 This study examined the prevalence of poor sleep quality among undergraduate medical students in Nepal and identified factors associated with it. The results showed that 38.2 percent of the students were classified as having poor sleep quality. Factors such as depression, current alcohol use, poor academic achievement, and being a fourth-year student were significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Therefore, routine screening for sleep quality and depressive symptoms should be implemented to mitigate its impact among medical students. Additionally, special attention should be given to the population subgroups of fourth-year students, current alcohol users, and those with poor academic achievements to improve sleep quality. This article was authored by Kiran Pautil, Tara Bolav Adhikari, Prati Kanal, and others.