 NAMASKARA Nannisru Dr. Mallika Arjun Kalishti I am a consultant hematologist hematoconcologist and bone marrow transplant physician at Manipal Hospital Bangalore Bone marrow transplantation is the bone marrow factory where blood is produced stem cells are taken by mother 3 different blood types KEMPRAKTHA, BILYRECTHA and PLATELITE bone marrow transplantation is not done properly some blood is in cancer some are in leukemia some are in inherited hemoglobinopathy some are in thalassemia some are in sickle cell disease some of the blood is produced by the factory so when we replace a diseased bone marrow from healthy normal bone marrow that is called as bone marrow transplantation so when we replace a diseased bone marrow from healthy normal bone marrow from healthy normal bone marrow that is called as bone marrow transplantation and then we have an appropriate donor who is HLA matched so after that we take normal healthy stem cells from the donor and destroy the diseased bone so when we replace a diseased bone we will use the stem cells from the healthy donor to replace it that is called bone marrow transplantation so when we transplant a bone marrow transplantation we do it at any time who needs it so most common indication for bone marrow transplantation is thalassemia group of disorders thalassemia is a blood type that is called as measure and when we replace a normal gene it does not have blood it needs to have a lot of blood so this is a common condition in Asia there are two leukemia acute lymphoblastic leukemia in this type of leukemia it is very high risk and because of treatment there is a high risk acute leukemia and bone marrow transplantation that is why now in this type of leukemia there is a lymphoma in this type of leukemia there is a primary immunodeficiency disorder in this type of leukemia so in other types of leukemia there is a lot of blood that is why we do it or when it is replaced by cancerous cells when it is replaced by a normal gene when it is replaced by refractory leukemia and lymphomas when it is replaced by bone marrow transplantation in other types of leukemias in multiple types of leukemias when it is replaced by a little bit of control it should not be a big relapse it should be cured bone marrow transplantation