 hand you over to Ahmed, who was going to talk about making captions beautiful, what a lovely scene. Thank you, thank you very much, thank you. So nice and quiet. It suits me very well because in that I can hear better. Because when it's a noisy environment like a bar or restaurant, or a camp, talk to me personally and to keep up with the conversation and I'm guessing the same thing for you too as well. And I do sometimes wish there were captions right in front of me. Just so I can follow the conversation and be aware of my surroundings, but that's not possible. The thing is not just about having what is said outside right in front of me, the quality and the accuracy of those captions matters too, and the context. They all matter. So these are the areas that I want to cover. Making captions right. Making captions works for everyone, making it beautiful. So it's not about auto-caption nonsense. So that also means we also get some SEO benefits as well. So get comfortable in your seat and let me explain. So get comfortable in your seat and get auto-caption because it didn't really work well in this case. I apologise. So the top of the caption is a very personal one for me. When I hear people talk about captions in my video, I hear them talk about how if another thing to do costs money or a half time, I'm going to leave it for the artificial intelligence to do the job. But it's a very personal one for me because I am deaf. And I depend on captions to deeply connect with all the videos. So whether these will not work if there are no captions while I'm going down. So I always incredibly use captions for many reasons, but it's not just about talking about my personal benefit, but I want to talk about also the benefit that you get as well. Now I get it. During a live event, it's a bit more complicated to organise and maybe you get someone else in your life. But once I've recorded a video that you control on your own, it's different. I can't tell you how many times I have wasted my time and energy, money, going to the cinema, never understanding anything. But I don't have control over that. But you do have control over our videos. So the one thing that people do use a lot is auto caption. But there's a thing about auto caption and bad quality caption in general. In the deaf community, they are known as corruption. So obviously most of us are familiar with auto caption and it's good in certain ways, but it's not really something that I enjoy using. And just to clarify, auto caption is not better than nothing. So just because you have it, it doesn't mean that that's it done and we're finished. Now, the technology had been great. Just over 10 years ago, Google had announced auto caption in YouTube. It was like, hey, would it have to do it? People say, we're done. And also it means that more people can access the content. 10 years later, it has gotten better, for example on a screen, but they are still a long way to go. But I believe that you can never replace the human emotion, the connection. You can't really get robots today for you, human period for you. I've got some wonderful examples I would love to show you, or some good, bad, and ugly of captioning that scene. So here's one example. No way can this country ever allow Batman to run this country. Although I think Batman would be a better choice, I think, imagine. NASA did a space launch. Co-oplicious agent looks good. And I think, what the hell is a co-oplicious agent? Co-oplicization right now. Obviously with my name, I don't expect people to get it right. So for other people's name, it's not going to be the same. Auto caption. At the bottom, you can see it says, oh, hello. I'm pretty sure that's not a real name. The guy's name is actually, hi, hello. It just happens that you can't be certain. And even if it's, let's just say, a normal name, where it's easier to allegedly write, it's not always that easy. Not only is Deborah Meadon and Tej Lavani, but apparently they're 1.3% of her pants in Dragon's Den. To this day, I have no idea what this part is. No idea. But all I know is Deborah Meadon's so wrong. Tej Lavani is so wrong. That's the wonderful word of proper caption. So I thought, let's go local then. For those who are not from Glasgow, this guy, Kevin Bridges, a local Galician comedian. He says this, and he's thinking, what the hell is he saying there? And they're talking about Tej Lavani. Oh, he actually said, you've got to pick your holiday. That Galician accent. Even better, I saw another clip on YouTube. Again, Kevin Bridges, he came onto the stage, introduction. And he said, literally, he said, thank you, hello. What the autographing actually talked about is, I should have put a, you know, profanity alert to it. But it doesn't have to be a Galician Scottish person, even an English person. Apparently the American does not know how to say, how does this feel? Because it's kind of a good feeling. You know, I think that that's how it feels. My friends, these two guys, they're from Newcastle, they don't swear. But apparently they say that. That's not auto caption. That is manually put. The person says that it actually says something different. And that is actually manual, which means that you have to check, even if it's manual or auto caption. And I showed it to them and they were so embarrassed. And then sometimes it's so obvious, you know, it's going to be Rudolph, there is, you know, Gwindia, apparently, they don't know that. And then there's sometimes some ironic moments where if news, they're talking about, oh, you're signing to a death customer. Oh, right, death customer. I get all of them on my auto caption. And then sometimes it's not so funny, maybe culturally not right, when there's no such thing as this. And because it's actually supposed to be lucky. So obviously there's something that is actually there that I'm laughing at, even though I'm angry, I'm laughing at it. But it's funny. But the odd time where it's not so funny when it's picking up words that we don't want them to say, even if they love a big bang theory, then if you can see at the bottom, it says one thing. But actually, he said, I'm not, but why don't you have that in your caption? And that's big bang theory. And I believe that is manual, I'm not really sure. Even worse than this is this person is blaming auto caption on YouTube. At the bottom, there's a couple of words in there, so obviously it's offensive. Now he's blaming YouTube for that. I say, no, it's your fault. You're leaving it on specifically to do it for you. You should do it manually yourself. And that is what can happen. And this is just recently, it's happened as well. In the SEO world, people say content is king, but in terms of caption, it's about context. The context is really, really important as well. So what I mean by this, like I said earlier, it's not just about having what is shared right in front of you, said out loud. You also need to be aware of around that as well. Here's an example that I actually love watching this in Netflix. Greg David, a comedian, he said something that created a subdued laughter. What happened was he was talking about a joke. He said, I used to depend on my father to be the source of all jokes, but separately, he died. Now obviously, he's supposed to be a joke, but there are people who can put my jokes, but it's a joke. It's a subdued laughter. That actual context of the laughter, not just general laughter, it's a bit different. Just like how you speak can add to the scene. Then there's time to be macho, masculine, less bitching around. But then after that, he went back to his normal voice as well. I need to know that, and I've told you many people, they need to know that. Sometimes you are in a room where there's an echo. And from the bottom, it can make a big difference to the scene. But then whatever you have at the bottom, make sure, like anything in any language, make sure that you have the correct grammar and pronunciation, because a simple comma can make a big difference between making grammar against less each grammar. It's a very, very common thing in the copyrighting word. They always love to use the example comma. It can shape people's lives. But even a comma can make things different. It can stop all these things by making them more understandable. So at the bottom, it did not make sense to address them because there's also caption. But when you add a few things like a comma, a French cross, even a dash, it makes it more readable, separate it, it's more understandable. It makes a big difference. But then also make sure where to put it. If you're going to have two words, make sure that the space is in the right place. Because between pen and is at the bottom, there's no space. There's no space between pen and is. Ah, yes. Also, like I said, it's not about what is said, it's also about the music. What music is played in the background? I personally love it. Instead of written through the credits, you know what music is played during a particular scene. It's great. And sometimes when you're talking about a movie where the local music is not something that you're familiar with, like for example Black Panther, it's got a bit of an African theme to it, and all our people will be familiar with who is singing what. Because Taylor Swift is not appropriate for Black Panther. But sometimes there are times where, okay, you don't know who is singing what, who is playing what. But sometimes you need to describe the music to set the scene. And I personally like the way I describe this particular scene in Black Panther, haunting traditional singing. It was a bit of a fighting battleground going on, everyone was fighting, slow-mo happened, and then there was that music coming on. Maybe I should have put an African word in there as well, like African traditional or something like that, but the community set the scene. But sometimes you don't have to go complicated. A simple one as I'm beyond music could make a difference. It's like something's happened, we entered something. And you can get creative with the way you describe the music. On my own video, someone did this for me. First of all, I didn't know that this song was fairly well. Second of all, it was more of an oompa version, like a trumpet version. I didn't know that, and I thought it was really good. Obviously, it's not just about the music, it's about the sound, where there's a sound coming from. Because it could be from many different sources, but in this situation, there's a sound coming from the camcorder, the same place. Not from a TV, not from outside. That makes a difference. And then the sound could again set the scene, because it's building up to a particular moment. It's a difference. The way in which the sound, the music, builds up. But then sometimes there are no sounds at all, and that's okay. But sometimes you need to get a bit of a hint. If people are speaking, then you might need to get some indication that there is something going on, but it's inaudible. But sometimes there's a general hover in the background, and there are cries talking indistinctly while that person is going around. It's a difference. But sometimes you can get creative again with the sound, and this one is quite interesting. One of these classic David Ackendriff program, Netflix, Documentary, women all know it. And the scene was, under jungle, lots of animal noises from all places. The way they captured it was overlapping animal vocalization. Quite creative. That's quite creative. It makes sense to me as well. And I did not know that apparently, Dolphin, they make a cricketery and chittery noise. See, none of that. But because of that, now I know that. I mean, yeah, I couldn't Google it myself. But if you're going to label what animal noises you know make, make sure you're able to collect animals, because that's not a penguin. The other penguin in the scene, I should clarify, the orchids are chasing a penguin. But first of all, I think penguin not wine. And the orchids are the ones who are really making that noise. So make sure you get the animal noises right as well. So once you have all these in mind, make sure it's easy to be and not just overwhelming. Because sometimes there's a temptation to put a lot at the bottom. That's too much. You don't need three lines. You don't need to have a very wide, short, two lines, simple and clean. That's what you need. But then be aware that if you have open caption, which is burdened in the video, you won't be able to see it. So now, unless you're going to pause, you're not going to be able to work out what is said behind there, which is translating it or what that has to say in French. And that's a problem, because it can happen many, many times. And you can do it at home, but you can't do it in a cinema or anywhere else. But you also have to make sure that whatever is said, the right person is saying the right thing. I was very annoyed about this particular scene. There are three sentences in this scene, but what you don't know is that three sentences are said by three different people, but it's not telling that at all. So it makes it very hard to work out who is saying what. But apparently, it's the same person saying everything, but there are three different people instead. Keep it nice and clean and simple. Ted.com do it very well. Clean, simple, clear, easy to read. You can go ambitious. You can go crazy if you want to. One time, I did check out the PGA website, and apparently you can customize your caption at the bottom. The style and everything like that. So I checked it out. I went to caption. I checked the color selection, and I thought, let's have some fun with it. So I thought, okay, different texture, different background color. Oh yeah, that looks good. I'm going to go for something a little wacky, a little wacky. So that's done. What about opaque? Should I make it transparent? Should I make it opaque? That's good like this. Sheened everything. The borders, the background, the window, the whole lot. Done. Fun type. We all love the good old comic fans. But nah, let's not go comic fans. What good curtain? That looks fun, doesn't it? Moving on. Let's go stage. We're doing great captions. And then put some shadow in it, because that's fun as well, isn't it? Right, done. So I thought I'd done a good job. But then I thought, okay, maybe I need a good job, because it ended up looking quite ugly at the bottom. It doesn't work. I don't think you need to do that. I don't think you need to have the option of customizing. Keep it clean and simple. So that's why I went back in there, and I cleaned it up. On most occasions, you're going to have this style coming up, but you do not need, in my opinion, to have all these features of curses and shadows, the only thing I think over the top. So I thought I'd make it to where you saw earlier, that Ted had. Keep it nice and clean and simple. Simple colors, simple continue. Not too big, not too wide, all these things. And then in the end, it ended up being better. And I guess I'm only shadowing on my caption either. And that looks much more easier to use. You don't need to go crazy. Now, of course, you can get crazy with your way of describing a particular scene. In this scene of Transformers, apparently there's a language called Old Cybertronian. I didn't know robots people called Cybertronian, but apparently one of them was in pain, and that's what they said. But this is the thing as well. You don't need to go crazy and go too far ahead of yourself when you're describing people's sound, music, anything like that. Those of us who know the series of friends, who know friends, we know they're the characters of Janice. She has an interesting laugh. Apparently the laugh is in the chewing-on-fire laughter. Apparently as well, you can laugh in different languages as well. I know a bit of Spanish, but they did not teach you a little class. Interesting. Apparently also, you can boo in a certain way as well. Now, I don't know what posh booing noise is. It's noon, and I'm not going to try it. But apparently you can do that as well. You don't continue. Sometimes it's got a bit ridiculous. I have no idea what this means. Intense, very scary. I don't know at what point you need that at the moment. So, you don't, for example. And then sometimes I love it when they kind of tease you a bit, like they imply something's going on, so like loudly implied cannibalism. It may be kind of moving. It may be not. And then sometimes maybe it's a bit, maybe a bit too far sometimes. And they say, let's see, I don't know sound. If you don't know that, I don't know sound. It's like a, I don't know. Mmm, you know, I don't know. That's not necessary. It's either you like mumbling, I don't know. You don't need to make, I don't know sound. Because if you think about it, what about people who don't know English? People from across the world, they're not going to know what I don't know sound is. And then maybe the, I call it the peace period at this point, the ultimate one, when I found out I was watching the Avengers, and then they put this at the bottom. Can you see? That was my screenshot of the TV. I was sitting there, I screamed, and my wife came and said, what happened? I said, look. So, and to clarify, movie said, hey, either. So, we've got all these things, but what do you get out of captions? And obviously I'm speaking from a personal experience about deafness, and there are so many people in the UK who are deaf, one in six, who don't increase in one in five, think about your own country as well, that could increase, even in the US, over 48 million as well. And that's going to increase. Globally, it's massive. It's a big, big number. So, yes, you could say that you're going to create this for that audience, but what I would say is that is a breaking news, because the breaking news is that, you know, captions are not just for deaf people. If you think about it, there are so many people who can benefit from it. People who are learning disabilities, people who have some kind of, you know, language disability, people who are learning the language, people from different countries, people who just want that great experience by watching in silence, people who want to watch it in a different way, there's so many benefits of captions, and it's not just for me and deaf people. Many people can benefit, then you think, more people than you think can benefit from it, which means that you will reach a much larger and engaged audience than you think. Because according to OSCOM, 8,200 people who use these captions are neither deaf or hard of hearing, and that's OSCOM. And in fact, 85% of people who watch Facebook videos watch it in silence as well. Think about your own behavior. You don't have to be deaf to enjoy caption, but if you're sitting in the bus, sitting somewhere where you need to be quiet, having a speaking look at work, you might be doing that yourself. Even Facebook realize that captions are very good, because they've noticed that the due time has increased when you do video ads, and this prompt is going to create a tool to help people to make it easier for them. And then as we know it, there are going to be more and more videos crossing the internet for a minute. By 2020, by how much? And by 2022, or 2022, more than 82% of all consumer traffic will be online videos. It's going to get bigger, it's going to arrive. So, are you convinced? What does it mean for this year though? I've mentioned that earlier. But even Google, they've mentioned something about auto captions in their own guide line. And they've said that you can always, always, order the review of automatic captions. That is literally what they said in their own guide line. And I should also point out that Google does not index auto captions. Only those that are manually uploaded will be indexed. And so index, they're not needed. Great for that to you. The problem is, if you only depend on auto captions, the accuracy is debatable. So by 60 to 80% accuracy, this is a rough number. But to put it into context, if you can put it into context like one in three words of your blog post is incorrect, is that okay? If one in three words of your social, your website, your book, something you've written, it is incorrect. And you don't think it's good. So why is it okay for captions to have one in three words incorrect as well? That's up to us to do that. And that's not great for us either if you think about keywords being written the wrong way. Most people use this company called Rev. They do transcription. They do captions. Some of them are automatic. You can do it that way cheaper and then you edit it yourself to get a human to do it for you. If you don't have the cost to do that, you can upload your video onto YouTube and it will create the automatic captions for you. You can then download it, edit it, upload it again, or you can edit it right in there and then drop down. That's for free. And then there are so many other tools that you can do that as well. And then don't forget if you're going to have videos and you're going to have captions, you can turn it into a transcript and then you have the blog post. Once you have a transcript on your blog page, click on your head in there. Done. You've also got a blog post and a video using the caption and the transcript. So I've got some rules that I would recommend that you follow when it comes to captioning. Simple stuff. You can be clueless to do verbatim. What I mean by that, for example, if someone is saying like, oh, I am, I don't know what, I put it all in. You put it all in. Because that is what person is saying. You sit in the scene and that's how it should be done. Now sometimes you might want to clean it up. You don't have to make it really, really long, but it's still true. And clean verbatim. Includes non-slush elements. I've mentioned the music, the sound, what is sound effect. Includes in the blog. As always, like anything you write, make sure you follow the proper, proper grammatical rules. As always, don't eat your grandmother. And use uppercase and no letters. The noun, the location, the name. Simple stuff. You all know that as well. If you have the option, not what you're doing, but if you have one of your stations where you're going to customize your own styling, keep it clean and simple. Until you collect styling, apparently. But that's only possible in certain platforms. If it's going to be on YouTube or something like that, then you're set in one styling. Think it's fine. You need a big one? Now I know it's like, you don't want to write it, or it's like you're gonna write F, after X, after X, K, if the person was saying it out loud, you literally have to write it out loud. It might be different. It might feel awkward, but that is your literal translation of what that person is saying. And it would be great if you could also make sure that you do it before you publish your videos. Too deep for that. Now one main one is that so everyone can have access to your video at the same time, rather than sporadically. The second reason is that there are certain YouTube creators, they strongly believe that if you upload your video onto YouTube and then you decide to edit it because you forgot something or you want to add some for a bit more, if you do it very, very quickly after you publish it, it will affect your initial reach as well. So it'll be ideal if you have everything done, captions done, everything, upload it, and then you leave it and let it settle. Goal rule, never, ever depend on auto captions. It is a pain. And it's something that I can't really live with because it means that I get denied a lot of videos as well. And then when people say stuff like this, oh man, when it's on two days at all, I'm sorry, you can't bring me that stuff. It's different. But people are also interested in that there is a beauty when it comes to having captions, what type of... Can you feel me? At the Golden Goal, Korean director, he has one on the wall for him, Korean spoken film, it's a foreign film. And he said this, he said, once you overcome the one inch tall barrier of subtitle, you will be introduced to so many more amazing films. That was just three weeks ago, maybe a month ago, he said that. Not only that it's true, but I also want to touch it around by saying, if you do introduce that, you will also have access to so many more amazing people, access to your content as well. More than you think. And that's exactly it. That's why I've got a big challenge for you. I challenge you, first of all, create videos. Videos are awesome. Videos going to be on the rise. Don't get too worked up about it in three per second or whatever. One of my friends, Brian Fandler, he said perfection is the enemy of done. Which is a good way of putting that. Create videos. They're awesome. They're beautiful. It's a good way to show your personality, your emotions, everything. But at the same time, I challenge you to perfection. And you never know what that could do to your engagement. Whether someone who doesn't know the language is learning, or someone who's sitting on the bus and just watching about perfection, they're just going to skip it. There's so many more people. So I challenge you that, and I'd love to hear what can happen as well. Thank you. Okay, depending on which way you want to go with this, you've either got watch seven minutes for some sensible questions, or if you want to drag it out, you're just going to be late for lunch. Which I just had to write. So has anyone got me? So thank you, Armin. That was excellent. From a personal benefit, I have used the YouTube auto-captioning thing because I had to get a transcript for something. And I thought, I don't want to sit in this situation at some time. Wacked into YouTube, got the transcript, downloaded that. Yes, there were stakes in it, but correcting 20 mistakes out of a couple of thousand words was a downside easier than having to do the whole thing. So I can recommend that. There are lots of ways. So questions? Thank you for that. That was great. So Facebook and YouTube have tools, which we have captions, but I'm not sure if Instagram and Snapchat and some of these other platforms do. And you see a lot of embedded text that's been put on in iMovie or something like that. What do you think about that approach and how easy is it to translate across different platforms? Instagram and Snapchat, they don't have a specific tool. You have to use a separate tool to create it. And then you upload it onto Instagram and Snapchat. And they are burned on the video, which means that they're called open caption. Open caption and burn. Chrome caption, you switch it on and off. And people think that it takes a long time to do it. Yes, there's a little bit of extra things that you have to do to create it manually on your phone, but you cannot do it on the computer as well because people think that you have to do it all on your phone. So I do think that if you look at how people use it, there are apps. I don't know in iOS, but I know in Android, for example, I believe there's something called AutoCAP, something like that. They have that. And it connects what you're saying with auto caption and then you manually edit it yourself. And I believe it's charismatic. I think in iOS, I think it's charismatic. They have something similar. You put a transcript and then you edit it manually and then you can share it onto Instagram and Snapchat. And there's a reason why you've seen that because people are finding this useful and it's important and it has to be engagement. I don't know about you, but I use a lot of the videos because it's annoying sometimes. But even sometimes when there is noise, you want to hear the noise, but then someone's saying something in the background can't look at it. So it is very, very useful honestly. And I do encourage people to try to do it on Instagram, Snapchat, YouTube, because from desktop, it's easier to do it with your keyboard. Thanks for if you have to upload it and then you edit it there. But if you have done it on YouTube, for example, you've got it perfect, then you can download it and upload it in different places and that's the benefit of it. You can pre-purpose your action into so many different places. And that will save you a lot of headaches in your time. You're going to have to carry on asking questions because lunch hasn't arrived yet. So if you carry on like this, we'll be breaking a Kit Kat into very, very small pieces. So that's as good as it gets. Claire. I was just wondering about captions, transcripts and different actions. So I've taken my job of photographing some transcripts. It's been taken from a podcast, auto-capturing for a full transcript. But notice that it had much bigger problems with the formats and the physicality of the live maps and what your experience has been. I still get, when I get like red, for example, even though sometimes they give you the option of adding a glossary of your own because they are really particular words, I still get those inaudible or unable to hear whatever it is. So I get that still. And I've had interviews with American people, they get it still. And sometimes I think it's a good thing that they admit it up front that it's inaudible because it is wrong and you quickly scroll in it and you assume it's okay and that's annoying. But if they're really struggling and they put it inaudible, then you can check it manually yourself. So that's why it doesn't matter if it's auto-caption or it's manually created by a human, you still have to manually check it. It's regardless. Just like the example I was showing you or the Big Bang Theory one and a few others, they're manually done by a human, but it's still wrong. So just like when you're creating any content that you type in yourself, you write in the book, whatever, just like you do it for your own content, you have to check manually as well. That would always agree. I think you've got to be one of the most articulate person in the world to be able to have 100%. But it could be worth it. It could be, you know, you could be creating bridges and then it's good. What person, what sort of word, merge it in? I thought, that can't be me. Yeah, it does happen. The benefit of getting a human to do it for you is that you've been adding the glossary, spelling, capital W, capital P, put it in, and critically. But with auto-caption, you just never know what you're going to get, you can do it on the bed as well. So always check it manually. And that's the other benefit you just mentioned by action. People struggle with action. That's the fact around the world. So that is another benefit that everyone can appreciate. If you don't understand the first thing, because of the action, there goes action. Okay, I do have a request as far as lunch is concerned. You may have noticed, we're hoping that most people, once they've picked up the lunch at that end, will bring it down to this end to actually eat it, because otherwise it's going to get added in that corner. But there aren't quite enough chairs, so certainly put back two or three rows. If you can actually, when we're done, pick up your chairs and carry them just through to there, that would make life a hell of a lot easier, because we haven't got enough chairs to have 100 or 90 odd people sitting everywhere at the same time. So if you can do that, that's fine. Has anyone got any other questions for Armin? Yes, yes. I was just going to ask you, spoke earlier about Snapchat and voice of Snapchat for instance. Looking at, you know, the moment TikTok seems to be a similar type of tool that especially the people are engaging with. Do you know is there any sort of water captioning inside there or anything you can use on that platform? Or do you think is it back to trying to create something, bring it back and edit it locally before you put it back? I'm pretty sure it's that. You have to do it separately, and then you upload it onto TikTok, Snapchat and Instagram, all like similar idea. I'm pretty sure that TikToks don't have an auto caption feature. One of the reasons, because they're very heavily focused on music, but at the same time music, you can still capture music, so it doesn't really matter. But you still need to do it on your local computer or on your phone, in the gallery section of your phone, and then you upload it onto TikTok. You want to just go directly to TikTok and then upload it there. But then, this is why the other benefit is that if you, of course, separately, don't always go onto the platform, you've got that video ready, and you can publish it in different places as well. That's the benefit of doing it, so I hope that helps. Yeah, perfect, thank you. You're welcome. Okay, is there anybody else? I'm just about done. For anyone who's ever been to WordCamp in London, I went a couple of years ago, and I had a screen like this whacking away in the corner, translating stuff, and all this little stuff, and I can't remember the name of the company, but they had two or three people tucked away in the corner, who were basically typing lala in this caption, and I was fascinated by this, because it was quite, the skill was extraordinary, because the speed at which they were having the stuff out, but they had a shorthand all their own, and they tried to explain it to me, and it went straight over my head. I didn't understand at all, but it was very impressive. So if you're in a live conference situation, this is certainly a cheap option, because it's free on the net, which is why we haven't let you on the Wi-Fi yet, because otherwise it really would have been to a standstill. But obviously for big events, we could afford this cut-caps name company, and it was very impressive, but they make mistakes, because if it's live and it's immediate, there's bound to be mistakes. So as I was saying, in terms of anything you do, proofreading is key, whether it's just something you've written, or whether it's something voice and then subsequently needs doing, to avoid some of the examples you've come up with, yes, some studious and careful proofreading that never goes amiss. And if you're not good at that, just get someone else to have a go through it, because a fresh pair of eyes can make a huge difference. So that's my recommendation. Has anyone else got any questions for Armin? Because that's been fascinating, and I've thoroughly enjoyed that.