amount of grain that we are working on. We can, as we have seen from the chemical materials, we only have a certain amount of grain. However, we must consider the best way to reach the level of the grain, which is the amount of the grain, the amount of the grain, especially the amount of the grain. It is possible to show the amount of grain that can be used to measure the amount of grain, especially the amount of the grain that is present in the normal water, the amount of grain that is present in the wheat region. We must consider the best way to reach the level of the grain, especially for the amount of grain that can be used to measure the amount of grain. For purpose ofinkle and the amount of the grain, we are only talking about the material of the grain. However, the amount of the grain that is present in the wheat region starts from the weight. When it takes a certain amount of time, the sense of consistency is added. When it takes a certain amount of time, it depends on the amount of time added. It also depends on the amount of time and the amount of time added to give a certain amount of time. As for the materials that we are going to use, there is a link in the comment section. In the traditional or classical shops, I have to put a list of them. In the same way, I have the traditional materials for the heating system, so I can use them or even put the equipment on them and get them to read for a minute and make it as accurate as possible. There is a group of notes that we need to take into consideration that the remaining electricity is increased by a certain amount of time. In other words, it is possible that 1.9% of the heating cost remains for the next generation, and it can be increased by a certain amount of time. In order to make it as accurate as possible, it is also possible that the same amount of time can be increased by a certain amount of time on the heating system. So we need to take a certain amount of time. Can you hear me? Can you hear me? Can you hear me? Can you hear me? Can you hear me? Can you hear me? Mr. Finipo, I will go on waiting for a re-harm. Yes, I think you should be back. Re-harm? Re-harm? Yes, I think so. Okay, do you have it? Yes, I will just talk about some of my mistakes. Okay. Okay. During the interview, we noticed some mistakes, especially in the beginning of teaching and training on the preparation of the dough. As I said, it is a matter of repetition, of preparation, of experience, of continuing it, so that after a while the mistakes may differ. Because these are the things that we can see in the interview. For example, I added a certain amount of water. This is the case right now, above the clouds, I will not be able to read it correctly. I will find that the water is collected on the surface of the dough. During the process of making the dough, I will find the air bubbles. This will only tell me the amount of the dough. As I said, the amount must be the quantity and the whole. So here, I only have the amount of weight, my calculations and the solution that will not be accurate. Unfortunately, there are times when I lost the easy-to-reach of the water to reach the clouds. If I do not take the weight difference, I may lose this thing, but I prefer all these things, all these numbers are recorded, so that I can benefit from this method and from what I do not know, and I do not have any doubts about it. Any kind of readings or information that I will add later on in my work. The picture above is for a dough that is not covered with a wet cloth, so it is at least the same. It is the opposite of the same. I will add a little bit of water later, but I have to add the right amount of water, a small amount of water and do not move continuously until it turns from this state to the top of the cloth. That is why it must be covered with a wet cloth. The picture above is of a dough that is not covered with a wet cloth. So I will add a little bit of wet cloth, but this wet cloth will not be enough for the EC and the wet cloth. So here, I have to cover it with some kind of soil, like we talked about the amount of soil that I need to get a sufficient amount of soil. This is something that is very important and that we have seen in the report, unfortunately, that as long as I choose a measure from a sheet of paper, I have to measure the sheet of paper, that is, we talked about the type, 42 or 44, but the measure is also important, because as we talked about the sheet of paper, it also comes with a sheet of paper, so I have to measure the sheet of paper that is not covered with a wet cloth. Also, I have to put a sheet of paper in order for the paper to be completely covered with a wet cloth so that there is no space for any wet cloth to be able to remove the soil from the sheet of paper with a wet cloth. And this is the result of this. I will get a wet cloth with a sheet of paper so that it will be organized in a certain way. I also have to cover the sheet so that it can be covered with a wet cloth. Now, we will see some of the videos. This video is prepared by Dr. Maria Thank you for watching this video. I will summarize all the steps or the procedures we have. From the beginning of the presentation and even the details on the sheet. Dr. Maria, if you would like to talk about the end, please. Peace be upon you very much. of course, I am very grateful for the work. Of course, it was a lot of work. Currently, as we mentioned, we were able to collect the text弱, is the final solution of the channels around the root of plants. Of course, this method is used for cutting the roots And as we said, with regard to the issue of BH, the quick way is not easy. You need a vacuum or air intake. Of course, the future of one to five is much cheaper than that. But the work is very serious, especially for the animals and cats. We will talk about it during the interview. Currently, this technology is being used for a wide range of purposes. And it is being used in large quantities, especially in fields when we talk about Malih and Saudi Arabia, about the influence of Malouha. Please, next. Reham? Reham? This is the last slide. This is the last slide. Finally, as we mentioned at the beginning of the lecture, there are several sessions for the EEC and the cats and animals. We will talk about it later. With the support of Blue Solan, Blue Solan is the international community for the earth. The lectures we have mentioned, we will talk about it in December, about the EEC, the cats and animals, and some of the animals. Finally, I thank you for listening. I thank you for being with us. Honestly, I am very happy when I see this large number, so that we can change our culture and our experiences. As a result, the goal is the establishment of this path. We are many countries that are trying to change the path, but there is a gap in this path. Blue Solan, as a result of this, will continue to be one of these paths. Of course, it depends on the path and the nature of the path. For example, Olsen is not the same. We have also prepared a small-scale future for the EEC. As we mentioned, we have prepared a value for Blue Solan. We will continue to do so in December. Thank you very much for your time. I thank you for listening. Mr. Filippo, as I think you are all, you can speak now. Thanks a lot, Manhal and Riham, for the presentation. This is the end of the presentation. Now, you have time to write questions directly to the speakers. To Riham, Manhal and even Maria, she is still with us. You can write in the chat or take the floor. You can ask questions to the speakers. Please take the opportunity. Thank you very much. Thank you. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. We will start with the question to the speakers. Please take the opportunity because it's very good to have some experts that can share with you your knowledge. As you can see in the chat, someone is asking for the video. This will be uploaded online very soon. We will work on making even a new one, with subtitles. as well as the presentation. Please raise questions if you have, even I would like to ask you to share your experience about this methodology. So if you perform, if you analyze saturated soil paste extract, how do you do it, if you have different, any difference according to the method that was presented. If you have problems in the analysis, please this is the time to share your questions. Of course in the beginning I would like to all of you to enter the discussion of course, whether it is the chat or the writing of the chat or the speech through the questions and I would like to take your time to participate in the discussion, I hope to be here to participate in the discussion. Of course, for the video, it will be directed to the discussion. Any problem you have in the analysis problem, in the review problem, any problem in this method that you have and we can participate in the discussion. Any questions? Of course, I will follow the chat and send a link to the video as I mentioned in the video. Hopefully during the week the video will be directed to all of you in the presentation. Of course, Mr. Filippo, now I am reading the chat. Good morning to search for questions of interest in this issue. Any questions? If you don't have any questions or speeches, we are ready for any questions. Thank you. I wish you all the best. Good morning from Syria. Good morning for us. Of course, currently, Mr. Filippo, in the English and Arabic language. Yes. Dr. Laila Ahmed. Dr. Laila Ahmed, please. Good morning, Dr. Good morning, everyone. I am sitting very well. I am very happy that I am getting valuable information. Of course, my question is because I worked with the mixed dough. Here, after we put the water in the bowl, we are leaving the dough. We were putting it on the machine. Here, we found the movement. Why? Because you are on the machine and I am following the chat. Okay. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. Dr. It's a complete mix of air and dust. All of it will be covered with water. We weren't talking about leaving it for a while. For the movement, the movement can be appropriate. But unfortunately, through our research in the field, I didn't see that a single research uses the movement's movement and doesn't prove its worthiness. I mean, I have the standard method or the classical method for eye movements. As we said before, it's a very specific method. If you have a large number of eye movements, you might be tired when you work with them. Because the movement's movement is a very specific method. So, people don't have to use the movement's movement. For me, for example, I don't like the individual level. Because it can be helpful, but you can't use the movement's movement in a completely different way. You might be able to work with the experts, with the media and the intelligence and you might be able to control the movement's movement. This is very important to me. When you work with a specific method, you might be able to control the movement's movement in a very specific way, in the field of study. It's different depending on the type of soil, depending on the conditions, depending on the content of the speech, depending on the content of the material. So, based on the information, you might be able to control what is appropriate for others, what is helpful and what can be used for it. For me, personally, I prefer to use the movement's movement. Okay. Now, in the video, we heard that you are cleaning the ground floor. Okay. As we talked about, the truth of the video was about the experience of Dr. Maria in Croatia, in the Zegreb University. We were discussing the video, and we are here, as you know, in a rural area, you might be able to reach the light ground, in the northern and southern areas. As we talked about the situation, I noticed that the conditions are different from what we talked about, but in the end, we discussed with the professor that it is something special because of the nature of the soil. So, for me, for example, I prefer to use the movement's movement to control the movement's movement, to try to control the movement's movements, so that we don't lose any part, even if we are looking from the perspective, we need to be very careful with the news, and try to cooperate as much as we can to get the number of minutes. These are one of the foundations of the work of Dr. Shoudy while working on the news, which is to use the local mistake of the news. These things are very accurate, and thank you for your attention. Thank you very much. Thank you. The question on the chat, Dr. Maria, what is the correct way for the rural area? Of course, it is correct for all types of the soil, but unfortunately, it will be more difficult to compare these types of soil. This is a sad case. Yes, the rural area is able to make a dense mass of wheat, but here, there should be a lot of wheat, there should be a lot of wheat, and there should be a large amount of very small amounts of water, and there should be a follow-up, and movement may be more than the rural area. So, the rural area needs a larger amount of wheat, a bigger amount of wheat, and a larger amount of water, because the amount of water will be less than what we need for the rural area. Okay. Ms. Nooham, Mohammad, please. Peace be upon you. Peace be upon you. Peace be upon you too. Good morning, and peace be upon you, Dr. Malhan. Peace be upon you too. I'm Dr. Nooham from Dan. Peace be upon you too. Welcome. Welcome. So, I feel that the rural area is able to make a dense mass of wheat, so that the乳 comes down, and the clay becomes denser, so that the soil becomes dense. So that the amount of soil has reached the amount of the grain that is there, it's very difficult to say that the soil that we grow is a huge amount of soil. So, the乳 takes a long time to grow. Yes. So, Yes. Now, what we have found in the land of Malha is that there are other conditions that cause the existence of the fish so there is a kind of separation between the land and the land which is the largest part of the population. In addition to the land of Tani and the land of Sildi as we talked about in the past when we downloaded the JSB it was added to the use process in one hour. Now, there are things that I don't know the difference is that you can use it for one hour until it is completely dry from any dry dough because the first thing is that it is larger than the soil so it is better for a larger amount of dry dough as I said, you can use a bigger fish that I have so that it can increase the surface of the dry or the surface of the fish without that for example the skin of the dry fish will have more than one fish so you can distribute the dry dough that you got today as we talked about on more than one fish as we talked about the fish is 1.3 cm from the belly of the fish the fish is smaller than the eye so it is less than the skin but it is for the real the soil of Malha in the application of the dry dough it is the end of the process because it is the end of the process and you can enjoy it Thank you Thank you We have an English question from Thailand he is asking us about the translation he is asking if it is necessary to leave the dry dough for 16 to 24 hours what will happen if we leave the dry dough but if you tell me what to do first of all as we talked the main steps is to leave it for 2 hours until it is ready for example after 2 hours we can adjust the time we have to leave it for at least 4 hours first of all the dry dough can be left for 16 hours after 16 hours we can adjust the time we have to leave the dry dough for 24 hours we can adjust the time we have to leave the dry dough until it is ready for 16 hours we can adjust the time we have to leave the dry dough for 24 hours we can adjust the time we have to leave the dry dough we can adjust the time we have to leave the dry dough we can adjust the time we have to leave the dry dough for 24 hours we can adjust the time we have to leave the dry dough first of all we can adjust the time we have to leave that at first for two hours. After that I have to recheck the criteria as we said because during these two hours I may need to add some water or some soil because the after two hours after the editing the the texture of the saturated base it won't change after that. I need to leave it at least for four hours so I can ensure that all the soluble salt amounts are dissolved and I can get a very precise number for EC. For 16 hours I can ensure the right concentrations of monovalent and divalent concentrations for all the elements we mentioned in the presentation in the beginning of this presentation. So the the standard time is 24 hours after that the the whole characteristics will change so at least four hours at maximum 24 hours to ensure an ideal concentrations of the salts and the nutrient concentrations within my soil sample. Thank you. Another question from the Arabian language. Is it necessary to add some water after two hours after the preparation of the dough? Is it necessary to add some water after two hours after the preparation of the dough? Yes, it's a very nice question, doctor. The truth is that we leave the dough for two hours after the preparation of the dough because after the preparation of the dough we leave the water for a period of time until the added water evaporates the air from the liquid and the instant liquid which is the liquid liquid. Even though I have a whole group of people in my family, the whole group of people between the soil families or the soil community, it is a matter of what I have. There is no air for the liquid or the liquid. So leaving for two hours is very important until I have the possibility to make the air flow and form the whole mixture. It's a mistake that I didn't do it, of course it's a mistake. After 24 hours, it will be very difficult to change the rules. And it will be difficult to decide on it. So, after 2 hours, it will be easier to change the rules. Because it will be easier to have a routine routine. After 24 hours, it will be difficult to change the rules. Because after the change, you have to leave it for a while. After 2 hours, it is still possible to leave it for another day. And it will be very difficult to change the rules. So, after 2 hours, it will be very easy to change the rules. And it will be very difficult to change the rules. I can't stop this. Peace be upon you. Do you have a question? Please, Mr. Abdul-Ali. Peace be upon you. I'm Abdul-Ali Mekawi. Peace be upon you. Good morning, Philip Oz. Good morning. I'm Abdul-Ali Mekawi. I'm a researcher at the National Natural Resources Research Center. The National Natural Resources Research Center is in Morocco. We are in the library... Hello. We are preparing the mixed dough in the following way, in 1954. We are putting the dough in a pan, in a pan, then we add water, we stir it until it gets to the mixed dough. After 16 hours, we roll out the dough using a rolling pin. For example, the centrifuges. They are 2500 rounds in diameter. Then we get the dough that is made of the rubbery material with a rolling pin. The question is, what is the difference between rolling the dough with a rolling pin and a rolling pin? Because, We will use the paper filter, or the paper filter, while we will use the paper filter in the center. This paper filter will affect the value of the property. That's the question. Thank you very much. Dr. Sefsar. Yes, Dr. Sefsar. This is the centrifuge method that you use. Is it to remove the EC and the anus and the anus? Or is there another method? We use the paper filter in the center. We use the paper filter in the center. We use the electric conductivity. Dr. Abdel Ali, Can you tell us what are the conditions of the soil? The different types of soil, like earthenware, sand, in general, and we can find the problems of soil. Right, in terms of two ways, the idea is that when we use the soil, On the ground, as I said before, the normal transportation is a very difficult process. Because I need to apply a certain amount of force, whether it is central transportation, or use it for transportation or transportation, to use it for transportation, even the most difficult part of transportation, because it leaves the ordinary, which is the best for the transportation that I will work on. So, there are two ways, two different ways, two right ways. For the transportation, one way is to use it only as a barrier, to prevent the dust from moving from the skin to the skin, and to prevent the dust from moving to the skin, because, as you saw with Bokhler, it can break parts of it. So, I will talk about other ways, I will go back, give me a few minutes, and I might need, as we said, to do a number of things. So, there are two ways, two different ways. It can be a central transportation process. It is easier for it to be connected to the rail, with the heavy rail, because there is a problem with the rail, while using the travel paper, it can be used for transportation. So, we might need a replacement, or use more travel paper, like we talked about with Dr. Amelie Soudan, it could be a need for changes, for the same way. Because the travel paper is essential, and only as a barrier, to prevent the dust from moving from the skin to the skin, and the dust from moving to the skin, and even to prevent the dust from moving to the skin. The very practical way, and I think it can be easier for some types of travel papers, using the travel paper. Thank you very much. Welcome. Thank you. Any questions, Mr. Mola? Any questions? Now, Dr. Bassa, I would like to clarify something, that we talked about in the training, in the English language. The difference between the dry skin and the dry skin, and the dry skin that is related to the water flow, one by one, and one by itself, especially when it is related to the dry skin. This is very important, I have an essential idea, for everyone, when it comes to dry skin, because this is a special training, dry skin is the closest example, to the natural conditions, like when the wind is blowing, so it is the right reading. I can get an EC, as a result of the water flow, one by one, one by five, one by two and a half, one by ten, I have many of the flow, but the difference in the amount of the dry skin. The amount of the water that is related to the dry skin, from dry or EC, will be from the dry skin. Because it is difficult to apply in the news, as we talked about in the training, for special tools, it can be difficult in some cases, in this case, there are many studies or researches, that are in specific areas, that are related to the dry skin, regardless of the dry skin that is related to the dry skin, from the water flow, it is related to the dry skin, most of the researches found that there is a strong line between the dry skin and the water flow. Of course, what we talked about is the dry skin, the highest number is related to the dry skin, because when it is applied to the dry skin, EC is related to the dry skin, the maximum level is up to 16 dices per meter, in contrast, with the water flow, the same amount of the flow is 6 dices per meter. So, here, it is related to the line, it is related to the dry skin, and it is related to the dry skin, which is the best factor to apply, which is related to the dry skin, which is related to the dry skin, but it is related to the dry skin, because these things are related to the dry skin, with a large number of studies, that are related to the line between the numbers, and it is in a specific area, we cannot apply or apply to all types of dry skin. So, a lot of things are important, because it is something that helps, especially with the dry skin, the dry skin, when it is difficult for me to apply, the dry skin is usually applied to the eyes. Thank you very much. Now, I have a question on chat, it says, Mr. Youssef, of course, how can the dry skin be benefited from it? Okay, the dry skin, as we said in the report, I would like to add a small amount, we start from the side of the dry skin, from the outside, towards the center, in order to get a certain amount of the eye, it is required to add a certain amount of the water in the dry skin, that is, it has to be specific to the amount of the dry skin. For example, we said that we will add the specific amount of the water in the dry skin, and add it from the dry skin, and it has to be specific to the amount of the dry skin, see how much it has been used to get the dry skin, because as we said, this water has to be used, and it is provided with the dry skin, which is the SP, which we have put in the law at the end, and it is also included in the law of the D.S.C.T.S. So there are a group of laws that require me to know the amount of the water in the dry skin. It has to be specific to the amount of the water in the dry skin, so it is required to have a certain amount of the water in the dry skin, to have a specific amount of the water in the dry skin, or to have a certain amount of the water in the dry skin, in order to be able to work in a certain way. Yes. Okay. Any questions, Zuma? Any questions? Can we use the information? I have one last question. For the processes, according to the processes, in this way, the water, as in the dry skin, the ratio of one to five in the dry skin, or as in the process of the processes, in the dry skin, according to the process, is this correct? Can we use the different types of the water? Yes, the question is very interesting, as we were talking about, the difference between the number of the dry skin, and the number of the dry skin, is the amount of the dry skin. For example, the dry skin has added a certain amount of water, so it is only the ratio of the dry skin. But the dry skin, is the ratio of the dry skin. So here, the amount of the dry skin, the amount of the water, has made me a certain amount of the dry skin. For you, we were talking about the number, or the amount of the dry skin, the ratio of the dry skin, will be less than the ratio of the dry skin. The solution in this way, of course, is only to simplify the process of the dry skin. To make it easier, the process of the dry skin is the ratio of the dry skin. But if I want to have a large number of the dry skin, I can have it, as we were talking about, it is difficult to use the dry skin, or it is easy at the time, if I have hundreds of the dry skin, I need to find a type of the dry skin, to make it easier for me to process the dry skin. There is a relationship between the dry skin, the dry skin, and the dry skin, which is the right way. But as we were talking about, in a specific field of study, we need to take two ways, for the same purpose, and then put them in a relationship, in most of the research I saw, I worked on this subject, for the relationship between you, it was a linear relationship, a strong relationship, almost the balance was above 90%. But let's notice, for example, that for each and every user, the numbers were related to the dry skin, which is usually less than the dry skin. In my case, the difference between the dry skin and the dry skin is less than the dry skin. In addition, the focus of the dry skin, and the dry skin is also different. So, it is possible to make a special relationship with dry skin, with dry skin, and make a special relationship with the focus of the dry skin and the dry skin that you are working on. Two ways of health, and the dry skin is the first step, and it is easy for the dry skin to make a difference. But in terms of the dry skin, it is not an issue. Thank you. Thank you very much. Welcome. Thank you, Dr. Raham. Any questions, any comments, any questions that we can use, please share the information. Of course, as we discussed, of course, I forgot to put some comments that he says in it as well, that for the recording of the whole course, and the video, it will be shown on the comments, and it will be shown on the links, and it will be shown on the links, but the link is in the description, it is currently in the description, but as mentioned in the middle of the message, it is written on the screen, that it will be shown in this video, in the future, God willing. Okay, Zomala, anything, before we move on to Filippo, anything that you can suggest, anything that you can say, before we give the floor to Filippo, anything? Anything new? Okay, Filippo, I will give you the floor now, because no question, no no. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Well, thanks again. Thank you, Raham, for the nice presentation. I cannot speak Arabic, but I understood that were a couple of questions, so I'm appears about the active discussion that was held. So thanks a lot for all of you, for your participation. We will upload the video recording of today's sessions online, as well as the presentation in Arabic, and we will try to send you a certificate of attendance, and as soon as possible. We are a little bit in delay with that, but in the, maybe in a week or so, we will be able to do that. So thanks again, Manhal and Raham. Again, I think it's very important that we share knowledge and expertise among peers, among colleagues from different countries. This is the idea basically behind the Glossolana. And I invite you all to have a look to the Glossolana website. I will put now the link in the chat on the webpage of capacity development, because there are information there on the next trainings, especially about the one on electrical conductivity, that of course is strictly linked with this one. So now in the chat, I have a meeting, sorry, the link to the meeting to register to the, to the wet chemistry, wet chemistry trainings here. Now I put also the link to register to the training on electrical conductivity that will be held on the 14th of December. And the training will be again, Dr. Manhal, Raham, and some colleagues from Philippines. Yeah, maybe you can translate this. I just want to add something. We were talking about the collaboration between the Glossolana and the Incest. It's very important to attend such like these trainings, especially that it's now available in several languages, Arabic, English, French, and maybe Spanish, as I know, because if we want to work in a more effective way with Incest to conduct the new maps of certain salinity, we are going to need these methods, especially in the lab. So it's very important to download the SOBs, since it's free on the GSP website and try to try them in our labs. Yes, indeed, thank you. And actually during Glossolana meeting next week, so in a couple of days, we have the Glossolana meeting and colleagues of Incest will join the meeting and they will present some, the chair of Incest will present the activities of Incest, the international network consult affected soils. And we will talk about collaboration between Incest and Glossolana. So for instance, the revision of SOPs on salt salinity or even the harmonization of other methods. So now we have saturated space and electrical conductivity, but we may work on other SOPs or other work together on salt salinity because of course labs as a key role in providing good data about salt analysis, good about the start of soil in the, or salt in the soils. And of course we have to work closely with colleagues of Incest. Thanks. Thank you, thank you, thank you, Riham. Thank you, thanks everyone. Yes, I think that's all. Have a nice day. Thanks again to Prof. Ramesh. Yeah, if you want, you can write your email address in the chat, Manhal, Riham, Sima, you read it. So if they have questions, they can contact you directly on, directly there. And really, yeah, thanks again. Hope to see you in the next meeting on electrical conductivity and in the Glossolana meeting of next week, of course. And yeah, have a nice day. And thanks again. Yeah, thank you, Filippo. Thank you for your support and thank you for Professor Maria for joining us today and support even. I know that she has a holiday today. I wanna encourage all our colleagues to ask via email because we wrote our emails in the chat. So we can use them and we are ready to answer any question via email. We are here to help and we wish that you enjoy this training today and you get some benefits, new information from it. We want to thank GSB for giving us this floor to have trainings in several languages so we can separate this information and produce SOBs for a larger number of our colleagues. Thank you for all and have a nice day. Yeah, bye-bye. Bye-bye. Bye-bye. Thank you.