 The successful isolation of a human influenza virus in 1933 led to the development of an influenza vaccine. Currently, vaccinations are the most effective way to protect against human influenza infection. However, the composition of these vaccines must be updated annually due to the rapid mutation rate of the virus. In order to provide better protection against influenza, it may be beneficial to develop vaccines that target conserved regions of the virus, such as the M2E protein. Recent research has shown that M2E-based vaccines can induce strong immune responses and may be suitable for use in a universal influenza vaccine. This article is authored by Le Deng, Kee Jun Cho, Walter Fears, and others.