 Hello, welcome to the session on Selenium Automation Testing. At the end of this session, students will be able to define Selenium Automation Testing and explain different Selenium components and their advantages and disadvantages. Let us see what is Selenium. Selenium is a free open source automated testing suite for web application across different browsers and platforms. It is quite similar to the HP QuickTest Pro, that is a QTP tool, only that the Selenium focus on automating the web applications. It is similar to the latest version of QTP or UFT Unified Functional Testing. Testing done using the Selenium tool is usually referred as Selenium Testing. Selenium is not just a single tool but a suite of softwares, each catering to the different testing needs of an organization. It has four components. The first one is Selenium Integrated Development Enablement, that is Selenium IDE, Selenium Remote Control, that is Selenium RC, WebDriver and Selenium Grid. Next we will see Selenium Suite components. At the moment, Selenium RC and WebDriver are merged into a single framework to form a Selenium tool. Selenium 1 refers to Selenium RC and improved version of Selenium 2 is called as Selenium 3. These are the different Selenium Suite components. Let us see who developed the Selenium tool. Since Selenium is a collection of different tools, it had different developers as well. Below are the key persons who made a notable contribution to the Selenium project. Primarily, Selenium was created by Josson Huggins in 2004, an engineer at ThoughtWorks. He was working on a web application that required frequent testing. Having realized that the repetitious manual testing of their application was becoming more and more inefficient, he created a JavaScript program that would automatically control the browser's action. He named this program as a JavaScript Test Runner. Seeing the potential in this idea to help automate other web applications, he made the JavaScript runner as the open source which was later renamed as Selenium Core. Let us see why the name Selenium. It came from a joke which Josson cracked one of the time to his team. Another automated testing framework was popular during the Selenium's development. And it was by the company called Mercury Interactive. Yes, the company who originally made QTP before it was acquired by the HP company. Since Selenium is a well known antidote for mercury poisoning. So Josson suggested that name. His teammates took it and so that is how we got to call this framework up to the present. The advantages of Selenium IDE are it is very easy to use and install. To use the Selenium IDE, programming experience is not required. Users can export tests to formats usable in Selenium RC and WebDriver, the higher versions. The tests that are created using the Selenium IDE can be exported into the higher versions Selenium RC and WebDriver. It has built-in help and test result reporting module. There is one of the advantages and it provides support for the extensions. The drawbacks of Selenium IDE are it is available only in the Firefox browser. It is designed only to create a prototype of tests. There is no support for iteration and conditional operations. The test execution is slow compared to that of the higher versions of Selenium RC and WebDriver. Selenium RC was the flagship testing framework of the whole Selenium project for a long time. This is the first automated web testing tool that allowed the user to use a programming language they prefer. As of the version 2.25, the Selenium RC can support the following programming languages, Java, Cihash, PHP, Python, Perl and Ruby. Let us see the advantages and disadvantages of Selenium RC. The advantages are it supports the cross browser and cross platform. It can perform looping and conditional operations as it was the drawback in Selenium IDE. It can support test-driven testing. It can support data-driven testing. It has a matured and complete API. It can readily support new browsers as it was a drawback in Selenium IDE as it supports only the Firefox browser faster execution than the Selenium IDE. The drawbacks of Selenium RC are the installation is more complicated than the Selenium IDE. It must have a programming knowledge and needs a Selenium RC server to be running. The installation is a complex. The API contains redundant and confusing commands. The browser's interaction is less realistic compared to the Selenium IDE. In consistent result and uses JavaScripts, slower the execution time than WebDriver. The WebDriver proves itself to be better than both Selenium IDE and Selenium RC in many aspects. It implements a more modern and stable approach in automating the browser's action. WebDriver, unlike Selenium RC, does not rely on JavaScript for automation. It controls the browser by directly communicating with it. The supported languages are the same as those in the Selenium RC. It supports Java, C-Hash, PHP, Python, Perm, and Ruby. Let us see the advantages and disadvantages of WebDriver. The advantages are it is a simple installation than Selenium RC. It communicates directly to the browser. The browser interaction is more realistic in WebDriver. There is no need for a separate component such as RC server. Selenium RC requires the installation of RC server. Faster execution time than IDE and RC. The drawbacks of WebDriver are installation is more complicated than Selenium IDE. It requires a programming knowledge and cannot readily support new browsers. It has no inbuilt mechanism for logging. It does not show the runtime messages and generation of test results. Selenium Grid is a tool used together with Selenium RC to run parallel tests across different machines and different browsers, all at the same time. Parallel execution means running multiple tests at once. The main features are it enables simultaneous running of tests in multiple browsers and environments. It saves the time enormously. It utilizes the hub and nodes concept. The hub acts as a central source of Selenium commands to each node connected to it. Because of their architectural differences, Selenium IDE, Selenium RC, and WebDriver that supports different sets of browsers and operating environment. Selenium IDE supports the Mozilla Firefox browser and WebDriver supports IE Explorer with some different versions, both 32 and 64 bit. The Selenium WebDriver is termed as a successor of Selenium RC which has been deprecated and officially announced by the Selenium HQ. The operating system for Selenium IDE are Windows, Mac OS, and Linux. For WebDriver, all operating systems where the browser above can run. Let us pause the video for a while and try to answer the question. What is Selenium Automation Testing? Selenium Automation Testing is one of the powerful automation testing tools used to automate web and mobile applications. The main reason which makes Selenium the most powerful tool is its open source availability. It is a setup tool which is used in various scenarios and has the facility to support different browsers for automation. A trending testing tool mostly used in IT companies in testing field. Now again pause the video for a while and try to answer the question. Features of Selenium IDE? The answer is all of the above. These are the references I referred. Thank you.