 Hello, I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education and I am Dr. Rashmi Singh, Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Assistant Kharna Galsupi College, University of Allahabad. And we are discussing nowadays theories of motivation in which today I will go to discuss, I will discuss Elder First ERG theory of motivation. Here E stands for existence, R for relatedness, and G for growth. And the lecture will be imbibing well more and various questions have been asked from the theories of motivation, hence it is important too. And do subscribe my channel, so let's start. The mass of the five human needs, which were going from physiological to self-actualization, was condensed, condensed in a single form. And the name of the area is ERG, where E means existence, R for relatedness, and G for growth. Now we will understand this. Existence means include all material and physical, physiological desires. It means that it is necessary for our existence, it is necessary for our survival. So whose problems this will be with us. This is your food, water, shelter, air, bread, clothes, house, but physical love and affection has also been given. So mass of the first two levels, their physiological needs and safety needs have been given to them. Then the next diagram of relatedness will be understood. Relatedness needs include social and external team, relationships with significant others like family, friends, co-workers and employers. This also means being recognized and feeling secure as part of a group or family, mass loss third and fourth level. So first of all, they did not have any existence. What was the third and fourth? First it was physiological, second it was your safety, then it was love and belonging, means social needs and self-esteem needs. So they took the portion of social and self-esteem and made it relatedness. I mean we can relate to ourselves, to the group, our peer group, our environment, our community. So they are saying that we need to relate to ourselves. First of all, they said that existence is important. Second, we need to relate to ourselves to a group and they took the third and fourth level. Then in growth needs, they are taking esteem and self-actualization. That is, the portion of esteem is common in both groups. Relatedness and your growth is also coming. Internal esteem and self-actualization, these impel a person to make creative and productive effects on himself and on the environment. Example to progress towards one ideal self. This was self-actualization. That we can get our best out of it. That we can be creative, innovative, productive. This was self-actualization. So self-actualization is in the portion of esteem. Who made the growth? Elders. And they took fourth and fifth level. This includes desire to be creative and productive and complete meaningful tasks. Now you will understand the diagram. The ERG theory was developed by American psychologist state on Elephor between 1961 and 1970. The ERG theory is a motivational model based on aslo's hierarchy. It is messed up hierarchy. But it is made. The ERG theory is based on acronym of the use of co-needs, existence-relatedness. Now this is physiological, safety, love belonging which is also called social, then it is esteem and then it is self-actualization. So physiological and safety has already made others exist. But third and fourth is relatedness and fourth and fifth is growth. The fourth is esteem is common relatedness and growth. This is concept of elderfer. Now difference between elderfer and meso theory. Now what is the difference between them? Why are they both different theories? They are saying a lower level needs does not have to be gratified. That is a person may satisfy a need at hand whether or not a previous need has been satisfied. Meso says that the first need is gratified and the second one is not. But elderfer says that the lower level needs does not have to be gratified. It is not necessary that existence needs to be gratified only then we will go to relatedness. Relatedness needs to be gratified only then we will grow. Whereas meso says that crumbar, hierarchy is not about hierarchy. If a relatively more significant need is not gratified they desire to gratify a lesser need will be increased. This is not what meso says. What it says is that if our upper level needs are not gratified, we are not able to fulfill it. Like we are in existence but we are not able to relate to it. So what happens is that we come back to the lower level. They desire to gratify a lesser need will be increased. Our tendency increases that we can gratify a lesser need. This is not what meso says. He says that if frustration in meeting higher order needs might lead a person to a regressed way more concrete need category. This is what frustration and regression also says. He says that when we are unable to fulfill the need we are not able to fulfill it. So we are frustrated and we are regressed. We come back to the lower level. This is not what meso said. Then for elderfills ERG, it allows the order of the needs to differ for different people. He says that the order can also be at the bottom. This is not what meso says. Everybody has to cross physiological, belonging, safety, social, and socialization. So it accounts for these starring artists who may place growth needs above existence. He says that if an artist is hungry for his art, then his growth needs will be more important for him and will make his existence better. Then ERG states that at a given point of time more than one need may be operational. When meso says that when physiological is not belonging, then there is no esteem, if there is no esteem, then there is no growth. He says that more than one need can be operational and the Holy Spirit can be. So this is basically what elderfills and meso says in the approach when needs are the same. That is the condensation. Then this is a special thing that elderfills has done. Relationships between elderfills and ERG are the same concepts. The concepts of ERG are interrelationship. So we have to consider three concepts here. Satisfaction, progression, frustration, regression, and satisfaction, strengthening. Satisfaction, progression is okay, but if we satisfy, then progress. Moving up to a higher level needs based on satisfying needs. We will only go to the higher level when we are satisfied. Here it is common. With meso, satisfaction, progression plays an important part. This is also what meso says. Individuals move up the knee higher as a result of satisfying lower order needs. When we satisfy the knee at the bottom, then we go to the top. In elderfills and ERG, this is not necessary. So the elderfills are not saying that. Then frustration regression. This is a unique concept of elderfills. This is very important. If a higher level needs remains unfulfilled, if we are not able to fulfill the need at the top, a person may regress to lower levels. So the individual, the student, is satisfied to fulfill the need at the lower level that becomes much more compelling, much more impulsive. It suggests that already satisfied needs can become active and a higher need cannot be satisfied. We have satisfied the need of our existence. We were going to the related needs but we are not able to fulfill the need. We have no acceptance, no rejection in the group. So what will he do? He wants to go back to the need of existence. Satisfaction strengthening. Iteratively strengthening a current level of satisfying needs. Satisfaction strengthening indicates that an already satisfied need can maintain satisfaction. If our need is satisfied, it maintains its satisfaction. Or strengthen lower level needs iteratively when it fails to gratify higher level needs. So what do we do? We strengthen the need at the bottom. So these three concepts, Satisfaction progression, which I am talking about, ELDRFER is not necessary. Frustration regression, which we are talking about, and Satisfaction strengthening, it also indicates that the need at the bottom is more strengthened if we are not able to fulfill the need at the top. Educational implications. I have told you again and again that the theory of motivation is more in management. Why? Because there we have to see the motivation of the employees to perform better on the workplace. So how can managers motivate them? But we can draw it from educational implications. How can teachers motivate students? How can teachers motivate students? ELDRFER's theory introduces the notion of frustration regression. We know, as a teacher, if our upper level needs are not fulfilled, then the child will go on the need. So that means, we don't have to bring the child, the student, to the stage of frustration. That's what it says. The notion of frustration regression is a barrier to motivation energy. That means, in Prerna and Nishwati, frustration regression is a barrier to motivation. The whole point is to motivate the team members and avoid the scenario where the frustration regression principle starts to settle. We don't have to give us a chance to work on the frustration regression principle. It's not a need, but it cannot satisfy the need that belongs to the activity. Whether it's the child's hunger, thirst, safety, all the needs are fulfilled, but that's not a rejection in the group. It's not an acceptance. What will they do? This can lead to over-focusing on the need. Meaning, the need for existence will start over-focusing on the need. For example, a student needs attention and interaction. He needs attention and interaction but is told to be quite in class. socializing even longer. Or, Teji says that she wants to socialize. She will be more forceful. Or, she will go to the washroom again and again. She will say that she is hungry. Because she will start focusing more on the need for existence. As teachers, we need to be able to look at our students and determine ways to motivate them to succeed. So what we have to do as a teacher is to see what level the student is at, what need is there, what has become full, what has remained, there is no frustration, there is no regression. And we should keep motivating them. This theory is more consistent with the knowledge of individual differences among the students. And what we believe in psychology is that there is individual differences between our students. It gives them more strength. It keeps them strong. Why? Because Eldarfar says that the order varies from person to person. And in one time, more needs can also be operational. Okay? So Eldarfar's ERG theory is also completed. And it is easy. If you have a maestro, you will also come to Eldarfar. We just have to remember that the first and second levels of existence are related to the third and fourth levels. And the fourth and fifth levels need growth. And it does not have a hierarchy set. It can vary the order. It will be frustrated. The person will go to the lower level which we do not have to let go of. Even in the classroom. And employers do not let this happen in their workplace. Okay? So thank you all. And don't forget to like and subscribe to my channel, Explore Education. Okay? Don't promise me. Thank you.